scholarly journals Traumatic surfing injuries in New Zealand: a descriptive epidemiology study

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12334
Author(s):  
James Furness ◽  
Katherine McArthur ◽  
Debbie Remnant ◽  
Darcy Jorgensen ◽  
Catherine J. Bacon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Common Location ◽  
Injury Mechanisms

Background New Zealand (NZ) has nearly 14,000 km of coastline and a surfing population of approximately 315,000 surfers. Given its popularity, surfing has a high frequency of injury claims, however, there remains a lack of data on traumatic surfing-related injuries from large population studies. The primary purpose of this study was to examine traumatic surfing injuries in NZ specific to injury incidence, duration, location, type, mechanism of injury and associated risk factors. Methods A sample of self-identified surfers currently living in NZ participated in an online retrospective cross-sectional survey between December 2015 and July 2016. Demographic and surfing injury data were collected and analysed. Results The survey yielded 1,473 respondents (18.3% female); a total of 502 surfers reported 702 major traumatic injuries with an overall incidence proportion of 0.34 (95% CI [0.32–0.37]). When comparing the number of injured surfers who sustained an injury at various body locations, a significantly higher proportion of competitive surfers, compared to recreational surfers, had an injury at the neck (6.8% vs 4%, χ2 (1,1473) = 5.84, P = 0.019); shoulder (7.4% vs 4.3%, χ2 (1,1473) = 6.34, P = 0.017), upper back (1% vs 2.4%, χ2 (1,1473) = 4.77, P = 0.043), lower back (7% vs 3.1%, χ2 (1,1473) = 11.98, P = 0.001) and knee (7% vs 3.4%, χ2 (1,1473) = 9.67, P = 0.003). A significantly higher proportion of surfers who performed aerial manoeuvres compared to those who did not reported a higher proportion of knee injuries (9.7% vs 3.9%, χ2 (1,1473) = 13.00, P = 0.001). With respect to injury duration, the shoulder represented the largest proportion of chronic injuries (>3 months) (44.4%), and the head and face represented the largest proportion of acute injuries (≤3 months) (88%). Muscle and tendon injuries were reported most frequently (25.6%) and direct contact injuries accounted for 58.1% of all injury mechanisms. Key risk factors for traumatic injury included: competitive compared to recreational status (41.0% vs 30.1%, Relative Risk (RR) = 1.36, P < 0.001), ability to perform aerial manoeuvres (48.1% vs 31.8%, RR = 1.51, P < 0.001) and intermediate or above skill level surfers compared to beginner surfers (35.8% vs 22.7%, RR = 1.58, P < 0.001). Conclusion One third of recreational surfers sustained a major traumatic injury in the previous 12 months. For competitive or aerialist surfers the risk was greater, with this proportion approximately half. Overall, the head/face was the most common location of traumatic injury, with competitive surfers being more likely to sustain a neck, shoulder, lower back, and knee injury compared to recreational surfers. The shoulder was associated with the highest proportion of injuries of chronic duration. Future research should investigate injury mechanisms and causation using prospective injury monitoring to better underpin targeted injury prevention programs.

Trail running injury risk factors: a living systematic review

2022 ◽  
pp. bjsports-2021-104858
Author(s):  
Carel Viljoen ◽  
Dina C (Christa) Janse van Rensburg ◽  
Willem van Mechelen ◽  
Evert Verhagen ◽  
Bruno Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Injury Risk Factors ◽  
Trail Running

ObjectiveTo review and frequently update the available evidence on injury risk factors and epidemiology of injury in trail running.DesignLiving systematic review. Updated searches will be done every 6 months for a minimum period of 5 years.Data sourcesEight electronic databases were searched from inception to 18 March 2021.Eligibility criteriaStudies that investigated injury risk factors and/or reported the epidemiology of injury in trail running.ResultsNineteen eligible studies were included, of which 10 studies investigated injury risk factors among 2 785 participants. Significant intrinsic factors associated with injury are: more running experience, level A runner and higher total propensity to sports accident questionnaire (PAD-22) score. Previous history of cramping and postrace biomarkers of muscle damage is associated with cramping. Younger age and low skin phototypes are associated with sunburn. Significant extrinsic factors associated with injury are neglecting warm-up, no specialised running plan, training on asphalt, double training sessions per day and physical labour occupations. A slower race finishing time is associated with cramping, while more than 3 hours of training per day, shade as the primary mode of sun protection and being single are associated with sunburn. An injury incidence range 0.7–61.2 injuries/1000 hours of running and prevalence range 1.3% to 90% were reported. The lower limb was the most reported region of injury, specifically involving blisters of the foot/toe.ConclusionLimited studies investigated injury risk factors in trail running. Our review found eight intrinsic and nine extrinsic injury risk factors. This review highlighted areas for future research that may aid in designing injury risk management strategies for safer trail running participation.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021240832.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors for tobacco smoking among pre-adolescent Pacific children in New Zealand

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vili Nosa ◽  
Dudley Gentles ◽  
Marewa Glover ◽  
Robert Scragg ◽  
Judith McCool ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cook Island ◽  
Pocket Money ◽  
At Home

INTRODUCTION: Pacific New Zealanders have a high prevalence of smoking, with many first smoking in their pre-adolescent years. AIM: To identify risk factors for tobacco smoking among Pacific pre-adolescent intermediate school children. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of 2208 Pacific students aged between 10 and 13 years from four South Auckland intermediate schools who were asked about their smoking behaviour between the years 2007 and 2009. RESULTS: The prevalence of Pacific ever-smokers (for 2007) in Year 7 was 15.0% (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 12.0%–18.3%) and Year 8, 23.0% (95% CI 19.5%–26.7%). Multivariate modelling showed the risk factors for ever-smoking were Cook Island ethnic group (OR 1.72; 95% CI 1.26–2.36, ref=Samoan), boys (OR 1.47; 95% CI 1.14–1.89), age (OR 1.65; 95% CI 1.36–2.00), exposure to smoking in a car within the previous seven days (OR 2.24; 95% CI 1.67–3.01), anyone smoking at home within the previous seven days (OR 1.52; 95% CI 1.12–2.04) and receiving more than $NZ20 per week as pocket money/allowance (OR=1.91, 95% CI 1.23–2.96). DISCUSSION: Parents control and therefore can modify identified risk factors for Pacific children’s smoking initiation: exposure to smoking at home or in the car and the amount of weekly pocket money the child receives. Primary health care professionals should advise Pacific parents to make their homes and cars smokefree and to monitor their children’s spending. This study also suggests a particular need for specific Cook Island smokefree promotion and cessation resources. KEYWORDS: Adolescent; child; ethnic group; New Zealand; Pacific; smoking

scholarly journals Injury Patterns, Risk Factors, and Return to Sport in Brazilian Jiu Jitsu: A Cross-sectional Survey of 1140 Athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 232596712110625
Author(s):  
Maximilian Hinz ◽  
Benjamin D. Kleim ◽  
Daniel P. Berthold ◽  
Stephanie Geyer ◽  
Christophe Lambert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Return To Sport ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Injury Patterns ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Brazilian jiu jitsu (BJJ) is a growing martial art that focuses on grappling techniques. Purpose: To quantify the 3-year incidence of BJJ-related injuries and detect common injury patterns as well as risk factors among those practicing BJJ. It was hypothesized that there would be a high incidence of injuries, they would be caused by submissions in sparring situations, and they would occur predominantly at the extremities. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: Active BJJ athletes were invited to take an English-language online survey developed by orthopaedic surgeons together with BJJ athletes and a sports scientist. Data were recorded regarding athlete demographics, sporting activity level, injuries within the past 3 years that caused at least a 2-week time loss, injury mechanisms, and return to sport. Results: Overall, 1140 responses were received from 62 different countries; 88.9% of all athletes were male, and 63.9% were regular competitors. Within the investigated cohort, 1052 injuries were recorded in 784 athletes, for an injury incidence of 308 per 1000 athletes per year. The lower extremity (45.7%) and upper extremity (30.2%) were predominant sites of injury, with injuries to the knee (27.1%) being the most common. The most frequent knee injuries were meniscal injuries (n = 65), anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears (n = 36), and medial collateral ligament injuries (n = 36). ACL tears were especially associated with long time frames for return to sport. Most injuries occurred during sparring (77.6%) and were caused by submissions (29.7%) and takedowns (26.4%). Competing regularly ( P = .003), older age ( P < .001), and higher belt rank ( P = .003) were significant risk factors for injury. Conclusion: Injury incidence was high among BJJ athletes surveyed, with 2 out of 3 athletes reporting at least 1 injury within a 3-year period that caused a 2-week absence from training. Most injuries occurred during sparring, and we believe that a high potential for injury reduction lies in drawing awareness to common injury patterns and sites in athletes.

scholarly journals Cross-Sectional Survey of the Training Practices of Racing Greyhounds in New Zealand

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2032
Author(s):  
Anna L. Palmer ◽  
Chris W. Rogers ◽  
Kevin J. Stafford ◽  
Arnon Gal ◽  
Darryl J. Cochrane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Primary Reason ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Training Programmes

The aim of this study was to conduct a cross-sectional survey of racing greyhound trainers in New Zealand in order to provide an overview of their training practices. A survey regarding training practices was posted to all registered greyhound training license holders in New Zealand in August 2019. Data were collected from a convenience sample of 48 trainers (35.6%; n = 48/137) who completed the survey. Other than the differences in the number of greyhounds in race training, the training programmes described by public trainers and owner trainers were similar. Trainers reported that the primary reason for registering young dogs for racing and for qualifying for racing was the ability to meet time milestones. Young dogs had a median of six (interquartile range (IQR): 4–10) trials before they commenced their racing career. Trainers described training practices that aimed to prepare greyhounds for race-day. Regardless of whether the dogs raced once or twice a week, most training programmes demonstrated high specificity where training involved two periods of load cycles through high-intensity workload. Trainers racing their greyhounds once a week simulated the workload of trainers racing their greyhounds twice a week by introducing one high-intensity (speed) workout during the week. Training programmes were structured to condition the dogs to the physiological and metabolic requirements of sprint racing. This study highlights the importance of the need for an improved understanding of training and competition load in order to enable future research in the field of racing greyhounds.

scholarly journals The Diets of Companion Cats in Aotearoa New Zealand: Identification of Obesity Risk Factors

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2881
Author(s):  
Rachel Forrest ◽  
Leena Awawdeh ◽  
Fiona Esam ◽  
Maria Pearson ◽  
Natalie Waran
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
The Body ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Veterinary Clinic ◽  
Related Risk

One in four New Zealand cats are overweight or obese, conditions associated with poor health outcomes. As part of an online survey that was conducted from January 2019 to March 2019, NZ residents aged ≥18 years were asked demographic questions along with questions related to the body condition, breed and diet of their cat/s. From the responses, possible owner-related risk factors for developing obesity were identified. Of the respondents, 65.5% (n = 1537) owned cat/s; the owners being more likely to be female, live rurally, or live with children. Most of the respondents fed their cat/s biscuits from the supermarket (63%) and wet food (57%). Almost half (45%) fed their cat/s specialised food from a pet shop or veterinary clinic and gave them treats, with 31% of respondents feeding their cat/s raw meat. Feeding cats a variety of food types may make it difficult to estimate the appropriate amount of each needed to avoid excess caloric intake. In addition, approximately 30% of the respondents did not agree with the correct body condition statement, revealing a need for owner education. These findings highlight important areas of cat nutrition requiring future research to better inform the development of healthy weight interventions for NZ cats.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Injuries in Professional Football Players / Факторы Риска Получения Травм Профессиональными Футболистами

Folia Medica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bekim Haxhiu ◽  
Ardiana Murtezani ◽  
Bedri Zahiti ◽  
Ismet Shalaj ◽  
Sabit Sllamniku
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Knee Injuries ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Previous Injury ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractAIM: The aim of this study was to identify risk factors related to the occurrence of injuries in football players. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 216 football players from 12 teams in the elite football league. Football-related injury data were collected prospectively during the 2012/2013 competitive season. At baseline the following information was collected for the players: anthropometric measurements (weight, height, BMI, subcutaneous skinfolds), playing experience, injury history, physical fitness performance test (agility run), peak oxygen uptake. The incidence, type and severity of injuries and training and game exposure times were prospectively documented for each player. RESULTS: Most of the players (n = 155, 71.7%) sustained the injures during the study period. The overall injury incidence during the regular season was 6.3 injuries per 1000 athlete-exposures (95% confidence interval, 4.31-9.67). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that playing experience (odds ratio [OR] = 0.44; 95% CI = 0.32-0.61, p < 0.01), age (OR = 2.05; 95% CI = 1.49-2.81, p < 0.01) and a previous injury (OR = 4.4; 95% CI = 2.14-9.07, p < 0.01) were significantly correlated to increased risk of injuries. Body mass index was not associated with risk of injury. Strains (34.19%) and sprains (25.81%) were the major injury types. Twenty-seven percent of injured players were absent from football for more than 1 month, with knee injuries (25.42%) being the most severe type. CONCLUSION: The risk factors that increase injury rates in football players were previous injury, higher age and years of playing. Future research should include adequate rehabilitation program to reduce the risk of injuries.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Transport-Related Problem Behaviors in Horses: A New Zealand Survey

Animals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Padalino ◽  
Chris Rogers ◽  
Danielle Guiver ◽  
Janis Bridges ◽  
Christopher Riley
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Related Problem ◽  
Negative Reinforcement ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional

Transport-related problem behaviors (TRPBs) are common in horses and can cause injury to both the horses and their handlers. This study aimed to identify possible risk factors for TRPBs to inform approaches to mitigate TRPBs incidence and enhance horse welfare. An online cross-sectional survey was conducted to explore the prevalence of TRPBs and their association with human-, training- and transport management-related factors in New Zealand. The survey generated 1124 valid responses that were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and logistic regression analyses. Having at least one horse with TRPB was reported by 249/1124 (22.2%) respondents during the two previous years. Of these, 21/249 (8.4%) occurred during pre-loading, 78/249 (31.3%) during loading, 132/249 (53.0%) while travelling, and 18/249 (7.3%) during unloading. Our findings indicate that the use of negative reinforcement and positive punishment as training methods, using a whip or food for loading, and travelling in a straight load trailer/float while offering food were associated with a higher likelihood of TRPBs. Cross-sectional studies cannot determine causality and findings should be interpreted with caution, and evaluated in further experimental studies. The authors suggest that education on appropriate training methods for transport, and vehicle selection may mitigate the risk for TRPBs in horses.

scholarly journals The epidemiology of golfrelated injuries in Australian amateur golfers - a multivariate analysis

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
A McHardy ◽  
H Pollard ◽  
K Lou
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Golf Club ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Lower Back

Objective. To perform an epidemiological study in order to determine the golf-related injury locations, injury rates and possible risk factors for golf injury in amateur golfers across Australia. Method. A retrospective cross-sectional survey of Australian golf club members was used to collect data for the study. Chi-square testing was used to evaluate the association between golf injury and each possible risk factor at univariate level. All the possible risk factors were further examined in multivariate analysis using logistical regression. Results. There were 1 634 golfers included in the present study. Of these, 288 reported having had one or more golfrelated injuries in the previous year. The most common injury location was the lower back (25.3%), followed by the elbow (15.3%) and shoulder (9.4%). The most common injury mechanism was poor technique in execution of the golf swing (44.8%). Age, warm-up status, conditioning habits, wearing a golf glove/s and injury acquired in other sports / activities were significantly associated with risk of golf injury (p < 0.05). Equipment use such as type of golf club shaft used, type of shoes used and other factors studied were not statistically significant. Conclusion. The most injured sites identified in this study were the lower back, elbow and shoulder respectively. Risk of injury during golfing varied according to age group, warm-up status, conditioning habits, whether the player wore a golf glove/s, and whether the golfer had been injured in other activities. South African Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. 19 (1) 2007: pp. 12-19

scholarly journals Prevalence of laboratory-related musculoskeletal disorders among biomedical scientists

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasar Alwahaibi ◽  
Mallak Al Sadairi ◽  
Ibrahim Al Abri ◽  
Samira Al Rawahi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Heavy Work ◽  
Risk Of Exposure ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: Laboratory related musculoskeletal disorders (LMSDs) are injuries resulted from working in the laboratory. Biomedical scientists (BMSs) play an important role in any health care system. However, they are at high risk of exposure to LMSDs. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and the associated risk factors of LMSDs among this group of healthcare professionals. Methods: A cross sectional survey (Nordic musculoskeletal) was used to estimate the prevalence of LMSDs among BMSs. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science software version 25. Chi square was performed to find the significant association between LMSDs and different risk factors. Results: The study included 83 BMSs. Females represented 63.9% and 36.1% were in the age group of 35 to 44. The overall prevalence of LMSDs was 77.1%. The most prevalent LMSDs were neck, shoulders, and lower back with 50.6%, 49.4%, and 43.4%, respectively. Neck complaints and upper back complaints were found statistically significant with the female gender. Shoulders complaints were associated with pipetting and microscopy. Lower back complaints were associated with pipetting and heavy work at home. A total of 65.57% of BMSs had irregular symptoms of LMSDs, 54.10% experienced moderate pain due to these symptoms, and 44.26% had symptoms that persisted from hours to days. Conclusion: The study found that the prevalence of LMSDs among BMSs was high. Good knowledge, attitude, practice, and training of ergonomics may minimize the prevalence of LMSDs among BMSs.

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