scholarly journals Assessment of antimycobacterial activities of pure compounds extracted from Thai medicinal plants against clarithromycin-resistant Mycobacterium abscessus

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12391
Author(s):  
Auttawit Sirichoat ◽  
Irin Kham-ngam ◽  
Orawee Kaewprasert ◽  
Pimjai Ananta ◽  
Awat Wisetsai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Antimycobacterial Activity ◽  
Mycobacterium Abscessus ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
Clarithromycin Resistance ◽  
Pure Compounds

Background Infection with Mycobacterium abscessus is usually chronic and is associated with clarithromycin resistance. Increasing drug resistance is a major public-health problem and has led to the search for new antimycobacterial agents. We evaluated the antimycobacterial activity, toxicity, and synergistic effects of several plant secondary metabolites against M. abscessus. Methods Twenty-three compounds were evaluated for antimycobacterial activity against thirty M. abscessus clinical isolates by broth microdilution to determine their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values. Toxicity was evaluated using red and white blood cells (RBCs and WBCs). The compounds were used in combination with clarithromycin to investigate the possibility of synergistic activity. Results Five out of twenty-three compounds (RL008, RL009, RL011, RL012 and RL013) exhibited interesting antimycobacterial activity against M. abscessus, with MIC values ranging from <1 to >128 μg/mL. These extracts did not induce hemolytic effect on RBCs and displayed low toxicity against WBCs. The five least-toxic compounds were tested for synergism with clarithromycin against seven isolates with inducible clarithromycin resistance and seven with acquired clarithromycin resistance. The best synergistic results against these isolates were observed for RL008 and RL009 (8/14 isolates; 57%). Conclusions This study demonstrated antimycobacterial and synergistic activities of pure compounds extracted from medicinal plants against clarithromycin-resistant M. abscessus. This synergistic action, together with clarithromycin, may be effective for treating infections and should be further studied for the development of novel antimicrobial agents.

Medicinal Plants and Bioactive Compounds for Diabetes Management: Important Advances for Drug Discovery

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kondeti Ramudu Shanmugam ◽  
Bhasha Shanmugam ◽  
Gangigunta Venkatasubbaiah ◽  
Sahukari Ravi ◽  
Kesireddy Sathyavelu Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Major Public Health Problem

Background : Diabetes is a major public health problem in the world. It affects each and every part of the human body and also leads to organ failure. Hence, great progress made in the field of herbal medicine and diabetic research. Objectives: Our review will focus on the effect of bioactive compounds of medicinal plants which are used to treat diabetes in India and other countries. Methods: Information regarding diabetes, oxidative stress, medicinal plants and bioactive compounds were collected from different search engines like Science direct, Springer, Wiley online library, Taylor and francis, Bentham Science, Pubmed and Google scholar. Data was analyzed and summarized in the review. Results and Conclusion: Anti-diabetic drugs that are in use have many side effects on vital organs like heart, liver, kidney and brain. There is an urgent need for alternative medicine to treat diabetes and their disorders. In India and other countries herbal medicine was used to treat diabetes. Many herbal plants have antidiabetic effects. The plants like ginger, phyllanthus, curcumin, aswagandha, aloe, hibiscus and curcuma showed significant anti-hyperglycemic activities in experimental models and humans. The bioactive compounds like Allicin, azadirachtin, cajanin, curcumin, querceitin, gingerol possesses anti-diabetic, antioxidant and other pharmacological properties. This review focuses on the role of bioactive compounds of medicinal plants in prevention and management of diabetes. Conclusion: Moreover, our review suggests that bioactive compounds have the potential therapeutic potential against diabetes. However, further in vitro and in vivo studies are needed to validate these findings.

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: Medicinal Plants Used in Sefrou City (Center of Morocco), a Focus of Leishmaniasis

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 187-194
Author(s):  
I. Zeouk ◽  
A. El Ouali Lalami ◽  
Y. Ezzoubi ◽  
K. Derraz ◽  
M. Balouiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Parasitic Disease ◽  
City Center ◽  
Cutaneous Eruption ◽  
Cistus Salviifolius ◽  
Berberis Hispanica

Sefrou city, located in the center of Morocco, is a focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis which constitutes a major public health problem. The majority of the rural local population resorts to herbal medicine to cure this parasitic disease. The aim of this study, which has never been undertaken in Sefrou area, was to document the list of medicinal plants used for treating cutaneous leishmaniasis and to verify if their leishmanicidal activity is mentioned in the literature. The current ethnopharmacological study was conducted using a questionnaire based on informations about anti-cutaneous eruption plants used by the local population and prescribed by the herbalists. The present work has taken into consideration the representation of the plant name (local and scientific), the used part, the mode of preparation and administration. A total of 17 plant species belonging to 12 families were mentioned: the Lamiaceae family was the most represented (29.4%) with 5 species, followed by the Myrtaceae family (11.8%) with 2 species. For the rest of the 10 families, they were represented with the same percent (5.9%) which means one species per family. According to the calculated frequency index (FI), the most recommended species were the following: Lavandula dentata (FI = 93.75%), Berberis hispanica (FI = 87.5%), Cistus salviifolius (IF = 87.5%), Crataegus oxyacantha (FI = 81.25%), and Ephedra altissima (FI = 75%). Leaves (29.4%) and flowers (23.5%) were the favored used parts. Decoction (58.82 %) was the most frequently used method to prepare remedies which are taken externally (64.7%). These medicinal plants can be a source of natural leishmanicidal drugs – some of them have already been confirmed experimentally in the bibliography. More indepth investigations must be undertaken to assess the antileishmanial potential of the inventoried plants.

scholarly journals Anti-Plasmodium falciparum Activity of Extracts from 10 Cameroonian Medicinal Plants

Medicines ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toghueo Rufin Marie ◽  
Heroine Mbetyoumoun Mfouapon ◽  
Eugenie Madiesse Kemgne ◽  
Cedric Jiatsa Mbouna ◽  
Patrick Tsouh Fokou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Antiplasmodial Activity ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Isolation And Identification

Background: In the midst of transient victories by way of insecticides against mosquitoes or drugs against malaria, the most serious form of malaria, caused by Plasmodium falciparum, continues to be a major public health problem. The emergence of drug-resistant malaria parasites facilitated by fake medications or the use of single drugs has worsened the situation, thereby emphasizing the need for a continued search for potent, safe, and affordable new antimalarial treatments. In line with this need, we have investigated the antiplasmodial activity of 66 different extracts prepared from 10 different medicinal plants that are native to Cameroon. Methods: Extracts were evaluated for their capacity to inhibit the growth of the chloroquine-sensitive (Pf3D7) and resistant (PfINDO) strains of P. falciparum using the SYBR green fluorescence method. The cytotoxicity of promising extracts against human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293T) mammalian cells was assessed by MTT assay. Results: The antiplasmodial activity (50% inhibitory concentration, IC50) of plant extracts ranged from 1.90 to >100 μg/mL against the two strains. Six extracts exhibited good activity against both Pf3D7 and PfINDO strains, including cold water, water decoction, and ethyl acetate extracts of leaves of Drypetes principum (Müll.Arg.) Hutch. (IC503D7/INDO = 4.91/6.64 μg/mL, 5.49/5.98 μg/mL, and 6.49/7.10 μg/mL respectively), water decoction extract of leaves of Terminalia catappa L. (IC503D7/INDO = 6.41/8.10 μg/mL), and water decoction extracts of leaves and bark of Terminalia mantaly H.Perrier (IC503D7/INDO = 2.49/1.90 μg/mL and 3.70/2.80 μg/mL respectively). These promising extracts showed no cytotoxicity against HEK293T up to 200 μg/mL, giving selectivity indices (SIs) in the range of >31.20–80.32. Conclusions: While providing credence to the use of D. principum, T. catappa, and T. mantaly in the traditional treatment of malaria, the results achieved set the stage for isolation and identification of active principles and ancillary molecules that may provide us with new drugs or drug combinations to fight against drug-resistant malaria.

scholarly journals Larvicidal Activity against Aedes Aegypti of Foeniculum Vulgare Essential Oils from Portugal and Cape Verde

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diara Kady Rocha ◽  
Olivia Matos ◽  
Maria Teresa Novo ◽  
Ana Cristina Figueiredo ◽  
Manuel Delgado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Pure Compounds

Dengue is a potentially fatal mosquito-borne infection with 50 million cases per year and 2.5 billion people vulnerable to the disease. This major public health problem has recurrent epidemics in Latin America and occurred recently in Cape Verde and Madeira Island. The lack of anti-viral treatment or vaccine makes the control of mosquito vectors a high option to prevent virus transmission. Essential oil (EO) constituents can affect insect's behaviour, being potentially effective in pest control. The present study evaluated the potential use of Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) EO in the control of the dengue vector Aedes aegypti. EOs isolated from fennel aerial parts collected in Cape Verde and from a commercial fennel EO of Portugal were analysed by NMR, GC and GC-MS. trans-Anethole (32 and 30%, respectively), limonene (28 and 18%, respectively) and fenchone (10% in both cases) were the main compounds identified in the EOs isolated from fennel from Cape Verde and Portugal, respectively. The larvicidal activity of the EOs and its major constituents were evaluated, using WHO procedures, against third instar larvae of Ae. aegypti for 24 h. Pure compounds, such as limonene isomers, were also assayed. The lethal concentrations LC50, LC90 and LC99 were determined by probit analysis using mortality rates of bioassays. A 99% mortality of Ae. aegypti larvae was estimated at 37.1 and 52.4 μL L−1 of fennel EOs from Cape Verde and Portugal, respectively. Bioassays showed that fennel EOs from both countries displayed strong larvicidal effect against Ae. aegypti, the Cape Verde EO being as active as one of its major constituents, (-)-limonene.

scholarly journals Hyptis brevipes AND Paullinia pinnata EXTRACTS AND THEIR FRACTIONS PRESENTING ACTIVITY AGAINST Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. massiliense

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-160
Author(s):  
Rogério Coutinho Das Neves ◽  
Rayanny Gomes Andrade ◽  
Carlos Alexandre Carollo ◽  
Amanda Galdi Boaretto ◽  
Andre Kipnis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Antimycobacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Mycobacterium Abscessus ◽  
Minimal Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Emerging Pathogen ◽  
Underdeveloped Countries ◽  
Medicinal Plant Extracts ◽  
Bactericidal Function ◽  
Brazilian Medicinal Plants

Medicinal plants are of great interest for the discovery of new biomolecules with diversified effects. Over the last decade different outbreaks caused by Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. massiliense have been reported, evidencing it as an important emerging pathogen in underdeveloped countries. This study investigated the antimycobacterial activity of six Brazilian medicinal plant extracts and their fractions. Hyptis brevipes, Tocoyena formosa, Randia armata, Paullinia pinnata, Lafoensia pacari and Anadenanthera colubrina were evaluated against M. a. massiliense. Total extracts from the medicinal plants H. brevipes, T. formosa, P. pinnata and L. pacari presented a minimal bactericidal concentration of 1 mg/mL. After fractioning, the ethanolic fractions from H. brevipes and P. pinnata presented bactericidal activity, and the ethyl acetate fraction from H. brevipes and T. formosa presented antimycobacterial action. The best bactericidal function of all plant fractions was the ethanolic, which contained rutin and rosmarinic acid that were shown to have microbicidal activity. KEY WORDS: Mycobacterium abscessus; medicinal plants; Brazilian medicinal plants; HPLCand biodiversity.

scholarly journals Ethnopharmacological survey of medicinal plants used to treat cutaneous leishmaniasis in Ain Sekhouna, Saida, Algeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 10961
Author(s):  
Asmaa AMARI ◽  
Kadda HACHEM ◽  
Maya M. HASSANI
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Natural Remedies ◽  
Western Algeria ◽  
Cade Oil ◽  
Natural Medicines

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a common anthropozoonosis and a major public health problem in Algeria. Therefore, we conducted an ethnopharmacological survey in the locality of Ain Sekhouna (located in the highlands of western Algeria), one of the foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis. We aimed to identify the medicinal plants and natural remedies used by the local population to treatment cutaneous leishmaniasis. We identified three plant species, belonging to three distinct families, used as natural remedies against the disease, namely, Haloxylon scoparium Pomel (Chenopodiaceae, 73%), Artemisia herba-alba Asso. (Asteraceae, 18%), and Camellia sinensis L. (Theaceae, 9%). Additionally, 35% of the plant-based medicines mostly comprised the powdered form of the aerial parts of the plant. According to the respondents, the powder is combined with butter, cade oil, or honey and is applied exogenously on the skin. Overall, these medicinal plants can be used as a source of natural medicines, in combination with commonly used dermatological excipients, to treat cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Ethnomedicinal Plants Used for the Treatment of Rabies in Ethiopian Traditional Medical Practices: a review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
samuel chane teferi
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Phytolacca Dodecandra ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Health Burdens ◽  
Policy Incentives

Abstract Background Rabies is a zoonotic disease affecting a wide range of wild and domestic animals, including livestocks.It is a major public-health problem which presents huge economic and health burdens in most parts of the developing world. The objective of this review was to prepare a compiled checklist of medicinal plants used traditionally for the management of rabies from various ethnobotanical, ethno pharmacological, and related studies in Ethiopia. Methods A website-based search strategy was employed. Databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Research Gate, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science) were searched for published studies. The search items used were“medicinal plants”, “traditional medicines”, and “Ethiopia or Indigenous people.” A descriptive statistical method, percentage and frequency were used to analyze ethno-botanical data on reported medicinal plants and associated indigenous knowledge. The results were presented using charts and tables. Results Eighty medicinal plant species which belong to 43 families and 68 genera were found to be used in the treatment of rabies in Ethiopia. Those medicinal plants were distributed in Amhara, Oromia and Southern nation, nationalities and peoples of Ethiopia.Cucurbitaceae and Euphorbiaceae, represented by 7 species (8.75%), Solanaceae represented by 6 (7.5%) species. Phytolacca dodecandra and Justicia schimperianawere the most used/cited plant species. The habit forms of the plant species were herbs 18 (22.5%), shrubs 17 (21.25%) and while the most commonly used parts of the plant were 42% roots and 15% leaf. Conclusions According to the review there are many medicinal plants for the treatment of rabies. It is recommended to perform phytochemical screening for most reported plants.Ethiopia requires an enforceable policy that protects wild medicinal plants and policy incentives for the cultivation of medicinal plants to reduce overexploitation.

scholarly journals Attitude and awareness of medicinal plants in treatment of kidney lithiasis in eastern Morocco: a retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
Bouchra El Guerrouj ◽  
Noureddine Bencheikh ◽  
Mohamed Bouhrim ◽  
Loubna Kharchoufa ◽  
Hayat Ouassou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Urtica Dioica ◽  
Petroselinum Crispum ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Renal Lithiasis ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Eastern Morocco

Summary Introduction: Kidney stone is a major public health problem. Over 5% of the population is affected by kidney stones, with causes a lifetime risk of transmitting renal lithiasis of about 8 to 10%. Objective: The goal of our study is the attitude and awareness of lithiasis patients regarding the use of medicinal plants in eastern Morocco. Methods: We carried out a study on lithiasis patients to retrospectively identify medicinal plants used in this disease, using a pre-established questionnaire. The study was carried out from 10 December 2017 to 28 February 2018. Results: Our survey describes several medicinal plants used to treat renal lithiasis in eastern Morocco. Most patients used Herniaria hirsuta L., Zea mays L., Urtica dioica L., and Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Fuss. This preliminary study showed that the first reason to use medicinal plants in half of lithiasis patients is to calm the pain and expel the stones. The primary source of plant use information is oral tradition. However 67% of lithiasis patients are unaware of the harmful and toxic effects that can appear. Conclusion: Medicinal plants must, like medicines, comply with strict requirements and standard rules of use to which only the specialist in herbal medicine can respond and sensitize people to the dangers of irrational consumption of medicinal plants.

A review of Tunisian medicinal plants with anticancer activity

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wissem Aidi Wannes ◽  
Moufida Saidani Tounsi ◽  
Brahim Marzouk
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Scientific Journal ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types

AbstractCancer is a major public health problem in the world. The use of the medicinal plants in cancer prevention and management is frequent in Africa, especially in Tunisia, and it is transmitted from generation to generation within cultures. Many previous studies showed that a wide range of Tunisian medicinal plants exerted cytotoxic and anticancer activity. A comprehensive review was conducted to collect information from scientific journal articles, including indigenous knowledge researches, about Tunisian medicinal plants used for the prevention and management of cancer. The aim of this review article is to provide the reader with information concerning the importance of Tunisian medicinal plants in the prevention and management of cancer and to open the door for the health professionals and scientists working in the field of pharmacology and therapeutics to produce new drug formulations to treat different types of cancer.

Substance Abuse and Drug-Related Death, Suicidal Ideation, and Suicide: A Review

Crisis ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Mino ◽  
Arnaud Bousquet ◽  
Barbara Broers
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Hiv Epidemic

The high mortality rate among drug users, which is partly due to the HIV epidemic and partly due to drug-related accidental deaths and suicides, presents a major public health problem. Knowing more about prevalence, incidence, and risk factors is important for the development of rational preventive and therapeutic programs. This article attempts to give an overview of studies of the relations between substance abuse, suicidal ideation, suicide, and drug-related death. Research in this field is hampered by the absence of clear definitions, and results of studies are rarely comparable. There is, however, consensus about suicidal ideation being a risk factor for suicide attempts and suicide. Suicidal ideation is also a predictor of suicide, especially among drug users. It is correlated with an absence of family support, with the severity of the psychosocial dysfunctioning, and with multi-drug abuse, but also with requests for treatment. Every clinical examination of a drug user, not only of those who are depressed, should address the possible presence of suicidal ideation, as well as its intensity and duration.

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