scholarly journals Identification and expression profile of the soil moisture and Ralstonia solanacearum response CYPome in ginger (Zingiber officinale)

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11755
Author(s):  
Mengjun Huang ◽  
Haitao Xing ◽  
Zhexin Li ◽  
Honglei Li ◽  
Lin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Gibberellin Biosynthesis ◽  
Allene Oxide ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Expression Of Genes

Background Cytochrome P450s play crucial roles in various biosynthetic reactions. Ginger (Zingiber officinale), which is often threatened by Ralstonia solanacearum, is the most economically important crop in the family Zingiberaceae. Whether the cytochrome P450 complement (CYPome) significantly responds to this pathogen has remained unclear. Methods Transcriptomic responses to R. solanacearum and soil moisture were analyzed in ginger, and expression profiles of the CYPome were determined based on transcriptome data. Results A total of 821 P450 unigenes with ORFs ≥ 300 bp were identified. Forty percent soil moisture suppressed several key P450 unigenes involved in the biosynthesis of flavonoids, gingerols, and jasmonates, including unigenes encoding flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase, flavonoid 3′,5′-hydroxylase, steroid 22-alpha-hydroxylase, cytochrome P450 family 724 subfamily B polypeptide 1, and allene oxide synthase. Conversely, the expression of P450 unigenes involved in gibberellin biosynthesis and abscisic acid catabolism, encoding ent-kaurene oxidase and abscisic acid 8′-hydroxylase, respectively, were promoted by 40% soil moisture. Under R. solanacearum infection, the expression of P450 unigenes involved in the biosynthesis of the above secondary metabolites were changed, but divergent expression patterns were observed under different soil moisture treatments. High moisture repressed expression of genes involved in flavonoid, brassinosteroid, gingerol, and jasmonate biosynthesis, but promoted expression of genes involved in GA anabolism and ABA catabolism. These results suggest possible mechanisms for how high moisture causes elevated susceptibility to R. solanacearum infection.

Comparative expression profiles of maize genes from a water stress-specific cDNA macroarray in response to high-salinity, cold or abscisic acid

Plant Science ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 170 (6) ◽  
pp. 1125-1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Zheng ◽  
Jinfeng Zhao ◽  
Jinpeng Zhang ◽  
Junjie Fu ◽  
Mingyue Gou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Cdna Macroarray

scholarly journals Abscisic Acid Priming Creates Alkaline Tolerance in Alfalfa Seedlings (Medicago sativa L.)

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 608
Author(s):  
Tian-Jiao Wei ◽  
Ming-Ming Wang ◽  
Yang-Yang Jin ◽  
Guo-Hui Zhang ◽  
Miao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Leaf Damage ◽  
Alkaline Stress ◽  
Acid Pretreatment ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Alkaline Tolerance ◽  
Alkaline Conditions ◽  
Medicago Sativa L

Soil alkalization triggers ion toxicity and osmotic and alkaline (high pH) stresses in plants, damaging their growth and productivity. Therefore, we investigated whether priming with abscisic acid (ABA) increases the tolerance of alfalfa seedlings to alkaline stress, and then examined the underlying molecular mechanisms. Alfalfa seedlings were pretreated with ABA (10 μM) for 16 h and then subjected to alkaline stress using a 15 mM Na2CO3 solution (pH 10.87). Compared with the control, ABA pretreatment significantly alleviated leaf damage and improved the fresh weight, water content, and survival rate of alfalfa seedlings under alkaline conditions. Abscisic acid pretreatment reduced accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), increased activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD), maintained higher ratios of K+/Na+, Ca2+/Na+, and Mg2+/Na+, and increased accumulation of proline. In addition, ABA upregulated the expression of genes involved in proline biosynthesis (P5CS) and the sequestration of Na+ in vacuoles (NHX1 and AVP) under alkaline conditions. Abscisic acid priming increased tolerance to alkaline stress by maintaining homeostasis of ROS and metal ions and upregulating osmoprotection and the expression of stress tolerance-related genes.

Chemical regulation of abscisic acid catabolism in plants by cytochrome P450 inhibitors

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 4491-4498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobutaka Kitahata ◽  
Shigeki Saito ◽  
Yutaka Miyazawa ◽  
Taishi Umezawa ◽  
Yukihisa Shimada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Chemical Regulation ◽  
P450 Inhibitors

scholarly journals Spatially resolved transcriptomics in immersive environments

2022 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Bienroth ◽  
Hieu T. Nim ◽  
Dimitar Garkov ◽  
Karsten Klein ◽  
Sabrina Jaeger-Honz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Immersive Environments ◽  
Visualization System ◽  
Head Mounted Display ◽  
Spatially Resolved ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Fish Tank

AbstractSpatially resolved transcriptomics is an emerging class of high-throughput technologies that enable biologists to systematically investigate the expression of genes along with spatial information. Upon data acquisition, one major hurdle is the subsequent interpretation and visualization of the datasets acquired. To address this challenge, VR-Cardiomicsis presented, which is a novel data visualization system with interactive functionalities designed to help biologists interpret spatially resolved transcriptomic datasets. By implementing the system in two separate immersive environments, fish tank virtual reality (FTVR) and head-mounted display virtual reality (HMD-VR), biologists can interact with the data in novel ways not previously possible, such as visually exploring the gene expression patterns of an organ, and comparing genes based on their 3D expression profiles. Further, a biologist-driven use-case is presented, in which immersive environments facilitate biologists to explore and compare the heart expression profiles of different genes.

scholarly journals Viral fitness predicts the magnitude and direction of perturbations in the infected host transcriptome

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Héctor Cervera ◽  
Silvia Ambrós ◽  
Guillermo P. Bernet ◽  
Guillermo Rodrigo ◽  
Santiago F. Elena
Keyword(s):  
Rna Silencing ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Viral Fitness ◽  
Evolutionary Potential ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Darwinian Fitness ◽  
Functional Classes ◽  
Host Genes

Determining the fitness of viral genotypes has become a standard practice in virology as it is essential to evaluate their evolutionary potential. Darwinian fitness, defined as the advantage of a given genotype with respect to a reference one, is a mesoscopic property that captures into a single figure differences in performance at every stage of viral infection. But to which extent viral fitness results from particular molecular interactions with host factors and regulatory networks during infection? Can we identify host genes, and then functional classes, whose expression depends on viral fitness? Here, we compared the transcriptomes of tobacco plants infected with seven genotypes of tobacco etch potyvirus (TEV) that differ in fitness. We found that the larger the fitness differences among genotypes, the more dissimilar the transcriptomic profiles are. Consistently, two different mutations, one in the viral RNA polymerase and another in the viral suppressor of RNA silencing, that led to close fitness values, also resulted in significantly similar gene expression profiles. Moreover, we identified host genes whose expression showed a significant correlation, positive or negative, with TEV fitness. Over-expression of genes with positive correlation activates hormone-and RNA silencing-mediated pathways of plant defense. By contrast, under-expression of genes negatively correlated reduces metabolism, growth, and development. Overall, these results reveal the high information content of viral fitness, and suggest its potential use to predict differences in genomic profiles of infected hosts.

scholarly journals Response of Native White Sorghum to Irrigation under Different Nitrogen-Fertility Levels and Seeding Rates in Lajas Valley, Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-112
Author(s):  
R. Vázquez ◽  
A. Eschenwald-Hess ◽  
M. J. Martínez-Luciano
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Nitrogen Fertility ◽  
Native White ◽  
Active Root

A field experiment was conducted at Lajas Substation in order to study the effects of four irrigation and three nitrogen levels under three different seeding rates on dry-matter yields of White Native sorghum. The following irrigation treatments were tried: High moisture, plots irrigated when the average soil-moisture suction in the active root-zone reached 0.7 atm.; medium moisture, irrigated when the average soil-moisture suction reached 2.0 atm.; low moisture, irrigated when the average soil-moisture suction reached 5.0 atm., and nonirrigated plots were used as check. The nitrogen levels tested were 40, 80, and 120 pounds per acre per harvest. The seeding rates used were 10, 20, and 30 pounds per acre.

scholarly journals Premature differentiation of nephron progenitor cell and dysregulation of gene pathways critical to kidney development in a model of preterm birth

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Cwiek ◽  
Masako Suzuki ◽  
Kimberly deRonde ◽  
Mark Conaway ◽  
Kevin M. Bennett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Kidney Development ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Nephron Progenitor ◽  
Lower Expression ◽  
Nephrogenic Zone

AbstractPreterm birth is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity. Survivors have a greater risk for kidney dysfunction and hypertension. Little is known about the molecular changes that occur in the kidney of individuals born preterm. Here, we demonstrate that mice delivered two days prior to full term gestation undergo premature cessation of nephrogenesis, resulting in a lower glomerular density. Kidneys from preterm and term groups exhibited differences in gene expression profiles at 20- and 27-days post-conception, including significant differences in the expression of fat-soluble vitamin-related genes. Kidneys of the preterm mice exhibited decreased proportions of endothelial cells and a lower expression of genes promoting angiogenesis compared to the term group. Kidneys from the preterm mice also had altered nephron progenitor subpopulations, early Six2 depletion, and altered Jag1 expression in the nephrogenic zone, consistent with premature differentiation of nephron progenitor cells. In conclusion, preterm birth alone was sufficient to shorten the duration of nephrogenesis and cause premature differentiation of nephron progenitor cells. These candidate genes and pathways may provide targets to improve kidney health in preterm infants.

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