scholarly journals The oldest species of Peltoperleidus (Louwoichthyiformes, Neopterygii) from the Middle Triassic (Anisian) of China, with phylogenetic and biogeographic implications

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12225
Author(s):  
Guang-Hui Xu
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Middle Triassic ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
First Record ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
New Family ◽  
Fish Taxon ◽  
Early Middle Triassic ◽  
A New Species

The previously alleged ‘perleidid’ genus Peltoperleidus is a stem-neopterygian fish taxon with two or three horizontal rows of notably deepened flank scales. Until recently, members of this genus were known only from the Ladinian (late Middle Triassic) or near the Anisian/Ladinian boundary (~242 Ma) in southern Switzerland and northern Italy. Here, I report the discovery of a new species of the genus, Peltoperleidus asiaticus sp. nov., based on three well-preserved specimens from the Anisian (early Middle Triassic, ~244 Ma) of Luoping, eastern Yunnan, China. The discovery extends the geological range of Peltoperleidus by approximately two million years and documents the first record of the genus in Asia. Similar to its relatives (represented by P. macrodontus) from Europe, P. asiaticus sp. nov. is likely a small-sized durophagous predator with dentition combining grasping and crushing morphologies. Results of a cladistic analysis unite four species of Peltoperleidus as a monophyletic group within the Louwoichthyiformes, and suggest that the presence of two horizontal rows of notably deepened scales was independently evolved in Peltoperleidus and another stem-neopterygian taxon Altisolepis. P. asiaticus sp. nov. is nested at the base of Peltoperleidus, and a new family Peltoperleididae is proposed for the genus, contrasting the previous placement of Peltoperleidus in the poorly defined, paraphyletic ‘Perleididae’. Comparative studies of the basal peltoperleidid from China with its younger relatives from Europe provide new insights into the evolutionary origin and paleogeographic distribution of this clade.

A new species ofThaumastoderma(Gastrotricha: Macrodasyida) from the Antarctic deep sea with a phylogenetic analysis of the whole genus

2009 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Kieneke
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Drake Passage ◽  
First Record ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
The North ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
A New Species

A new species of the marine gastrotrich taxonThaumastodermais described. A single specimen of this species,Thaumastoderma antarcticasp. nov., was extracted from silty sediment sampled at one station of the Andeep-1 cruise, about 150 km to the north of the South Shetland Islands (Drake Passage, South Atlantic Ocean). This paper provides the first record of this genus from the deep sea and the second description of a macrodasyid gastrotrich living in an abyssal habitat. The new species is characterized by several apomorphic features, among them a caudal pair of strongly elongated dorsal cirrata tubes. A phylogenetic analysis of the genusThaumastodermareveals thatTh. antarcticais closely related toTh. coronariumandTh. appendiculatum. Furthermore, the analysis offers an evolutionary scenario and a hypothesis for the internal phylogeny of this taxon while supporting its monophyly. It is the first time a cladistic analysis has been conducted for a delimited group of gastrotrichs, i.e. for all known members of a genus.

scholarly journals A new species of basal rhynchosaur (Diapsida: Archosauromorpha) from the early Middle Triassic of South Africa, and the early evolution of Rhynchosauria

2016 ◽  
Vol 177 (4) ◽  
pp. 1030-1030
Author(s):  
Richard J. Butler ◽  
Martín D. Ezcurra ◽  
Felipe C. Montefeltro ◽  
Adun Samathi ◽  
Gabriela Sobral
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
Middle Triassic ◽  
Early Evolution ◽  
Early Middle Triassic ◽  
A New Species

scholarly journals A new species of basal rhynchosaur (Diapsida: Archosauromorpha) from the early Middle Triassic of South Africa, and the early evolution of Rhynchosauria

2015 ◽  
Vol 174 (3) ◽  
pp. 571-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Butler ◽  
Martín D. Ezcurra ◽  
Felipe C. Montefeltro ◽  
Adun Samathi ◽  
Gabriela Sobral
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Species ◽  
Middle Triassic ◽  
Early Evolution ◽  
Early Middle Triassic ◽  
A New Species

scholarly journals A new species of Plesiosorex (Mammalia, Eulipotyphla) from the Early Miocene of Japan: first record of the genus from East Asia

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 292-299
Author(s):  
Mitsuharu Oshima ◽  
Yukimitsu Tomida ◽  
Takamichi Orihara
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Middle Miocene ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
First Record ◽  
Early Miocene ◽  
Central Japan ◽  
European Species ◽  
A New Species

Abstract A nearly complete dentary with preserved i2, p3 and m1 of a relatively large soricomorph from the Dota locality, Kani Basin, Early Miocene (ca. 18.5 Ma), Nakamura Formation of the Mizunami Group in central Japan, is described as a new species of Plesiosorex. It represents the first record of the genus in East Asia. Plesiosorex fejfari sp. nov. has a slender dentary, posteriorly elongated angular and condyloid processes, p3 with two roots, and m1 without hypoconulid or cingulid. Cladistic analysis of Butselia gracilis and seven species of Plesiosorex shows that Butselia is basally positioned with respect to Plesiosorex, and it seems likely that Plesiosorex originated in Europe at the beginning of the Miocene and expanded its distribution to East Asia and North America during the Early Miocene. Two Middle Miocene North American species are more closely related to each other than to European species of the same age.

Cancrion khanhensis sp. nov. (Crustacea: Isopoda: Entoniscidae) infesting Monomia haanii (Stimpson, 1858) (Crustacea: Brachyura: Portunidae) from Nha Trang Bay, Khanh Hoa, Vietnam, with remarks on larval stages of entoniscids and description of a new family, genus and two new species of hyperparasites infesting entoniscids

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4894 (3) ◽  
pp. 366-386
Author(s):  
LE THI KIEU OANH ◽  
CHRISTOPHER B. BOYKO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
First Record ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Portunid Crab ◽  
Nha Trang Bay ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

An undescribed entoniscid isopod was found to parasitize Monomia haani, a common portunid crab in Khanh Hoa province of Vietnam. The new species is the eighth in the genus Cancrion, the second species of Cancrion found parasitizing hosts in the family Portunidae, and the first member of the family Entoniscidae to be described from southeast Asia. The cryptoniscius larva of a species of Cancrion is described for the first time. The new entoniscid infests hosts with a prevalence of 10.1% and intensity of 1 or 2 females per host. A new family, genus and species of cryptoniscoid hyperparasite with novel female and cryptoniscus body morphology is also described; this is the first record of a hyperparasite found infesting an entoniscid isopod. The purported cryptoniscus larva of Tiarinion texopallium Shields & Ward, 1998 is shown to be that of a hyperparasitic cryptoniscoid isopod closely allied to the new Vietnamese hyperparasite and is described as a new species belonging to the new family and genus. 

scholarly journals Feroxichthys panzhouensis sp. nov., a hump-backed colobodontid (Neopterygii, Actinopterygii) from the early Middle Triassic of Panzhou, Guizhou, China

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11257
Author(s):  
Xin-Ying Ma ◽  
Guang-Hui Xu ◽  
Bing-He Geng
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South China ◽  
Middle Triassic ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Marine Ecosystems ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Body Form ◽  
Similar Body ◽  
Early Middle Triassic

Neopterygii is a taxonomically diverse clade of ray-finned fishes, including Teleostei, Holostei and closely related fossil taxa. The Colobodontidae is a stem group of large-sized neopterygians with a durophagous feeding adaption from the Middle to Late Triassic marine ecosystems in Europe and South China. Here, we report the discovery of a new colobodontid, Feroxichthys panzhouensis sp. nov., based on a well-preserved specimen from the early Middle Triassic (Anisian) of Panzhou (formerly known as Panxian), Guizhou, China. The discovery extends the geographical distribution of Feroxichthys from eastern Yunnan into western Guizhou, and demonstrates a more rapid diversification of early colobodontids than previously thought. The new species possesses diagnostic features of Feroxichthys (e.g., a fused lacrimal-maxilla), but it is easily distinguished from the type species Feroxichthys yunnanensis and other colobodontids by some derived features on the skull and, especially, the relatively short and deep body with a prominent postcranial hump. This body form, previously unknown in colobodontids, implicates a morphological adaptation to structurally complex habitats in light of ecological studies of modern ray-finned fishes with a similar body form. In addition, the feeding apparatus suggests a more obligate durophagous diet for F. panzhouensis sp. nov. than other colobodontids. Results of a cladistic analysis recover the new species as a sister taxon of F. yunnanensis within the Colobodontidae, and suggest that a hump-backed body form has independently evolved multiple times in Triassic neopterygians. As such, the new finding provides an important addition for our understanding of the morphological and ecological diversity of neopterygian fishes from the Triassic marine ecosystems in South China.

scholarly journals A new species of Carvalhomiris from Colombia with an assessment of its phylogenetic position (Heteroptera, Miridae, Orthotylinae)

ZooKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 796 ◽  
pp. 197-214
Author(s):  
Dimitri Forero ◽  
Juanita Rodríguez ◽  
Valentina Ocampo
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
First Record ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Western Cordillera ◽  
A New Species

Plant bugs, species of Miridae (Heteroptera), are not well known in the Neotropics, and Colombia is not an exception. Based on data from the available systematic catalog (Schuh 2002–2013) fewer than 150 species are recorded from the country, clearly an underestimation. Recent fieldwork has resulted in several new interesting taxa from Colombia. Carvalhomiris Maldonado & Ferreira, 1971, contains three described species from Colombia and Ecuador. From specimens collected in Jardín, Antioquia, Carvalhomirishenryisp. n. is described. Images of the dorsal habitus and the male and female genitalia are provided. Based on morphological examination of the new species and published information, morphological characters were coded to construct a phylogenetic matrix for a cladistic analysis in which the phylogenetic position of the new species is assessed. Carvalhomirishenryisp. n. is the northernmost species of the genus and noteworthy because it is the first record of any species of the genus in the Western Cordillera: all other species are known from the eastern flank of the Andes (Ecuador) or the Eastern Cordillera (Colombia). Natural history observations of the new species, including associations with composites (Asteraceae) are provided. It is speculated that the mirid might be predacious.

scholarly journals Mumetopia interfeles sp. nov., a new species of Anthomyzidae (Diptera) occurring en masse in an urban grassy habitat in Chile: its taxonomy, phylogeny and biology

2021 ◽  
Vol 731 ◽  
pp. 135-158
Author(s):  
Jindřich Roháček ◽  
Andrea Tóthová
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
First Record ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Anthropogenic Habitats ◽  
Mass Occurrence ◽  
Hordeum Murinum ◽  
The City ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Anthomyzidae (Diptera), viz., Mumetopia interfeles Roháček sp. nov. (both sexes), is described from Chile, based on a large series collected from a small grassy area (consisting of a non-native species, Hordeum murinum L.) among houses in the city of Valparaíso. Its systematic affiliation, phylogenetic relationships, and biology are discussed. Cases of mass occurrence of adult Anthomyzidae, particularly those in anthropogenic habitats, are reviewed and general features of them discussed. A phylogenetic hypothesis is proposed for the relationships of the new species and the Chamaebosca group of genera within Anthomyzidae (64 species in dataset), based on Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analyses of seven DNA markers (12S, 16S, 28S, COI, COII, CytB, ITS2). Taxonomic limits of the genus Mumetopia Melander, 1913 are discussed. Based on a new molecular hypothesis and a previous cladistic analysis of morphological data (Roháček & Barber 2009), a broadened, better-supported concept of Mumetopia (s. str.) is proposed to include M. interfeles sp. nov. (and its unnamed relatives) and externally aberrant, undescribed species endemic to the Juan Fernández Islands. Apart from Anthomyzidae (M. interfeles sp. nov. only), the community of Diptera associated with H. murinum was dominated by phytophagous Chloropidae: Ceratobarys sacculicornis (Enderlein, 1911) occurred in extremely high numbers similar to those of M. interfeles sp. nov., while the less abundant Opetiophora sp. represents the first record of the genus from South America.

scholarly journals First record of a nonpaleotropical intejocerid cephalopod from Darriwilian (Middle Ordovician) strata of central Spain

2019 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-278
Author(s):  
Björn Kröger ◽  
Juan Carlos Gutiérrez-Marco
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
First Record ◽  
The United States ◽  
Central Spain ◽  
Middle Ordovician ◽  
A New Species

AbstractThe order Intejocerida is an enigmatic, short-lived cephalopod taxon known previously only from Early–Middle Ordovician beds of Siberia and the United States. Here we report a new genus, Cabaneroceras, and a new species, C. aznari, from Middle Ordovician strata of central Spain. This finding widens the paleogeographic range of the order toward high-paleolatitudinal areas of peri-Gondwana. A curved conch, characteristic for the new genus, was previously unknown from members of the Intejocerida.UUID: http://zoobank.org/21f0a09c-5265-4d29-824b-6b105d36b791

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