scholarly journals Occasional hybridization between a native and invasiveSeneciospecies in Australia is unlikely to contribute to invasive success

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3630
Author(s):  
Eleanor E. Dormontt ◽  
Peter J. Prentis ◽  
Michael G. Gardner ◽  
Andrew J. Lowe
Keyword(s):  
Seed Set ◽  
Hybrid Seed ◽  
Invasive Potential ◽  
Model Based Clustering ◽  
Hybrid Plants ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Genotype A

BackgroundHybridization between native and invasive species can facilitate introgression of native genes that increase invasive potential by providing exotic species with pre-adapted genes suitable for new environments. In this study we assessed the outcome of hybridization between nativeSenecio pinnatifoliusvar.pinnatifoliusA.Rich. (dune ecotype) and invasiveSenecio madagascariensisPoir. to investigate the potential for introgression of adaptive genes to have facilitatedS. madagascariensisspread in Australia.MethodsWe used amplified fragment length polymorphisms (141 loci) and nuclear microsatellites (2 loci) to genotype a total of 118 adults and 223 seeds fromS. pinnatifoliusvar.pinnatifoliusandS. madagascariensisat one allopatric and two shared sites. We used model based clustering and assignment methods to establish whether hybrid seed set and mature hybrids occur in the field.ResultsWe detected no adult hybrids in any population. Low incidence of hybrid seed set was found at Lennox Head where the contact zone overlapped for 20 m (6% and 22% of total seeds sampled forS. pinnatifoliusvar.pinnatifoliusandS. madagascariensisrespectively). One hybrid seed was detected at Ballina where a gap of approximately 150 m was present between species (2% of total seeds sampled forS. madagascariensis).ConclusionsWe found no evidence of adult hybrid plants at two shared sites. Hybrid seed set from both species was identified at low levels. Based on these findings we conclude that introgression of adaptive genes fromS. pinnatifoliusvar.pinnatifoliusis unlikely to have facilitatedS. madagascariensisinvasions in Australia. Revisitation of one site after two years could find no remainingS. pinnatifoliusvar. pinnatifolius, suggesting that contact zones between these species are dynamic and thatS. pinnatifoliusvar. pinnatifoliusmay be at risk of displacement byS. madagascariensisin coastal areas.

Using AFLP markers to inform population management of the endemic Chatham Island toetoe, Austroderia turbaria (Poaceae).

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary J Houliston ◽  
Murray I Dawson ◽  
Peter J De Lange ◽  
Peter B Heenan
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Population Variation ◽  
Population Genetic Analysis ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Low Levels

Austroderia turbaria Connor is a threatened grass endemic to the Chatham Islands. Although formerly more widespread, remaining natural populations consist of highly fragmented remnants and/or individuals. Population genetic analysis of seed-raised progeny from six of the extant natural populations on Chatham and Pitt islands, using amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) and microsatellite markers, shows that there are very low levels of variation (expected estimated heterozygosity He 0.023–0.030, no. of effective alleles Na 1.039–1.053), and no significant differentiation within or between populations on the two islands. Flow cytometric analysis of endosperm to embryo ratios suggests a sexual breeding system. This lack of population variation and no discernable differences between the two islands suggest that management practices such as the establishment of new populations can be carried out irrespective of the location of source material. One caveat to this is the possibility of Fusarium wilt occurring on the islands, in which case measures should be taken to best prevent spread across the range of the species.

Spatial genetic and clonal structure in Maianthemum dilatatum as defined by AFLP markers

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (9) ◽  
pp. 1126-1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy S.G. Wilson ◽  
Bart J. van der Kamp ◽  
Carol Ritland
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Clonal Growth ◽  
Spatial Genetic Structure ◽  
Restricted Gene Flow ◽  
Clonal Structure ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Flow Processes ◽  
Low Levels

Amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) were used to investigate the clonal and spatial genetic structure of Maianthemum dilatatum (A. Wood) Nels. & J.F. Macbr. (Convallariaceae), a clonal rhizomatous herb, which can form large patches of continuous cover. Within a subpopulation covering approximately 3 ha, all patches (n = 21) were mapped and sampled. Within these patches, 116 ramets were sampled and assigned to 74 putative genets. Small patches appeared to be single genets while larger patches were genetically heterogeneous and only moderately differentiated (ΦST = 0.291, p = 0.001). Less intense sampling in other populations produced similar results in that single genet populations were not found. Evidence of genet natality was present with the detection of five yearlings within a single season. Spatial autocorrelation measures detected spatial genetic structure attributable to both clonal growth and gene flow processes. It was concluded that within M. dilatatum populations, clonality is a significant factor, but the spatial structuring of genetic variation suggests that both low levels of restricted gene flow and repeated recruitment of genets occur.

A Demonstration of a 1:1 Correspondence Between Chiasma Frequency and Recombination Using a Lolium perenne/Festuca pratensis Substitution

Genetics ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 161 (1) ◽  
pp. 307-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
J King ◽  
L A Roberts ◽  
M J Kearsey ◽  
H M Thomas ◽  
R N Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Chiasma Frequency ◽  
Chiasma Formation ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Festuca Pratensis ◽  
Single Chromosome ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Frequency Counts

Abstract A single chromosome of the grass species Festuca pratensis has been introgressed into Lolium perenne to produce a diploid monosomic substitution line (2n = 2x = 14). The chromatin of F. pratensis and L. perenne can be distinguished by genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), and it is therefore possible to visualize the substituted F. pratensis chromosome in the L. perenne background and to study chiasma formation in a single marked bivalent. Recombination occurs freely in the F. pratensis/L. perenne bivalent, and chiasma frequency counts give a predicted map length for this bivalent of 76 cM. The substituted F. pratensis chromosome was also mapped with 104 EcoRI/Tru91 and HindIII/Tru91 amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs), generating a marker map of 81 cM. This map length is almost identical to the map length of 76 cM predicted from the chiasma frequency data. The work demonstrates a 1:1 correspondence between chiasma frequency and recombination and, in addition, the absence of chromatid interference across the Festuca and Lolium centromeres.

scholarly journals Invasive lizard has fewer parasites than native congener

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Tomé ◽  
D. James Harris ◽  
Ana Perera ◽  
Isabel Damas-Moreira
Keyword(s):  
18S Rrna ◽  
Blood Parasites ◽  
Average Intensity ◽  
Invasive Potential ◽  
Lizard Species ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Podarcis Siculus ◽  
Species Establishment ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Italian Wall Lizard

AbstractInvasive species can carry parasites to introduced locations, which may be key to understand the success or failure of species establishment and the invasive potential of introduced species. We compared the prevalence and infection levels of haemogregarine blood parasites between two sympatric congeneric species in Lisbon, Portugal: the invasive Italian wall lizard (Podarcis siculus) and the native green Iberian wall lizard (Podarcis virescens). The two species had significant differences in their infection levels: while P. virescens had high prevalence of infection (69.0%), only one individual of P. siculus was infected (3.7%), and while P. virescens exhibited an average intensity of 1.36%, the infected P. siculus individual had an infection rate of only 0.04%. Genetic analyses of 18S rRNA identified two different haemogregarine haplotypes in P. virescens. Due to the low levels of infection, we were not able to amplify parasite DNA from the infected P. siculus individual, although it was morphologically similar to those found in P. virescens. Since other studies also reported low levels of parasites in P. siculus, we hypothesize that this general lack of parasites could be one of the factors contributing to its competitive advantage over native lizard species and introduction success.

scholarly journals Amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP's)

2017 ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
June Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Marker ◽  
Restriction Fragment ◽  
Restriction Enzyme ◽  
Fragment Length ◽  
Polymorphic Loci ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Pcr Conditions

AFLP is a combination restriction fragment/PCR molecular marker technique which detects polymorphisms due to changes at or in the vicinity of restriction enzyme sites. The technique detects multiple polymorphic loci throughout the genome and may be used for fingerprinting and mapping purposes. The main advantages of the method are the consistency and reliability of the technique due to stringent PCR conditions and the ability to rapidly detect many polymorphic loci.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document