scholarly journals Measurement invariance of the distress tolerance scale among university students with and without a history of non-suicidal self-injury

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e10915
Author(s):  
Ashley Slabbert ◽  
Penelope Hasking ◽  
Danyelle Greene ◽  
Mark Boyes
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Lower Order ◽  
Distress Tolerance ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
History Of ◽  
Order Four

Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is the intentional damage to one’s body tissue in the absence of suicidal intent. NSSI primarily serves an emotion regulation function, with individuals engaging in self-injury to escape intense or unwanted emotion. Low distress tolerance has been identified as a mechanism that underlies self-injury, and is commonly assessed using the self-report Distress Tolerance Scale. There are mixed findings regarding the factor structure of the Distress Tolerance Scale, with some researchers utilising a higher-order distress tolerance score (derived from the scores on the four lower-order subscales) and other researchers using the four subscales as unique predictors of psychological outcomes. Neither of these factor structures have been assessed among individuals with a history of self-injury. Of note, an inability to tolerate distress (thought to underlie NSSI) may limit an individual’s capacity to accurately observe and report specific thoughts and emotions experienced in a state of heightened distress, which may impact the validity of scores on the Distress Tolerance Scale. Therefore, measurement invariance should be established before attributing NSSI-related differences on the scale to true differences in distress tolerance. We compared the Distress Tolerance Scale higher-order model with the lower-order four factor model among university students with and without a history of NSSI. Our results indicated that the lower-order four factor model was a significantly better fit to the data than the higher-order model. We then tested the measurement invariance of this lower-order factor model among individuals with and without a history of NSSI, and established configural and full metric invariance, followed by partial scalar and full residual error invariance. These results suggest the four subscales of the Distress Tolerance Scale can be used to confidently discern NSSI-related differences in distress tolerance.

Construct Validation of the Trauma Symptom Checklist–40 Total and Subscale Scores

Assessment ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 1016-1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jala Rizeq ◽  
David B. Flora ◽  
Doug McCann
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Multiple Trauma ◽  
Complex Trauma ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Symptom Checklist ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Trauma Symptom ◽  
History Of ◽  
Trauma Symptomatology

The Trauma Symptom Checklist–40 (TSC-40) is commonly used in clinical research to index history of childhood maltreatment and assess complex trauma symptomatology in adults. Yet the dimensional structure of this measure has not been examined. We examined the factor structure of the TSC-40 in a sample of 706 undergraduate students, measurement invariance of the TSC-40 across groups with or without a history of abuse-related and multiple trauma, and the association between the TSC-40 and other trauma indices. A higher order model of complex trauma symptomatology was optimal. The higher order model also demonstrated strong measurement invariance across participants with or without abuse-related and multiple trauma histories. The current findings support the dimensional structure of the TSC-40, as well as extending and revising its subscale composition. This study provided support for using the TSC-40 to measure trauma symptoms across groups exposed to different and multiple types of trauma and provided further evidence for the construct of complex trauma symptomatology.

scholarly journals “Test Your Spirituality in One Minute or Less” Structural Validity of the Multidimensional Inventory for Religious/Spiritual Well-Being Short Version (MI-RSWB 12)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Fuchshuber ◽  
Human F. Unterrainer
Keyword(s):  
Lower Order ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Bifactor Model ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Structural Validity ◽  
Spiritual Well Being

Background: The Multidimensional Inventory for Religious/Spiritual Well-Being (MI-RSWB 48) was developed in order to address a religious/spiritual dimension as being an important part of psychological well-being. In the meantime, the instrument has been successfully applied in numerous studies. Subsequently, a short version, the MI-RSWB 12 was constructed, especially for the use in clinical assessment. Here it is intended to contribute to the further development of the MI-RSWB 12 by investigating its structural validity through structural equation modeling.Materials and Methods: A total sample of 1,097 German-speaking adults (744 females; 67.8%; Age range: 18–69 years) from the normal population filled in the MI-RSWB 12 via an online-survey. In line with theoretical assumptions 5 different factor structure models for the MI-RSWB 12 were tested: (1) a single-factor model, (2) a model with four correlated RSWB dimensions, (3) a single higher-order model with four lower order factors, (4) a two higher-order model with four lower order factors, (5) a bifactor model, which includes four specific RSWB dimensions.Results: The single-factor model provided the poorest model fit, with no indices falling within the acceptable range. The four-factor, two higher-order factors and the bifactor models showed overall acceptable fit indices. With regard to the Akaike information criterion (AIC), the four-factor model demonstrated superiority compared to both the two higher-order factor model and the bifactor model, which in turn showed did not differ from each other.Conclusion: Four different MI-RSWB 12 sub-scales should be calculated in future studies, while a general factor and two higher order factors are statistically valid as well. Further applications of the MI-RSWB 12, especially in the clinical patient groups, are encouraged.

scholarly journals Measurement Invariance of Perfectionism Measures in Students with and without a History of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10171
Author(s):  
Kate E. Tonta ◽  
Mark Boyes ◽  
Joel Howell ◽  
Peter McEvoy ◽  
Penelope Hasking
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Bifactor Model ◽  
Residual Error ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Partial Metric ◽  
Total N ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
History Of ◽  
Metric Invariance

Perfectionism is a transdiagnostic process which may be implicated in the onset and maintenance of non-suicidal self-injury. No study has evaluated whether reported differences in perfectionism between individuals with and without a history of self-injury represent genuine group differences or measurement artefacts. The present study reports an investigation of the measurement invariance of two common scales of perfectionism, the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale-Brief (FMPS-Brief) and the Clinical Perfectionism Questionnaire (CPQ), among university students (Mage = 20.48, SDage = 2.22, 75.3% female, 22.8% male) with and without a history of self-injury (total n = 711). Results revealed full residual error invariance for the two-factor model of FMPS-Brief, while the bifactor model of the FMPS-Brief and the two-factor model of the CPQ demonstrated partial metric invariance. Accounting for partial metric invariance, the bifactor model of the FMPS-Brief also demonstrated partial residual error invariance. The current findings suggest that observed differences using the FMPS-Brief reflect genuine differences in perfectionism between individuals with and without a history of self-injury. Further, while researchers using the bi-factor model can have confidence that the general factor can adequately assess group differences, differential item functioning should be considered if using the strivings and concerns factors. Finally, in the current data, the CPQ did not perform as expected in baseline model fit and future research should replicate assessments of measurement invariance in this measure.

Measurement Invariance Across Gender on the Second-Order Five-Factor Model of the German Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–Fifth Edition

Assessment ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 1836-1852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franz Pauls ◽  
Monika Daseking ◽  
Franz Petermann
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Visual Spatial ◽  
Scalar Invariance

The present study investigated measurement invariance across gender on the German Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–Fifth Edition (WISC-V). The higher order model that was preferred by the test publishers was tested on a population-representative German sample of 1,411 children and adolescents aged between 6 and 16 years. Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to test for measurement invariance. As soon as partial scalar invariance could be established by freeing nonequivalent subtest intercepts, results demonstrated that 11 out of 15 subtest scores have the same meaning for male and female children. These findings support interpretable comparisons of the WISC-V test scores between males and females but only in due consideration of partial scalar invariance and with respect to the underlying factor structure. Despite this, however, results did not support the overall structural validity of the higher order model. Thus, replacing the former Perceptual Reasoning factor by Fluid Reasoning and Visual Spatial may be considered inappropriate due to the redundancy of the FRI as a separate factor. Results also indicated that the WISC-V provides stronger measurement of general intelligence ( Full Scale IQ) than measurements of cognitive subdomains (WISC-V indexes). Interpretative emphasis should thus be placed on the Full Scale IQ rather than the WISC-V indexes.

Challenging the Multidimensional Conception of Perceived Person-Environment Fit

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Julian M. Etzel ◽  
Gabriel Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
University Students ◽  
Educational Outcomes ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Substantial Proportion ◽  
Unique Variance ◽  
First Order ◽  
Person Environment Fit ◽  
Order Factor

Abstract. In the current study, we examined the viability of a multidimensional conception of perceived person-environment (P-E) fit in higher education. We introduce an optimized 12-item measure that distinguishes between four content dimensions of perceived P-E fit: interest-contents (I-C) fit, needs-supplies (N-S) fit, demands-abilities (D-A) fit, and values-culture (V-C) fit. The central aim of our study was to examine whether the relationships between different P-E fit dimensions and educational outcomes can be accounted for by a higher-order factor that captures the shared features of the four fit dimensions. Relying on a large sample of university students in Germany, we found that students distinguish between the proposed fit dimensions. The respective first-order factors shared a substantial proportion of variance and conformed to a higher-order factor model. Using a newly developed factor extension procedure, we found that the relationships between the first-order factors and most outcomes were not fully accounted for by the higher-order factor. Rather, with the exception of V-C fit, all specific P-E fit factors that represent the first-order factors’ unique variance showed reliable and theoretically plausible relationships with different outcomes. These findings support the viability of a multidimensional conceptualization of P-E fit and the validity of our adapted instrument.

scholarly journals DETERMINANTS OF LATENT PROFILES IN HIGHER-ORDER THINKING SKILLS OF KOREAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 483-498
Author(s):  
Soo Eun Chae ◽  
Mi-Suk Lee
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Lower Order ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Higher Order Thinking ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Logistic Analysis ◽  
Latent Profile

Past research on higher-order thinking (HOT) was mainly conducted on the bases of educational context in U.S. or western countries. This research aimed to see what kinds of HOT styles actually appear in universtiy students in South Korea. The use of HOT skills were explored in Korean universtiy students and the factors influencing the classification were examined. 1,138 Korean university students were called to respond to Lee’s (2016) Higher-Order-Thinking-Scale for Korean University Students (HOTUS). Then, a latent profile analysis and the multinomial logistic analysis were conducted. The latent profile analysis revealed that the use of HOT skills could be classified into four classes (i.e., a lower-order thinking class, a creative-argumentative class, an analytical-caring class, and a higher-order thinking class). Gender, year, and instructional approach were the determinants of latent profile types. However, there were no differences when measured by academic fields. Students with lower years were likely to fall under lower-order thinking class. The probability that men was classified as a caring class was statistically significantly lower than that of women. Students who received lecturer-centered learning were more likely to fall under the analytical and caring class. Keywords: higher-order thinking skill, latent profile analysis, multinomial logistic analysis.

Scaling of detonation velocity in cylinder and slab geometries for ideal, insensitive and non-ideal explosives

2015 ◽  
Vol 773 ◽  
pp. 224-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott I. Jackson ◽  
Mark Short
Keyword(s):  
Phase Velocity ◽  
Detonation Velocity ◽  
Lower Order ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Slab Thickness ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Scaling Behaviour ◽  
Geometric Scaling ◽  
Shock Curvature

Experiments were conducted to characterize the detonation phase-velocity dependence on charge thickness for two-dimensional detonation in condensed-phase explosive slabs of PBX 9501, PBX 9502 and ANFO. In combination with previous diameter-effect measurements from a cylindrical rate-stick geometry, these data permit examination of the relative scaling of detonation phase velocity between axisymmetric and two-dimensional detonation. We find that the ratio of cylinder radius ($R$) to slab thickness ($T$) at each detonation phase velocity ($D_{0}$) is such that $R(D_{0})/T(D_{0})<1$. The variation in the $R(D_{0})/T(D_{0})$ scaling is investigated with two detonation shock dynamics (DSD) models: a lower-order model relates the normal detonation velocity to local shock curvature, while a higher-order model includes the effect of front acceleration and transverse flow. The experimentally observed $R(D_{0})/T(D_{0})$ (${<}1$) scaling behaviour for PBX 9501 and PBX 9502 is captured by the lower-order DSD theory, revealing that the variation in the scale factor is due to a difference in the slab and axisymmetric components of the curvature along the shock in the cylindrical geometry. The higher-order DSD theory is required to capture the observed $R(D_{0})/T(D_{0})$ (${<}1$) scaling behaviour for ANFO. An asymptotic analysis of the lower-order DSD formulation describes the geometric scaling of the detonation phase velocity between the cylinder and slab geometries as the detonation phase velocity approaches the Chapman–Jouguet value.

Measurement Invariance of Three Brief Emotion Regulation Questionnaires in People With and Without a History of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 835-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn Kiekens ◽  
Penelope Hasking ◽  
Mark Boyes
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Cognitive Emotion Regulation ◽  
Statistical Inferences ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Difficulties In Emotion Regulation ◽  
History Of

Abstract. In this study, we investigated the factor structure and measurement invariance of three brief emotion regulation questionnaires in samples of young adults (17–30 years) with and without a history of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI; n = 705–836). Results revealed configural, full metric, and full scalar invariance for the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale – Short Form (DERS-SF) and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire – Short (CERQ-S). In addition, the CERQ-S also showed full residual error invariance. In contrast, the proposed factor structure of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) was not confirmed in either sample. Further, we observed that some items function differently for people who self-injure and people who do not, which could result in artificial differences being reported in use of cognitive reappraisal. While the current findings offer confidence that observed differences using the DERS-SF and CERQ-S reflect reliable discrepancies in emotion regulation processes between people who self-injure and do not, the validity of statistical inferences using the ERQ could not be ensured and need further psychometric evaluation.

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