scholarly journals Biotransformation ofMomordica charantiafresh juice byLactobacillus plantarumBET003 and its putative anti-diabetic potential

PeerJ ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. e1376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhaneen Afzal Mazlan ◽  
M. Suffian M. Annuar ◽  
Yusrizam Sharifuddin
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacterium ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Momordica Charantia ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Agitation Rate

Lactobacillus plantarumBET003 isolated fromMomordica charantiafruit was used to ferment its juice.Momordica charantiafresh juice was able to support good growth of the lactic acid bacterium. High growth rate and cell viability were obtained without further nutrient supplementation. In stirred tank reactor batch fermentation, agitation rate showed significant effect on specific growth rate of the bacterium in the fruit juice. After the fermentation, initially abundant momordicoside 23-O-β-Allopyranosyle-cucurbita-5,24-dien-7α,3β,22(R),23(S)-tetraol-3-O-β-allopyranoside was transformed into its corresponding aglycone in addition to the emergence of new metabolites. The fermentedM. charantiajuice consistently reduced glucose production by 27.2%, 14.5%, 17.1% and 19.2% at 15-minute intervals respectively, when compared against the negative control. This putative anti-diabetic activity can be attributed to the increase in availability and concentration of aglycones as well as other phenolic compounds resulting from degradation of glycosidic momordicoside. Biotransformation ofM. charantiafruit juice via lactic acid bacterium fermentation reduced its bitterness, reduced its sugar content, produced aglycones and other metabolites as well as improved its inhibition ofα-glucosidase activity compared with the fresh, non-fermented juice.

PERTUMBUHAN BENIH LELE MUTIARA (Clarias gariepenus) DI PT. INDOSCO DWI JAYA (FARM FISH BOOSTER CENTRE) SIDOARJO, JAWA TIMUR

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
Sandy Zakheos Matasina ◽  
Sartika Tangguda
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
High Growth ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Growth Monitoring ◽  
Larval Rearing ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Water Quality Control ◽  
Egg Hatching

Mutiara catfish (Clarias gariepenus) is a cross breeding combination of four African catfish strains that have the advantage of relatively complete cultivation performance, one of which has a high growth rate compared to other strains. This study aims to examine the growth of Mutiara catfish seeds so that they can support the availability and sustainability of this super seed. This research is descriptive study with survey method. This research begins with the preparation of the equipments and maintenance media, the maintenance of the broodstock, the spawning process, the egg hatching process, larval rearing and nursery, growth monitoring, and harvesting. Data were analyzed descriptively including weight, length, ADG, and biomass data at the ages of 14, 21, and 28 days. Based on the results of the study, it was seen that there was an increase in weight and length of Mutiara catfish seeds, namely 0.9 grams; 1.6 grams; and 2.8 grams for the weight of seeds, while 0.82 cm; 2.40 cm; and 3.90 cm for the length of the seeds, on the 14th, 21st, and 28th days respectively. Based on these data, it can be seen that the seed growth rate has also increased, namely 0.005 grams; 0.100 grams; and 0.170 grams so that the biomass also increased to 94.27 kg; 167.60 kg; and 277.86 kg. Based on the results of this study, it can be seen that Mutiara catfish seeds have good growth, seen from the ADG and Biomass values which have increased during monitoring. This good growth increase is due to good feeding and good water quality control.

scholarly journals Drug-Herb Interaction between Metformin and Momordica charantia in Diabetic Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Asri Dwi Endah Dewi Pramesthi ◽  
Mirhansyah Ardana ◽  
Niken Indriyanti
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Momordica Charantia ◽  
Bitter Gourd ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Glucose Lowering ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Bitter gourd has various metabolites, such as momordicosides, polypeptide-P, v-insulin, charantin, and vicine that have antidiabetic effect. It has synergistically effect while combined with oral diabetic drugs, such as metformin as glucose lowering agent. The aim of this study is to investigate the interaction of bitter gourd fruit juice and metformin as glucose lowering agent in mice.Materials and Methods: Alloxan-induced diabetic mice were treated with bitter gourd fruit juice, metformin, and the combination of those two for 21 days. Glucose level was checked on first and last day of treatment.Results: Furthermore, blood glucose levels measurement showed no significant difference between groups compared with negative control, which was p>0.05. The stomach of groups that treated with metformin and bitter gourd fruit juice histopathologically showed no significant differences.Conclusion: The use of bitter gourd once daily together with metformin is a better choice, while twice daily might induce hypoglycemia and mice death. There is no interaction between them on lowering blood glucose.Keywords: metformin, Momordica charantia, diabetes mellitus

scholarly journals Improved Adaptation to Cold-Shock, Stationary-Phase, and Freezing Stresses in Lactobacillus plantarum Overproducing Cold-Shock Proteins

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 4285-4290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylviane Derzelle ◽  
Bernard Hallet ◽  
Thierry Ferain ◽  
Jean Delcour ◽  
Pascal Hols
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacterium ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Cold Adaptation ◽  
Cold Shock ◽  
Cold Shock Proteins ◽  
Adaptation To Cold ◽  
Shock Proteins

ABSTRACT We have investigated the effect of overproducing each of the three cold shock proteins (CspL, CspP, and CspC) in the mesophilic lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus plantarum NC8. CspL overproduction transiently alleviated the reduction in growth rate triggered by exposing exponentially growing cells to cold shock (8°C), suggesting that CspL is involved in cold adaptation. The strain overproducing CspC resumed growth more rapidly when stationary-phase cultures were diluted into fresh medium, indicating a role in the adaptation and recovery of nutritionally deprived cells. Overproduction of CspP led to an enhanced capacity to survive freezing.

scholarly journals Growth intensity and antibacterial properties of Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus durans strains isolated from traditional Carpathian brynza

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (92) ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
I. I. Kuchnir ◽  
O. Y. Tsisaryk ◽  
I. M. Slyvka ◽  
L. Y. Musiy ◽  
I. M. Kuchnir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Lactose Fermentation

The article presents the results of the study the ability of four not studied strains of enterococci (E. durans, SB6, E. faecium SB12, E. durans SB18, E. durans SB20), which were isolated from the Carpathian brynza, to reduce the acidity of medium of cultivation, the rate of biomass accumulation and the ability to exhibit antagonistic properties to the opportunistic microflora. Lactic acid and minor compounds are producing in a result of lactose fermentation, which form the specific taste and aroma properties of the product. The activity of acid formation has crucial because it directly connected with the coagulation of proteins and the prevention of the growing of extraneous microflora. Therefore, the rate of acidity increasing of the medium is one of the most important characteristics in selection of strains of lactic acid bacteria for the manufacture of dairy products. High growth rate, resistance to the contamination of extraneous microflora and preservation of their properties in the finished product are the technological properties of the strains. The inhibition of the growth of pathogenic cultures of microorganisms is the main probiotic functions of beneficial bacteria namely antagonistic activity. It was found, that the strain E. durans SB20 manifested the highest ability to increase the acidity of the medium under the cultivation for 24 hours at 37 °C as it reduced the pH on 30.3 %, and the strain E. durans SB18 increased the acidity on 29.9 %. Under 48 hours strains E. durans SB20 and SB18 increased the acidity on 31.1 and 30.5 % (P< 0.001) respectively compared with the control. The growth rate of stains E. durans SB20 and E. durans SB18 were in 18,0 and 17,6 times higher than in control under the cultivation for 24 hours at 37 °C, the optical density were in 18.3 and 18.2 times higher respectively than in the control sample under the cultivation for 48 hours at the same temperature. Furthermore, strains of enterococci showed antagonistic properties against conditionally pathogenic cultures of microorganisms on 24 and 48 hour of cultivation. In addition, it was found that with an increasing temperature of the antagonistic activity of the strains cultivation increased. Obviously, it was connected that more biologically active substances and microbial secondary metabolites are formed under the longer cultivation and higher temperatures. In particular on 48 hours at 37 °C almost of all the tested strains showed moderate antagonistic activity against E. coli, S. enteritidis, E. aerogenes, P. mirabilis and P. aeruginosa. However, all four strains didn`t have antagonistic activity against the test-strain S. aureus.

scholarly journals Protective effect of titanium tetrafluoride and silver diamine fluoride on radiation-induced dentin caries in vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Martines de Souza ◽  
Mayara Souza Silva ◽  
Aline Silva Braga ◽  
Patrícia Sanches Kerges Bueno ◽  
Paulo Sergio da Silva Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Lactic Acid Production ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Titanium Tetrafluoride ◽  
Silver Diamine Fluoride ◽  
Dentin Caries ◽  
Radiation Induced

AbstractThis in vitro study evaluated the protective effect of titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) varnish and silver diamine fluoride (SDF) solution on the radiation-induced dentin caries. Bovine root dentin samples were irradiated (70 Gy) and treated as follows: (6 h): 4% TiF4 varnish; 5.42% NaF varnish; 30% SDF solution; placebo varnish; or untreated (negative control). Microcosm biofilm was produced from human dental biofilm (from patients with head-neck cancer) mixed with McBain saliva for the first 8 h. After 16 h and from day 2 to day 5, McBain saliva (0.2% sucrose) was replaced daily (37 °C, 5% CO2) (biological triplicate). Demineralization was quantified by transverse microradiography (TMR), while biofilm was analyzed by using viability, colony-forming units (CFU) counting and lactic acid production assays. The data were statistically analyzed by ANOVA (p < 0.05). TiF4 and SDF were able to reduce mineral loss compared to placebo and the negative control. TiF4 and SDF significantly reduced the biofilm viability compared to negative control. TiF4 significantly reduced the CFU count of total microorganism, while only SDF affected total streptococci and mutans streptococci counts. The varnishes induced a reduction in lactic acid production compared to the negative control. TiF4 and SDF may be good alternatives to control the development of radiation-induced dentin caries.

Exploring SiC Growth Limitation of Vapor-Liquid-Solid Mechanism when Using Two Different Carbon Precursors

2013 ◽  
Vol 740-742 ◽  
pp. 323-326
Author(s):  
Kassem Alassaad ◽  
François Cauwet ◽  
Davy Carole ◽  
Véronique Soulière ◽  
Gabriel Ferro
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
High Growth ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Carbon Precursor ◽  
Growth Limitation ◽  
Vapor Liquid Solid ◽  
Partial Pressures ◽  
Vapor Liquid Solid Mechanism ◽  
Vls Growth ◽  
Vapor Liquid

Abstract. In this paper, conditions for obtaining high growth rate during epitaxial growth of SiC by vapor-liquid-solid mechanism are investigated. The alloys studied were Ge-Si, Al-Si and Al-Ge-Si with various compositions. Temperature was varied between 1100 and 1300°C and the carbon precursor was either propane or methane. The variation of layers thickness was studied at low and high precursor partial pressure. It was found that growth rates obtained with both methane and propane are rather similar at low precursor partial pressures. However, when using Ge based melts, the use of high propane flux leads to the formation of a SiC crust on top of the liquid, which limits the growth by VLS. But when methane is used, even at extremely high flux (up to 100 sccm), no crust could be detected on top of the liquid while the deposit thickness was still rather small (between 1.12 μm and 1.30 μm). When using Al-Si alloys, no crust was also observed under 100 sccm methane but the thickness was as high as 11.5 µm after 30 min growth. It is proposed that the upper limitation of VLS growth rate depends mainly on C solubility of the liquid phase.

scholarly journals Effect of lactic acid bacteria on Listeria monocytogenes infection and innate immunity in rabbits

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heping Zhao ◽  
Feike Zhang ◽  
Jun Chai ◽  
Jianping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Listeriolysin O ◽  
Serum Iga ◽  
Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Spleen And Lymph Nodes ◽  
Proinflammatory Factors

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) addition on Listeria monocytogenes translocation and its toxin listeriolysin O (LLO), proinflammatory factors, immune organ indexes and serum immunoglobulins in farmed rabbits. Five treatments included negative control (NC), positive control (PC) with L. monocytogenes infection and supplemental LAB at 3.0 × 10<sup>6 </sup>(low-LAB, L-LAB), 3.0 × 10<sup>8</sup> (medium-LAB, M-LAB) and 3.0 × 10<sup>10 </sup>(high-LAB, H-LAB) CFU/kg of diet, respectively. The LAB was a mixture of equal amounts of Lactobacillus acidophilus (ACCC11073), Lactobacillus plantarum (CICC21863) and Enterococcus faecium (CICC20430). A total of 180 weaned rabbits (negative for L. monocytogenes) were randomly assigned to 5 groups with 6 replicates of 6 rabbits each in response to the 5 treatments. L. monocytogenes infection occurred on the first day of feeding trial and dietary LAB supplementation lasted for 14 days. The results showed that on days 7 and 14 post administration, L. monocytogenes in caecum, liver, spleen and lymph nodes was reduced in M-LAB and H-LAB compared to PC (P &lt; 0.05), and linear and quadratic reducing trends were found in liver on day 7 (P ≤ 0.002). On day 14, mucosa LLO mRNA expression and serum TNFα, IL1β and IFNγ were reduced in the three LAB treatments (P &lt; 0.05), and linear and quadratic trends were found on TNFα and IL1β (P ≤ 0.025); indexes of thymus and spleen, serum IgA and IgG were increased in the LAB treatments (P &lt; 0.05). It is concluded that LAB can be used to alleviate L. monocytogenes infection and to improve the immune function of farmed animals.

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