scholarly journals Bacterial and fungal communities respond differently to varying tillage depth in agricultural soils

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Anderson ◽  
Mike Beare ◽  
Hannah L. Buckley ◽  
Gavin Lear
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Community Response ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Physicochemical Changes ◽  
Tillage Depth ◽  
Tillage Treatment

In arable cropping systems, reduced or conservation tillage practices are linked with improved soil quality, C retention and higher microbial biomass, but most long-term studies rarely focus on depths greater than 15 cm nor allow comparison of microbial community responses to agricultural practices. We investigated microbial community structure in a long-term field trial (12-years, Lincoln, New Zealand) established in a silt-loam soil over four depth ranges down to 30 cm. Our objectives were to investigate the degree of homogenisation of soil biological and chemical properties with depth, and to determine the main drivers of microbial community response to tillage. We hypothesised that soil microbiological responses would depend on tillage depth, observed by a homogenisation of microbial community composition within the tilled zone. Tillage treatments were mouldboard plough and disc harrow, impacting soil to ∼20 and ∼10 cm depth, respectively. These treatments were compared to a no-tillage treatment and two control treatments, both permanent pasture and permanent fallow. Bacterial and fungal communities collected from the site were not impacted by the spatial location of sampling across the study area but were affected by physicochemical changes associated with tillage induced soil homogenisation and plant presence. Tillage treatment effects on both species richness and composition were more evident for bacterial communities than fungal communities, and were greater at depths <15 cm. Homogenisation of soil and changing land management appears to redistribute both microbiota and nutrients deeper in the soil profile while consequences for soil biogeochemical functioning remain poorly understood.

scholarly journals Bacterial and fungal communities respond differently to varying tillage depth in agricultural soils

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Anderson ◽  
Mike Beare ◽  
Hannah L Buckley ◽  
Gavin Lear
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Community Response ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Physicochemical Changes ◽  
Tillage Depth ◽  
Tillage Treatment

In arable cropping systems, reduced or conservation tillage practices are linked with improved soil quality, C retention and higher microbial biomass, but most long-term studies rarely focus on depths greater than 15 cm nor allow comparison of microbial community responses to agricultural practices. We investigated microbial community structure in a long-term field trial (12-years, Lincoln, New Zealand) established in a silt-loam soil over four depth ranges down to 30 cm. Our objectives were to investigate the degree of homogenisation of soil biological and chemical properties with depth, and to determine the main drivers of microbial community response to tillage. We hypothesised that soil microbiological responses would depend on tillage depth, observed by a homogenisation of microbial community composition within the tilled zone. Tillage treatments were mouldboard plough and disc harrow, impacting soil to ~20 and ~10 cm depth, respectively. These treatments were compared to a no-tillage treatment and two control treatments, both permanent pasture and permanent fallow. Bacterial and fungal communities collected from the site were not impacted by the spatial location of sampling across the study area but were affected by physicochemical changes associated with tillage induced soil homogenisation and plant presence. Tillage treatment effects on both species richness and composition were more evident for bacterial communities than fungal communities, and were greater at depths <15 cm. Homogenisation of soil and changing land management appears to redistribute both microbiota and nutrients deeper in the soil profile while consequences for soil biogeochemical functioning remain poorly understood.

scholarly journals Bacterial and fungal communities respond differently to varying tillage depth in agricultural soils

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Anderson ◽  
Mike Beare ◽  
Hannah L Buckley ◽  
Gavin Lear
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Community Response ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Physicochemical Changes ◽  
Tillage Depth ◽  
Tillage Treatment

In arable cropping systems, reduced or conservation tillage practices are linked with improved soil quality, C retention and higher microbial biomass, but most long-term studies rarely focus on depths greater than 15 cm nor allow comparison of microbial community responses to agricultural practices. We investigated microbial community structure in a long-term field trial (12-years, Lincoln, New Zealand) established in a silt-loam soil over four depth ranges down to 30 cm. Our objectives were to investigate the degree of homogenisation of soil biological and chemical properties with depth, and to determine the main drivers of microbial community response to tillage. We hypothesised that soil microbiological responses would depend on tillage depth, observed by a homogenisation of microbial community composition within the tilled zone. Tillage treatments were mouldboard plough and disc harrow, impacting soil to ~20 and ~10 cm depth, respectively. These treatments were compared to a no-tillage treatment and two control treatments, both permanent pasture and permanent fallow. Bacterial and fungal communities collected from the site were not impacted by the spatial location of sampling across the study area but were affected by physicochemical changes associated with tillage induced soil homogenisation and plant presence. Tillage treatment effects on both species richness and composition were more evident for bacterial communities than fungal communities, and were greater at depths <15 cm. Homogenisation of soil and changing land management appears to redistribute both microbiota and nutrients deeper in the soil profile while consequences for soil biogeochemical functioning remain poorly understood.

scholarly journals The Effects of Soil Depth on the Structure of Microbial Communities in Agricultural Soils in Iowa, USA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingjie Hao ◽  
Yen Ning Chai ◽  
Lucas Dantas Lopes ◽  
Raziel A. Ordóñez ◽  
Emily E. Wright ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Deep Soils

This study investigated the differences in microbial community abundance, composition and diversity throughout the depth profiles in soils collected from corn and soybean fields in lowa, USA using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. The results revealed decreased richness and diversity in microbial communities at increasing soil depth. Soil microbial community composition differed due to crop type only in the top 60 cm and due to location only in the top 90 cm. While the relative abundance of most phyla decreased in deep soils, the relative abundance of the phylum Proteobacteria increased and dominated agricultural soils below the depth of 90 cm. Although soil depth was the most important factor shaping microbial communities, edaphic factors including soil organic matter, soil bulk density and the length of time that deep soils were saturated with water were all significant factors explaining the variation in soil microbial community composition. Soil organic matter showed the highest correlation with the exponential decrease in bacterial abundance with depth. A greater understanding of how soil depth influences the diversity and composition of soil microbial communities is vital for guiding sampling approaches in agricultural soils where plant roots extend beyond the upper soil profile. In the long term a greater knowledge of the influence of depth on microbial communities should contribute to new strategies that enhance the sustainability of soil which is a precious resource for food security. IMPORTANCE Determining how microbial properties change across different soils and within the soil depth profile, will be potentially beneficial to understanding the long-term processes that are involved in the health of agricultural ecosystems. Most literature on soil microbes has been restricted to the easily accessible surface soils. However, deep soils are important in soil formation, carbon sequestration, and in providing nutrients and water for plants. In the most productive agricultural systems in the USA where soybean and corn are grown, crop plant roots extend into the deeper regions of soils (> 100 cm), but little is known about the taxonomic diversity or the factors that shape deep soil microbial communities. The findings reported here highlight the importance of soil depth in shaping microbial communities, provide new information about edaphic factors that influence the deep soil communities and reveal more detailed information on taxa that exist in deep agricultural soils.

scholarly journals A dataset of plant and microbial community structure after long-term grazing and mowing in a semiarid steppe

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenhuai Li ◽  
Jasna Hodzic ◽  
Jishuai Su ◽  
Shuxia Zheng ◽  
Yongfei Bai
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Saprotrophic Fungi ◽  
Management Regimes

AbstractGrazing and mowing are two dominant management regimes used in grasslands. Although many studies have focused on the effects of grazing intensity on plant community structure, far fewer test how grazing impacts the soil microbial community. Furthermore, the effects of long-term grazing and mowing on plant and microbial community structure are poorly understood. To elucidate how these management regimes affect plant and microbial communities, we collected data from 280 quadrats in a semiarid steppe after 12-year of grazing and mowing treatments. We measured plant species abundance, height, coverage, plant species diversity, microbial biomass, and microbial community composition (G+ and G− bacteria; arbuscular mycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungi; G+/G− and Fungi/Bacteria). In addition, we determined the soil’s physical and chemical properties, including soil hardness, moisture, pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus. This is a long-term and multifactorial dataset with plant, soil, and microbial attributes which can be used to answer questions regarding the mechanisms of sustainable grassland management in terms of plant and microbial community structure.

scholarly journals Biodegradable mulching vs traditional polyethylene film for sustainable solarization: Chemical properties and microbial community response to soil management

2021 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 103921
Author(s):  
Ida Di Mola ◽  
Valeria Ventorino ◽  
Eugenio Cozzolino ◽  
Lucia Ottaiano ◽  
Ida Romano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Community Response ◽  
Polyethylene Film
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