scholarly journals Evolutionary response to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau uplift: phylogeny and biogeography ofAmmopiptanthusand tribe Thermopsideae (Fabaceae)

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Shi ◽  
Pei-Liang Liu ◽  
Lei Duan ◽  
Bo-Rong Pan ◽  
Zhi-Hao Su
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Disjunct Distribution ◽  
Hengduan Mountains ◽  
Plateau Uplift ◽  
Evolutionary Response ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
Tibetan Plateau Uplift ◽  
The Common

Previous works resolved diverse phylogenetic positions for genera of the Fabaceae tribe Thermopsideae, without a thoroughly biogeography study. Based on sequence data from nuclear ITS and four cpDNA regions (matK,rbcL,trnH-psbA,trnL-trnF) mainly sourced from GenBank, the phylogeny of tribe Thermopsideae was inferred. Our analyses support the genera of Thermopsideae, with the exclusion ofPickeringia, being merged into a monophyletic Sophoreae. Genera of Sophoreae were assigned into the Thermopsoid clade and Sophoroid clade. Monophyly ofAnagyris,BaptisiaandPiptanthuswere supported in the Thermopsoid clade. However, the genera Thermopsis and Sophora were resolved to be polyphyly, which require comprehensive taxonomic revisions. Interestingly,Ammopiptanthus, consisting ofA. mongolicusandA. nanus, nested within the Sophoroid clade, withSalweeniaas its sister.AmmopiptanthusandSalweeniahave a disjunct distribution in the deserts of northwestern China and the Hengduan Mountains, respectively. Divergence age was estimated based on the ITS phylogenetic analysis. Emergence of the common ancestor ofAmmopiptanthusandSalweenia, divergence between these two genera and the split ofAmmopiptanthusspecies occurred at approximately 26.96 Ma, 4.74 Ma and 2.04 Ma, respectively, which may be in response to the second, third and fourth main uplifts of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, respectively.

scholarly journals Evolutionary response to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau uplift: Phylogeny and biogeography of Ammopiptanthus and tribe Thermopsideae (Fabaceae)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Shi ◽  
Pei-Liang Liu ◽  
Lei Duan ◽  
Bo-Rong Pan ◽  
Zhi-Hao Su
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Hengduan Mountains ◽  
Plateau Uplift ◽  
Evolutionary Response ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
Tibetan Plateau Uplift ◽  
The Common ◽  
Rapid Uplift

Based on sequence data from the nuclear ITS and four cpDNA regions (matK, trnH-psbA, trnL-trnF, rbcL), phylogeny of the tribe Thermopsideae was inferred. Our analyses supported this tribe being merged into a monophyletic Sophoreae in a broad sense, with exclusion of Pickeringia. Genera of Sophoreae were separated into the Thermopsoid clade and Sophoroid clade. Monophyly of Anagyris, Baptisia and Piptanthus were basically supported in the Thermopsoid clade. Ammopiptanthus, consisting of A. mongolicus and A. nanus, nested within the Sophoroid clade, with Salweenia as its sister. Ammopiptanthus and Salweenia disjunctively distributed in desert of Northwestern China and Hengduan Mountains, respectively. Divergence age was estimated based on the ITS phylogenetic analysis. Emergence of the common ancestor of Ammopiptanthus and Salweenia, divergence between these two genera, and split of Ammopiptanthus species occurred at approximately 26.96 Ma, 4.74 Ma and 2.04 Ma, respectively, which may be response to the second, third, fourth rapid uplift of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, respectively.

scholarly journals Evolutionary response to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau uplift: Phylogeny and biogeography of Ammopiptanthus and tribe Thermopsideae (Fabaceae)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Shi ◽  
Pei-Liang Liu ◽  
Lei Duan ◽  
Bo-Rong Pan ◽  
Zhi-Hao Su
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Hengduan Mountains ◽  
Plateau Uplift ◽  
Evolutionary Response ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
Tibetan Plateau Uplift ◽  
The Common ◽  
Rapid Uplift

Based on sequence data from the nuclear ITS and four cpDNA regions (matK, trnH-psbA, trnL-trnF, rbcL), phylogeny of the tribe Thermopsideae was inferred. Our analyses supported this tribe being merged into a monophyletic Sophoreae in a broad sense, with exclusion of Pickeringia. Genera of Sophoreae were separated into the Thermopsoid clade and Sophoroid clade. Monophyly of Anagyris, Baptisia and Piptanthus were basically supported in the Thermopsoid clade. Ammopiptanthus, consisting of A. mongolicus and A. nanus, nested within the Sophoroid clade, with Salweenia as its sister. Ammopiptanthus and Salweenia disjunctively distributed in desert of Northwestern China and Hengduan Mountains, respectively. Divergence age was estimated based on the ITS phylogenetic analysis. Emergence of the common ancestor of Ammopiptanthus and Salweenia, divergence between these two genera, and split of Ammopiptanthus species occurred at approximately 26.96 Ma, 4.74 Ma and 2.04 Ma, respectively, which may be response to the second, third, fourth rapid uplift of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, respectively.

scholarly journals The Tibetan Plateau Uplift is Crucial for Eastward Propagation of Madden-Julian Oscillation

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Min Yang ◽  
June-Yi Lee ◽  
Bin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Information Science ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Maritime Continent ◽  
Free Atmosphere ◽  
Plateau Uplift ◽  
Tibetan Plateau Uplift ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Upward Transport ◽  
Static Energy

Abstract The Tibetan Plateau (TP) and Himalayas have been treated as an essential external factor in shaping Asian monsoon and mid-latitude atmospheric circulation. In this study we perform numerical experiments with different uplift altitudes using the Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Earth System Model to examine potential impacts of uplift of the TP and Himalayas on eastward propagation of the MJO and the associated mechanisms. Analysis of experimental results with dynamics-based MJO diagnostics indicates two potential mechanisms. First, the uplift considerably enhances low-level mean westerlies in the Indian Ocean and convection in the Maritime Continent, which in turn strengthens boundary layer moisture convergence (BLMC) to the east of the MJO convective center. The increased BLMC reinforces upward transport of moisture and heat from BL to free atmosphere and increases lower tropospheric diabatic heating by shallow and congestus clouds ahead of the MJO center, enhancing the Kelvin-Rossby wave feedback. Second, the uplift increases upper tropospheric mean easterlies and stratiform heating at the west of the MJO center, which contributes to eastward propagation of MJO by generating positive moist static energy at the east of MJO center. This study will contribute to a better understanding of the origin of the MJO and improvement in simulation of MJO propagation.

scholarly journals Evolution of the Indian Monsoon System and Himalayan-Tibetan Plateau uplift during the Neogene

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil K Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Indian Monsoon ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Plateau Uplift ◽  
Monsoon System ◽  
Tibetan Plateau Uplift

DOI = 10.3126/hjs.v5i7.1260 Himalayan Journal of Sciences Vol.5(7) (Special Issue) 2008 p.58

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