scholarly journals Effectiveness of various bioreactors for thraustochytrid culture and production (Aurantiochytruim limacinum BUCHAXM 122)

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11405
Author(s):  
Khanoksinee Sirirak ◽  
Sorawit Powtongsook ◽  
Sudarat Suanjit ◽  
Somtawin Jaritkhuan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Aeration Rate ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Stirred Tank Bioreactor ◽  
Fatty Acid Production ◽  
Reactor Types ◽  
Dha Production ◽  
Optimized Conditions

This study aimed to develop bioreactors for cultivation of thraustochytrid, Aurantiochytrium limacinum BUCHAXM 122, that are low in cost and simple to operate. Obtaining maximum biomass and fatty acid production was a prerequisite. Three bioreactor designs were used: stirred tank bioreactor (STB), bubble bioreactor (BB) and internal loop airlift bioreactor (ILAB). The bioreactors were evaluated for their influence on oxygen mass transfer coefficient (kLa), using various spargers, mixing speed, and aeration rates. Biomass and DHA production from STB, BB, ILAB were then compared with an incubator shaker, using batch culture experiments. Results showed that a bundle of eight super-fine pore air stones was the best type of aeration sparger for all three bioreactors. Optimal culture conditions in STB were 600 rpm agitation speed and 2 vvm aeration rate, while 2 vvm and 1.5 vvm aeration provided highest biomass productivity in BB and ILAB, respectively. Antifoam agent was needed for all reactor types in order to reduce excessive foaming. Results indicated that with optimized conditions, these bioreactors are capable of thraustochytrid cultivation with a similar efficiency as cultivation using a rotary shaker. STB had the highest kLa and provided the highest biomass of 43.05 ± 0.35 g/L at 48 h. BB was simple in design, had low operating costs and was easy to build, but yielded the lowest biomass (27.50 ± 1.56 g/L). ILAB, on the other hand, had lower kLa than STB, but provided highest fatty acid productivity, of 35.36 ± 2.51% TFA.

Influence of different reactor types on Nannochloropsis oculata microalgae culture for lipids and fatty acid production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria del Rosario Martínez‐Macias ◽  
Rocio Janeth Aguilar‐Ruiz ◽  
Omar Nateras‐Ramírez ◽  
Dalia Isabel Sánchez‐Machado ◽  
Jaime López‐Cervantes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Nannochloropsis Oculata ◽  
Fatty Acid Production ◽  
Microalgae Culture ◽  
Reactor Types

Improvement of culture conditions for cell biomass and fatty acid production by marine thraustochytrid F24-2

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 329-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Violeta Ugalde ◽  
Roberto E. Armenta ◽  
Azadeh Kermanshahi-pour ◽  
Zhiyong Sun ◽  
Kevin T. Berryman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Fatty Acid Production ◽  
Cell Biomass

scholarly journals A Study on the Effect of Macro- and Micro- Nutrients on Nannochloropsis oceanica Growth, Fatty Acid Composition and Magnetic Harvesting Efficiency

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria G. Savvidou ◽  
Elenitsa Boli ◽  
Dimitrios Logothetis ◽  
Theopisti Lymperopoulou ◽  
Angelo Ferraro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Nannochloropsis Oceanica ◽  
Fatty Acid Production ◽  
Electrostatic Charges ◽  
Phosphorus Deprivation ◽  
Harvesting Efficiency

The effect of iron, manganese, phosphorus and nitrogen on growth and lipid synthesis of the microalgae Nannochloropsis oceanica CCMP1779, as well as their impact on the magnetic harvesting efficiency, are examined under their depriving cell culture conditions. Herein, it is demonstrated that nitrogen and manganese depletion primarily reduced cell growth while phosphorus and iron restriction led to higher dry biomass. Subsequently, the role of those nutrients on fatty acids profile was examined. Phosphorus and nitrogen restriction resulted in lower and higher lipid content, respectively. High amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids like eicosapentaenoic acid are produced under iron and manganese depletion. Phosphorus deprivation favors monounsaturated fatty acids such as C18:1 and C16:1, while nitrogen restriction favors saturated fatty acid production like C14:0, C16:0 and C18:0. Since the presence/absence of macro- and micro-elements may affect the overall electrostatic charges on the outmost microalgae surface, it was also analyzed how these elements affect the magnetic harvesting efficiency. Results showed that phosphorus deprivation led to the best magnetic harvesting efficiency of N. oceanica cells (93%) as compared to other nutrient starvation as well as standard medium.

scholarly journals Effects of Co-culture on Improved Productivity and Bioresource for Microalgal Biomass Using the Floc-Forming Bacteria Melaminivora Jejuensis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Hyun Kim ◽  
Hyun-Sik Yun ◽  
Young-Saeng Kim ◽  
Jong-Guk Kim
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Chlorella Sorokiniana ◽  
Algal Culture ◽  
Sedimentation Rates ◽  
Microalgal Biomass ◽  
Algal Cultures

Bacterial and algal floc formation was induced by inoculating three species of wastewater-derived bacteria (Melaminivora jejuensis, Comamonas flocculans, and Escherichia coli) into algal cultures (Chlorella sorokiniana). Bacterial and algal flocs formed in algal cultures inoculated with M. jejuensis and C. flocculans, and these flocs showed higher sedimentation rates than pure algal culture. The floc formed by M. jejuensis (4988.46 ± 2589.81 μm) was 10-fold larger than the floc formed by C. flocculans (488.60 ± 226.22 μm), with a three-fold higher sedimentation rate (M. jejuensis, 91.08 ± 2.32% and C. flocculans, 32.55 ± 6.33%). Biomass and lipid productivity were improved with M. jejuensis inoculation [biomass, 102.25 ± 0.35 mg/(L·day) and 57.80 ± 0.20 mg/(L·day)] compared with the productivity obtained under pure algal culture conditions [biomass, 78.00 ± 3.89 mg/(L·day) and lipids, 42.26 ± 2.11 mg/(L·day)]. Furthermore, the fatty acid composition of the biomass produced under pure algal culture conditions was mainly composed of C16:0 (43.67%) and C18:2 (45.99%), whereas the fatty acid composition of the biomass produced by M. jejuensis was mainly C16:0 (31.80%), C16:1 (24.45%), C18:1 (20.23%), and C18:2 (16.11%). These results suggest the possibility of developing an efficient method for harvesting microalgae using M. jejuensis and provide information on how to improve biomass productivity using floc-forming bacteria.

scholarly journals Manipulation of Culture Conditions: Tool for Correlating/Improving Lipid and Carotenoid Production by Rhodotorula glutinis

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora Elfeky ◽  
Mostafa Elmahmoudy ◽  
Yongming Bao
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Rhodotorula Glutinis ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Cellular Lipid ◽  
Fatty Acid Production ◽  
Carotenoid Production ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Dry Cell Weight ◽  
The Impact

The coproduction of lipid and carotenoid by red yeasts in one cycle is more convenient and economical for the industrial sectors, while the kinetics correlation between both products under different culture conditions has been scarcely studied. This study is aiming to correlate the impact of different carbon sources, carbon to phosphorus ratio (C/P), temperature, aeration, pH, and metals on dry cell weight, lipid (GC and fluorescence microscope), and carotenoid (HPLC) production by Rhodotorula glutinis, and applying a novel feeding approach using a 5 L bioreactor to enhance carotenoid and unsaturated fatty acid production by R. glutinis. Whatever the culture condition is, the reversible correlation between lipid and carotenoid production was detected. Remarkably, when adding 0.1 mM BaCl2, cellular lipid was significantly increased 14% more than the control, with 79.3% unsaturated fatty acid (46% C18:2 and C18:3) and 50% γ-carotene, while adding 1 mM NiSO4, cellular carotenoid was enhanced around 53% than the control (torulene 88%) with 81% unsaturated fatty acid (61% oleic acid). Excitingly, 68.8 g/l biomass with 41% cellular lipid (79% unsaturated fatty acid) and 426 µgpigment/gdcw cellular carotenoid (29.3 mg/L) (71% torulene) were obtained, when the pH-temperature dual controlled process combined with metallo-sulfo-phospho-glucose feeding approach in the 5 L bioreactor during the accumulation phase was conducted. This is the first study on the kinetic correlation between lipid and carotenoid under different C/P ratio and the dual effect of different metals like NiSO4 on lipid and carotenoid production by red oleaginous yeasts, which in turn significant for enhancing the coproduction of lipid and carotenoid by R. glutinis.

scholarly journals Influence of Nitrogen and Phosphorus on Microalgal Growth, Biomass, Lipid, and Fatty Acid Production: An Overview

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maizatul Azrina Yaakob ◽  
Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed ◽  
Adel Al-Gheethi ◽  
Ravishankar Aswathnarayana Gokare ◽  
Ranga Rao Ambati
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Microalgae Cultivation ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Fatty Acid Production

Microalgae can be used as a source of alternative food, animal feed, biofuel, fertilizer, cosmetics, nutraceuticals and for pharmaceutical purposes. The extraction of organic constituents from microalgae cultivated in the different nutrient compositions is influenced by microalgal growth rates, biomass yield and nutritional content in terms of lipid and fatty acid production. In this context, nutrient composition plays an important role in microalgae cultivation, and depletion and excessive sources of this nutrient might affect the quality of biomass. Investigation on the role of nitrogen and phosphorus, which are crucial for the growth of algae, has been addressed. However, there are challenges for enhancing nutrient utilization efficiently for large scale microalgae cultivation. Hence, this study aims to highlight the level of nitrogen and phosphorus required for microalgae cultivation and focuses on the benefits of nitrogen and phosphorus for increasing biomass productivity of microalgae for improved lipid and fatty acid quantities. Furthermore, the suitable extraction methods that can be used to utilize lipid and fatty acids from microalgae for biofuel have also been reviewed.

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