scholarly journals Exploration of Zoo felids in North-East China for the prevalence and molecular identification of Cryptosporidium spp.

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11819
Author(s):  
Shakeel Hussain ◽  
Syed Mohsin Bukhari ◽  
Lixin Wang ◽  
Nimra Khalid ◽  
Zhijun Hou
Keyword(s):  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
North East ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Gene Similarity

Cryptosporidium spp. is a protozoan having the potential to cause zoonosis in humans and animals. Despite the zoonotic importance of this protozoan parasite, limited data are available about its prevalence in zoo felids in North-Eastern China. Hence, the current study was designed to determine the occurrence and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. from the fecal samples of captive zoo felids. Fecal samples (N = 244) were collected from different felids from five different zoos of North-Eastern China. 18S rRNA gene was amplified from the genomic DNA using species specific primers in nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) and Cryptosporidium parvum and Cryptosporidium spp. was found. The overall prevalence of Cryptosporidium was 9.43% (23/244). The 18S rRNA gene similarity analysis showed that 6 Cryptosporidium isolates were Cryptosporidium parvum and the remaining 17 Cryptosporidium isolates were resembling to a Cryptosporidium spp., which is similar to Cryptosporidium NEV10. Phylogenetic tree was constructed based on 18S rRNA of Cryptosporidium spp. The similarity of Cryptosporidium parvum was with its other isolates in China, India, Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Czech Republic, Spain and USA while Cryptosporidium NEV10 alike had a close relationship with Turkish isolates. In conclusion, Cryptosporidium was prevailing in feline animals of China zoo and zoo officials are directed to consider their control policy as it can be a cause of zoonosis.

Molecular epidemiology ofCryptosporidiumspp. in calves in Estonia: high prevalence ofCryptosporidium parvumshedding and 10 subtypes identified

Parasitology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azzurra Santoro ◽  
Elisabeth Dorbek-Kolin ◽  
Julia Jeremejeva ◽  
Lea Tummeleht ◽  
Toomas Orro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Common Species ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Cattle Farms

AbstractWe investigated the molecular epidemiology ofCryptosporidiumspp. in Estonia by testing fecal samples from 486 calves aged <2 months, raised on 53 cattle farms, for the presence ofCryptosporidiumDNA. The parasites were identified and characterized by sequencing of the 18S rRNA gene and of the 60 kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene. Moreover, using a questionnaire, we surveyed factors that could be relevant for animal-to-human and human-to-animal transmission ofCryptosporidiumspp. on the farms.Cryptosporidiumspp. were shed by 23% of the investigated calves and at least one shedding calf was found on 66% of the farms.Cryptosporidium parvumwas the most common species shed, whileC. bovisandC. ryanaewere also detected. More than half of the calves aged 8–14 days shedC. parvum. Nine previously describedC. parvumsubtypes (IIaA14G1R1, IIaA16G1R1, IIaA17G1R1, IIaA18G1R1, IIaA19G1R1, IIaA20G1R1, IIaA21G1R1, IIaA22G1R1 and IIaA16G2R1) and an apparently novel subtype IIlA21R2 were found. Calves from farms that reported spreading manure on fields during spring had 10 times higher odds to shedCryptosporidiumspp. in their feces than calves from farms that did not. Calves aged 8–14 days had higher odds to shed IIa18G1R1 as well as IIaA16G1R1 than younger calves.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization ofCryptosporidiumspp. in Wild Rodents of Southwestern Iran Using 18s rRNA Gene Nested-PCR-RFLP and Sequencing Techniques

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasem Saki ◽  
Masoud Foroutan-Rad ◽  
Reza Asadpouri
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Nested Pcr ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Restriction Enzymes ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Wild Rodents ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Southwest Of Iran

Background. Rodents could act as reservoir forCryptosporidiumspp. speciallyC. parvum, a zoonotic agent responsible for human infections. Since there is no information aboutCryptosporidiuminfection in rodents of Ahvaz city, southwest of Iran, hence, this survey was performed to determine the prevalence and molecular characterization ofCryptosporidiumspp. in this region.Materials and Methods. One hundred rodents were trapped from different regions of Ahvaz city. Intestine contents and fecal specimens of rodents were studied using both microscopy examination to identify oocyst and nested-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique for 18s rRNA gene detection. Eventually restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method usingSspIandVspIrestriction enzymes was carried out to genotype the species and then obtained results were sequenced.Results. Three out of 100 samples were diagnosed as positive and overall prevalence ofCryptosporidiumspp. was 3% using both modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining under light microscope and nested-PCR (830 bp) methods. Afterwards, PCR-RFLP was performed on positive samples andC. parvumpattern was identified. Finally PCR-RFLP findings were sequenced and presence ofC. parvumwas confirmed again.Conclusions. Our study showed rodents could be potential reservoir forC. parvum. So an integrated program for control and combat with them should be adopted and continued.

scholarly journals High-resolution molecular identification of smalltooth sawfish prey

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor L. Hancock ◽  
Gregg R. Poulakis ◽  
Rachel M. Scharer ◽  
S. Gregory Tolley ◽  
Hidetoshi Urakawa
Keyword(s):  
18S Rrna ◽  
Stomach Content Analysis ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Taxonomic Resolution ◽  
Molecular Technique ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Critically Endangered Species ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractThe foundation of food web analysis is a solid understanding of predator-prey associations. Traditional dietary studies of fishes have been by stomach content analysis. However, these methods are not applicable to Critically Endangered species such as the smalltooth sawfish (Pristis pectinata). Previous research using the combination of stable isotope signatures from fin clips and 18S rRNA gene sequencing of fecal samples identified the smalltooth sawfish as piscivorous at low taxonomic resolution. Here, we present a high taxonomic resolution molecular technique for identification of prey using opportunistically acquired fecal samples. To assess potential biases, primer sets of two mitochondrial genes, 12S and 16S rRNA, were used alongside 18S rRNA, which targets a wider spectrum of taxa. In total, 19 fish taxa from 7 orders and 11 families native to the Gulf of Mexico were successfully identified. The sawfish prey comprised diverse taxa, indicating that this species is a generalist piscivore. These findings and the molecular approach used will aid recovery planning for the smalltooth sawfish and have the potential to reveal previously unknown predator-prey associations from a wide range of taxa, especially rare and hard to sample species.

Dogs are reservoir hosts for possible transmission of human strongyloidiasis in Thailand: molecular identification and genetic diversity of causative parasite species

2019 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Sanpool ◽  
P.M. Intapan ◽  
R. Rodpai ◽  
P. Laoraksawong ◽  
L. Sadaow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
18S Rrna ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Lao Pdr ◽  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
North East ◽  
18S Rrna Genes

Abstract Human strongyloidiasis is a deleterious gastrointestinal disease mainly caused by Strongyloides stercoralis infection. We aimed to study the possible transmission of S. stercoralis between humans and pet animals. We isolated Strongyloides from humans and domestic dogs in the same rural community in north-east Thailand and compared the nucleotide sequences of derived worms using portions of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and 18S ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA) genes. Twenty-eight sequences from the 18S rRNA gene were obtained from worms derived from humans (n = 23) and dogs (n = 5), and were identical with S. stercoralis sequences (from Thailand, Cambodia, Lao PDR and Myanmar) published in the GenBank database. The 28 cox1 sequences from humans and dogs showed high similarity to each other. The available published cox1 sequences (n = 150), in combination with our 28 sequences, represented 68 haplotypes distributed among four clusters. The 28 samples from the present study represented eight haplotypes including four new haplotypes. Dogs and humans shared the same haplotypes, suggesting the possibility of zoonotic transmission from pet dogs to humans. This is of concern since dogs and humans live in close association with each other.

scholarly journals Molecular survey of Cryptosporidium spp. in calves from the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (5supl1) ◽  
pp. 2437-2444
Author(s):  
Thábata dos Anjos Pacheco ◽  
Felippe Danyel Cardoso Martins ◽  
Sayanne Luns Hatum de Almeida ◽  
Thiago Borges Fernandes Semedo ◽  
Michelle Igarashi Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
18S Rrna ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
The State ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Cryptosporidium Spp ◽  
Gp60 Gene ◽  
Wide Range

Cryptosporidium spp. is a protozoan that infects a wide range of vertebrate hosts; it has been reported to be the cause of severe illness or death in livestock worldwide, which leads to decreased performance and production losses, especially in young animals. This study investigated the presence of Cryptosporidium in calves from beef farms in the state of Mato Grosso, midwestern Brazil. For this purpose, fecal samples from 237 animals aged ? 45 days, raised in 20 rural properties were subjected to DNA extraction and nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) targeting 18S ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA) gene followed by sequencing. Additionally, positive samples, previously identified as Cryptosporidium parvum by sequencing and phylogenetic analyses based on 18S rRNA gene, were subsequently analyzed focusing the amplification and sequencing using nPCR of a fragment of the 60 kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene. Of the 237 fecal samples analyzed by PCR (18S rRNA), 50 (21.1%) fecal samples were positive for Cryptosporidium spp., while 14 (70%) of the 20 properties had at least one positive animal. The following Cryptosporidium species were detected: C. bovis, C. parvum, and C. ryanae. Thereafter, two potentially zoonotic subtypes (IIaA15G2R1 and IIaA16G3R1) of C. parvum were identified based on gp60 gene sequences. This study resulted in the detection of subtype IIaA16G3R1 for the first time in South America and showed a wide distribution of the protozoan in beef farms in the studied area of the State.

scholarly journals Molecular prevalence of Theileria infections in cattle in Yanbian, north-eastern China

Parasite ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Lijun Jia ◽  
Shaowei Zhao ◽  
Suzhu Xie ◽  
Hang Li ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern China ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Protozoan Parasites ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Bovine Theileriosis ◽  
And Control ◽  
Bovine Erythrocytes

Bovine Theileria are tick-borne protozoan parasites that invade bovine erythrocytes and lymphocytes. Three main bovine Theileria species have been identified in China: T. orientalis, T. sinensis, and T. annulata. To examine the prevalence of bovine theileriosis in Yanbian, a total of 584 bovine blood samples were collected from five localities from 2017 to 2019 and analyzed by PCR. Six pairs of oligonucleotide primers directed against the 18S rRNA gene of Theileria spp., Tams-1 gene of T. annulata, MPSP gene of T. orientalis, and T. sinensis, were used to detect these parasites. A sequence analysis of the amplified genes confirmed that the Theileria species were T. orientalis and T. sinensis, without T. annulata. The overall prevalence of Theileria in cattle was 42.81% (250/584). Out of the 584 samples, 159 (27.23%) and 157 (26.88%) were positive for T. sinensis and T. orientalis, respectively, and the mixed infection rate was 11.30% (66/584). The total prevalence of bovine Theileria species in Helong, Hunchun, Longjing, Yanji, and Dunhua was 66.28%, 49.68%, 23.81%, 28.15%, and 0%, respectively. These results provide epidemiological data for the prevention and control of bovine Theileria species in Yanbian, China.

scholarly journals Prevalence and species identification of Cryptosporidium spp. in the newborn dairy calves from Muang District, Khon Kaen Province, Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1454-1459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phennarin Doungmala ◽  
Patchara Phuektes ◽  
Weerapol Taweenan ◽  
Somboon Sangmaneedet ◽  
Ornampai Japa
Keyword(s):  
18S Rrna ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Amplification ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Cryptosporidium Spp ◽  
Cryptosporidium Oocysts ◽  
Khon Kaen ◽  
Acid Fast Staining

Aim: This study aims to determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. infection and to identify the species of Cryptosporidium spp. in newborn dairy calves between December 2016 and March 2017 in Muang District, Khon Kaen Province, Thailand. Materials and Methods: A total of 200 fecal samples from newborn dairy calves of the ages 1 day up to 28 days were collected and the presence of Cryptosporidium oocysts was examined microscopically using the modified Kinyoun's acid-fast staining technique. Then, Cryptosporidium species were identified using nested polymerase chain reaction amplification of 18S rRNA gene and sequencing. Results: The modified Kinyoun's acid-fast staining revealed the presence of Cryptosporidium oocysts in 51% (102/200). Sequence analysis of the 18S rRNA gene identified two species, namely, Cryptosporidium bovis (n=11) and Cryptosporidium ryanae (n=11) and one isolated strain could not be identified. Conclusion: This study indicated that newborn dairy calves aging up to 4 weeks were highly infected with Cryptosporidium spp., and the infection mostly occurred in diarrheic dairy calves. This is the first report of Cryptosporidium in dairy calves in Khon Kaen Province and the results provide baseline information for further studies and control of Cryptosporidium infection in dairy calves in the study area.

scholarly journals The Cryptosporidium “Mouse” Genotype Is Conserved across Geographic Areas

1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 1302-1305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Una M. Morgan ◽  
Anthony P. Sturdee ◽  
Grant Singleton ◽  
M. Soledad Gomez ◽  
Mercedes Gracenea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cryptosporidium Parvum ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
House Mice ◽  
Mus Domesticus ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Acetyl Coenzyme A ◽  
Mouse Genotype ◽  
Wild House Mice

A 298-bp region of the Cryptosporidium parvum 18S rRNA gene and a 390-bp region of the acetyl coenzyme A synthetase gene were sequenced for a range of Cryptosporidium isolates from wild house mice (Mus domesticus), a bat (Myotus adversus), and cattle from different geographical areas. Previous research has identified a distinct genotype, referred to as the “mouse”-derived Cryptosporidium genotype, common to isolates from Australian mice. Comparison of a wider range of Australian mouse isolates with United Kingdom and Spanish isolates from mice and cattle and also an Australian bat-derived Cryptosporidium isolate revealed that the “mouse” genotype is conserved across geographic areas. Mice are also susceptible to infection with the “cattle”Cryptosporidium genotype, which has important implications for their role as reservoirs of infection for humans and domestic animals.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document