scholarly journals Drosophilachemmutations disrupt epithelial polarity in Drosophila embryos

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2731
Author(s):  
José M. Zamudio-Arroyo ◽  
Juan R. Riesgo-Escovar
Keyword(s):  
Similar Pattern ◽  
Gene Discovery ◽  
Dorsal Closure ◽  
Epithelial Polarity ◽  
Developmental Gene ◽  
Drosophila Embryogenesis ◽  
Powerful System ◽  
Maternal Contribution ◽  
New Alleles ◽  
Drosophila Embryos

Drosophila embryogenesis has proven to be an extremely powerful system for developmental gene discovery and characterization. We isolated five new EMS-induced alleles that do not complement thel(3R)5G83lethal line isolated in the Nüsslein-Volhard and Wieschaus screens. We have named this locuschem. Lethality of the new alleles as homozygous zygotic mutants is not completely penetrant, and they have an extended phenocritical period. Like the original allele, a fraction of mutant embryos die with cuticular defects, notably head involution and dorsal closure defects. Embryonic defects are much more extreme in germline clones, where the majority of mutant embryos die during embryogenesis and do not form cuticle, implying a strongchemmaternal contribution.chemmutations genetically interact with mutations in cytoskeletal genes (arm) and with mutations in the epithelial polarity genescoracle, crumbs,andyurt.chemmutants dorsal open defects are similar to those present inyurtmutants, and, likewise, they have epithelial polarity defects.chem1andchem3mutations suppressyurt3, andchem3mutants suppresscrumbs1mutations. In contrast,chem1andcoracle2mutations enhance each other. Compared to controls, inchemmutants in embryonic lateral epithelia Crumbs expression is mislocalized and reduced, Coracle is increased and mislocalized basally at embryonic stages 13–14, then reduced at stage 16. Arm expression has a similar pattern but levels are reduced.

scholarly journals Sequential Roles of Cdc42, Par-6, aPKC, and Lgl in the Establishment of Epithelial Polarity during Drosophila Embryogenesis

2004 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 845-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Hutterer ◽  
Joerg Betschinger ◽  
Mark Petronczki ◽  
Juergen A Knoblich
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Polarity ◽  
Drosophila Embryogenesis

Homeotic genes regulate the spatial expression of putative growth factors in the visceral mesoderm of Drosophila embryos

Development ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. 1031-1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Reuter ◽  
G.E. Panganiban ◽  
F.M. Hoffmann ◽  
M.P. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Homeotic Genes ◽  
Visceral Mesoderm ◽  
Drosophila Embryogenesis ◽  
Growth Factor Genes ◽  
Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Drosophila Embryos

During Drosophila embryogenesis homeotic genes control the developmental diversification of body structures. The genes probably coordinate the expression of as yet unidentified target genes that carry out cell differentiation processes. At least four homeotic genes expressed in the visceral mesoderm are required for midgut morphogenesis. In addition, two growth factor homologs are expressed in specific regions of the visceral mesoderm surrounding the midgut epithelium. One of these, decapentaplegic (dpp), is a member of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) family; the other, wingless (wg), is a relative of the mammalian proto-oncogene int-1. Here we show that the spatially restricted expression of dpp in the visceral mesoderm is regulated by the homeotic genes Ubx and abd-A. Ubx is required for the expression of dpp while abd-A represses dpp. One consequence of dpp expression is the induction of labial (lab) in the underlying endoderm cells. In addition, abd-A function is required for the expression of wg in the visceral mesoderm posterior to the dpp-expressing cells. The two growth factor genes therefore are excellent candidates for target genes that are directly regulated by the homeotic genes.

Multiscale fracture mechanics model for the dorsal closure in Drosophila embryogenesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 154-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Gao ◽  
Shi-Lei Xue ◽  
Qinghua Meng ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
Xi-Qiao Feng
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Mechanics ◽  
Dorsal Closure ◽  
Drosophila Embryogenesis ◽  
Mechanics Model

scholarly journals A Functional Genomic Screen Combined with Time-Lapse Microscopy Uncovers a Novel Set of Genes Involved in Dorsal Closure of Drosophila Embryos

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. e22229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferenc Jankovics ◽  
László Henn ◽  
Ágnes Bujna ◽  
Péter Vilmos ◽  
Nóra Kiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Lapse ◽  
Dorsal Closure ◽  
Functional Genomic ◽  
Time Lapse Microscopy ◽  
Genomic Screen ◽  
Drosophila Embryos

scholarly journals The dynamic transmission of positional information in stau- mutants during Drosophila embryogenesis

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Yang ◽  
Hongcun Zhu ◽  
Kakit Kong ◽  
Xiaoxuan Wu ◽  
Jiayi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Time Windows ◽  
Positional Information ◽  
Intensity Noise ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Drosophila Embryogenesis ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Embryo Length ◽  
Drosophila Embryos

It has been suggested that Staufen (Stau) is key in controlling the variability of the posterior boundary of the Hb anterior domain (xHb). However, the mechanism that underlies this control is elusive. Here, we quantified the dynamic 3D expression of segmentation genes in Drosophila embryos. With improved control of measurement errors, we show that the xHb of stau– mutants reproducibly moves posteriorly by 10% of the embryo length (EL) to the wild type (WT) position in the nuclear cycle (nc) 14, and that its variability over short time windows is comparable to that of the WT. Moreover, for stau– mutants, the upstream Bicoid (Bcd) gradients show equivalent relative intensity noise to that of the WT in nc12–nc14, and the downstream Even-skipped (Eve) and cephalic furrow (CF) show the same positional errors as these factors in WT. Our results indicate that threshold-dependent activation and self-organized filtering are not mutually exclusive and could both be implemented in early Drosophila embryogenesis.

scholarly journals DNA replication times the cell cycle and contributes to the mid-blastula transition in Drosophila embryos

2009 ◽  
Vol 187 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark L. McCleland ◽  
Antony W. Shermoen ◽  
Patrick H. O'Farrell
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Dna Replication ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
S Phase ◽  
Cycle Progression ◽  
Replication Checkpoint ◽  
Drosophila Embryogenesis ◽  
Zygotic Transcription ◽  
Phase Cycle ◽  
Drosophila Embryos

We examined the contribution of S phase in timing cell cycle progression during Drosophila embryogenesis using an approach that deletes S phase rather than arresting its progress. Injection of Drosophila Geminin, an inhibitor of replication licensing, prevented subsequent replication so that the following mitosis occurred with uninemic chromosomes, which failed to align. The effect of S phase deletion on interphase length changed with development. During the maternally regulated syncytial blastoderm cycles, deleting S phase shortened interphase, and deletion of the last of blastoderm S phase (cycle 14) induced an extra synchronous division and temporarily deferred mid-blastula transition (MBT) events. In contrast, deleting S phase after the MBT in cycle 15 did not dramatically affect mitotic timing, which appears to retain its dependence on developmentally programmed zygotic transcription. We conclude that normal S phase and replication checkpoint activities are important timers of the undisturbed cell cycle before, but not after, the MBT.

scholarly journals Developmental Gene Discovery in a Hemimetabolous Insect: De Novo Assembly and Annotation of a Transcriptome for the Cricket Gryllus bimaculatus

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. e61479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Zeng ◽  
Ben Ewen-Campen ◽  
Hadley W. Horch ◽  
Siegfried Roth ◽  
Taro Mito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
De Novo Assembly ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Gene Discovery ◽  
Developmental Gene ◽  
Gryllus Bimaculatus ◽  
Hemimetabolous Insect

Patterns of engrailed protein in early Drosophila embryos

Development ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.L. Karr ◽  
M.P. Weir ◽  
Z. Ali ◽  
T. Kornberg
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
Blot Analysis ◽  
Western Blot Analysis ◽  
Posterior Compartment ◽  
Stripe Pattern ◽  
Morphological Abnormalities ◽  
Cleavage Cycle ◽  
Drosophila Embryogenesis ◽  
Nuclear Cycle ◽  
Drosophila Embryos

By the onset of gastrulation during nuclear cycle 14 of Drosophila embryogenesis, the engrailed gene is expressed in fourteen one-cell-wide stripes. Each stripe defines the anlagen of the posterior compartment of a metameric segment. We report here several observations relating to the role and disposition of the engrailed protein during the embryonic stages that precede cellularization. We demonstrate that in embryos mutant for the engrailed gene, there were characteristic morphological abnormalities as early as the 6th cleavage cycle. In addition, the engrailed protein was detected in pre-cycle-9 embryos by Western blot analysis. When localization of engrailed protein begins during cycle 14, engrailed expression was first present in broad anterior and posterior regions before the fourteen-stripe pattern appeared.

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