scholarly journals Pleistocene reefs of the Egyptian Red Sea: environmental change and community persistence

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorraine R. Casazza
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Gulf Of Aqaba ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Coral Communities ◽  
History Of ◽  
Middle And Late Pleistocene ◽  
Reef Fauna ◽  
Reef Zones

The fossil record of Red Sea fringing reefs provides an opportunity to study the history of coral-reef survival and recovery in the context of extreme environmental change. The Middle Pleistocene, the Late Pleistocene, and modern reefs represent three periods of reef growth separated by glacial low stands during which conditions became difficult for symbiotic reef fauna. Coral diversity and paleoenvironments of eight Middle and Late Pleistocene fossil terraces are described and characterized here. Pleistocene reef zones closely resemble reef zones of the modern Red Sea. All but one species identified from Middle and Late Pleistocene outcrops are also found on modern Red Sea reefs despite the possible extinction of most coral over two-thirds of the Red Sea basin during glacial low stands. Refugia in the Gulf of Aqaba and southern Red Sea may have allowed for the persistence of coral communities across glaciation events. Stability of coral communities across these extreme climate events indicates that even small populations of survivors can repopulate large areas given appropriate water conditions and time.

scholarly journals Glacial history and palaeo-environmental change of southern Taimyr Peninsula, Arctic Russia, during the Middle and Late Pleistocene

2019 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 102832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Möller ◽  
Ívar Örn Benediktsson ◽  
Johanna Anjar ◽  
Ole Bennike ◽  
Martin Bernhardson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Taimyr Peninsula ◽  
Glacial History ◽  
Middle And Late Pleistocene ◽  
Arctic Russia

Late Pleistocene reef fauna from the Red Sea coast, Northwest Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 996-1009
Author(s):  
Abdelbaset Sabry El-Sorogy ◽  
Mohamed Youssef ◽  
Mazen Al-Malky
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Red Sea Coast ◽  
Reef Fauna ◽  
Sea Coast

scholarly journals The Eemian - local sequences, global perspectives: introduction

2000 ◽  
Vol 79 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 129-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thijs van Kolfschoten ◽  
Philip L. Gibbard
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Working Group ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Global Perspectives ◽  
European Literature ◽  
History Of

The history of this volume goes back to a 1973 INQUA congress in New Zealand, where an INQUA Commission of Stratigraphy working group on major subdivisions of the Pleistocene was established. The Pleistocene series/epoch was hitherto generally subdivided into the Lower/Early, Middle and Upper/Late Pleistocene (see, among others, Zeuner, 1935, 1959) but the boundaries between these subseries/subepochs were not formally defined. The boundary between the Early and Middle Pleistocene was, in the European literature, put at the base of the Cromerian Complex (Zagwijn, 1963) or at the Brunhes/Matuyama magnetic boundary (Richmond, 1996).

Early Pleistocene−to−present paleoclimate archive for the American Southwest from Stoneman Lake, Arizona, USA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spencer E. Staley ◽  
Peter J. Fawcett ◽  
R. Scott Anderson ◽  
Gonzalo Jiménez-Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
American Southwest ◽  
Early Pleistocene ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Middle And Late Pleistocene ◽  
Natural Climate

Long, continuous records of terrestrial paleoclimate offer insights into natural climate variability and provide context for geomorphological studies, climate model reconstructions, and predictions of future climate change. STL14 is an 80 m lacustrine sediment core that archives paleoenvironmental changes at Stoneman Lake, Coconino County, Arizona, from the early Pleistocene (ca. 1.3 Ma) to present. Full-core sedimentology was analyzed using smear slides and core face observations. Lithofacies strongly correlate with wet bulk density and bulk magnetic susceptibility (MS), and these data resemble a sawtooth pattern characteristic of glacial-interglacial climate cycles. A linkage between deep to shallow lake depth transitions and glacial terminations is supported by an age model that incorporates accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon dates and tephrochronology of ashes from the Lava Creek B and multiple Long Valley, California, volcanic eruptions. We correlated middle and late Pleistocene glacial maxima to deep lake deposits defined by well-preserved bedding, increased biosilica, boreal pollen taxa (i.e., Picea), and lower density and MS. Interglacial periods are associated with shallow-water deposits characterized by banded-to-massive siliciclastic material, some authigenic calcite, the alga Phacotus, and higher density and MS. Prior to the marine isotope stage (MIS) 24−22 interval, smaller-amplitude changes in the lake environment suggest milder glacial conditions compared to those of the middle and late Pleistocene. Thus, abrupt intensification of glacial conditions may have occurred ca. 900 ka in the American Southwest, mirroring a global characteristic of the mid-Pleistocene transition. The STL14 record suggests that lake environments throughout the history of this small (3.5 km2), internally drained, basaltic catchment are sensitive to the regional hydrologic balance, which, at orbital time scales, is largely influenced by the northern cryosphere and associated changes in atmospheric circulation. The predominance of quartz in sediment throughout the record indicates significant eolian inputs. Few paleoclimate records from this region extend beyond the last glacial cycle, let alone the middle Pleistocene, making STL14 a valuable resource for studying environmental responses to a range of natural climate states and transitions throughout much of the Quaternary.

Correlations between chaetodontid fishes and coral communities of the Gulf of Aqaba (Red Sea)

1989 ◽  
Vol 25 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 47-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolande Bouchon-Navaro ◽  
Claude Bouchon
Keyword(s):  
Red Sea ◽  
Gulf Of Aqaba ◽  
Coral Communities

Middle and Late Pleistocene environmental history of the Marsworth area, south-central England

2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian B. Murton ◽  
David Q. Bowen ◽  
Ian Candy ◽  
John A. Catt ◽  
Andrew Currant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental History ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
South Central ◽  
History Of ◽  
Middle And Late Pleistocene

scholarly journals Repeated ice streaming on the northwest Greenland shelf since the onset of the Middle Pleistocene Transition

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. W. Newton ◽  
Mads Huuse ◽  
Paul C. Knutz ◽  
David R. Cox ◽  
Simon H. Brocklehurst
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Greenland Ice Sheet ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Gradual Change ◽  
Ice Streams ◽  
Middle Pleistocene Transition ◽  
Middle And Late Pleistocene ◽  
Change In Mean

Abstract. Ice streams provide a fundamental control on ice sheet discharge and depositional patterns along glaciated margins. This paper investigates ancient ice streams by presenting the first 3D seismic geomorphological analysis of a major glacigenic succession offshore Greenland. In Melville Bugt, northwest Greenland, five sets of buried landforms have been interpreted as mega-scale glacial lineations (MSGL) and this record provides evidence for extensive ice streams on outer palaeo-shelves. A gradual change in mean MSGL orientation and associated depocentres suggests that the palaeo-ice flow and sediment transport pathways migrated in response to the evolving submarine topography. The stratigraphy and available chronology shows that the MSGL are confined to separate stratigraphic units and were most likely formed during several glacial stages since the onset of the Middle Pleistocene Transition at ~ 1.3 Ma. The ice streams in Melville Bugt were as extensive as elsewhere in Greenland during this transition, but, by the glacial stages of the Middle and Late Pleistocene, the ice streams in Melville Bugt appear to have repeatedly reached the palaeo-shelf edge. This suggests that the ice streams that occupied Melville Bugt during the Middle and Late Pleistocene were more active and extensive than elsewhere in Greenland. High-resolution buried 3D landform records such as these have not been previously observed anywhere on the Greenland shelf margin and provide a crucial benchmark for testing how accurately numerical models are able to recreate past configurations of the Greenland Ice Sheet.

scholarly journals Late Pleistocene Crocuta crocuta spelaea in Bulgaria: distribution and history of research (Carnivora: Hyaenidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-29
Author(s):  
Zlatozar Boev
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Scattered Data ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Crocuta Crocuta ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Mountain Regions ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
Karst Areas ◽  
History Of

The paper summarizes all scattered data from the last 116 years on the distribution of the Late Pleistocene cave hyena in Bulgaria, a part of them unpublished. Data from 24 fossil sites (Middle Pleistocene – Late Pleistocene) in the country are presented. The fossil record in Bulgaria proves the wide distribution of the species in the karst areas of the low-mountain regions of the country. Its Pleistocene localities are concentrated in the Predbalkan Mts. (83%), Strandja Mts. (8%), Western Rhodopes Mts. (4%) and southern Dobruja Plain (4%). They are situated at the altitudes between 136 and 1250 m a.s.l., about 75% of them at 136–400 m a. s. l. All (except one) Bulgarian sites represent former human dwellings, which indicates competition between man and this carnivore for the cave spaces.

scholarly journals Rediscovering Lutra lutra from Grotta Romanelli (southern Italy) in the framework of the puzzling evolutionary history of Eurasian otter

PalZ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beniamino Mecozzi ◽  
Alessio Iannucci ◽  
Fabio Bona ◽  
Ilaria Mazzini ◽  
Pierluigi Pieruccini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
Lutra Lutra ◽  
Multidisciplinary Research ◽  
Historical Collections ◽  
Eurasian Otter ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Late ◽  
Late Middle Pleistocene

AbstractA river otter hemimandible has been rediscovered during the revision of the historical collections of G.A. Blanc from Grotta Romanelli, complementing the ongoing multidisciplinary research fieldwork on the site. The specimen, recovered from the level G (“terre rosse”; early Late Pleistocene or late Middle Pleistocene), is here assigned to Lutra lutra. Indeed, morphological and morphometric comparisons with other Quaternary Lutrinae fossils from Europe allow to exclude an attribution to the relatively widespread and older Lutra simplicidens, characterized by distinctive carnassial proportions. Differences with Cyrnaonyx antiqua, which possessed a more robust, shellfish-feeding dentition, support the view of a successful niche repartition between the two species during the late Middle to Late Pleistocene of Europe. The occurrence of Lutra lutra from the “terre rosse” of Grotta Romanelli suggests deep modifications of the landscapes due to the ecological adaptation of the taxon, and indicates that the Eurasian otter spread into Europe at the Middle–Late Pleistocene transition.

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