scholarly journals The use of artificial substrate units to improve inventories of cryptic crustacean species on Caribbean coral reefs

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e10389
Author(s):  
Luz Verónica Monroy-Velázquez ◽  
Rosa E. Rodríguez-Martínez ◽  
Paul Blanchon ◽  
Fernando Alvarez
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Wiener Index ◽  
Artificial Substrate ◽  
Coral Rubble ◽  
Reef Degradation ◽  
Caribbean Coral Reefs ◽  
Species Being ◽  
Reef Zone

Motile cryptofauna inhabiting coral reefs are complex assemblages that utilize the space available among dead coral stands and the surrounding coral rubble substrate. They comprise a group of organisms largely overlooked in biodiversity estimates because they are hard to collect and identify, and their collection causes disturbance that is unsustainable in light of widespread reef degradation. Artificial substrate units (ASUs) provide a better sampling alternative and have the potential to enhance biodiversity estimates. The present study examines the effectiveness of ASUs made with defaunated coral rubble to estimate the diversity of motile cryptic crustaceans in the back-reef zone of the Puerto Morelos Reef National Park, Mexico. Species richness, Simpson’s diversity index, Shannon–Wiener index and the composition of assemblages were compared between ASUs and samples from the surrounding coral rubble substrate. A combined total of 2,740 specimens of 178 different species, belonging to five orders of Crustacea (Amphipoda, Cumacea, Isopoda, Tanaidacea and Decapoda) were collected. Species richness was higher in the surrounding coral rubble and Shannon–Wiener and Simpson indexes were higher in ASUs. Species composition differed between methods, with only 71 species being shared among sampling methods. Decapoda was more speciose in ASUs and Peracarids in the surrounding coral rubble. Combining the use of ASUs with surrounding rubble provided a better inventory of motile cryptic crustacean biodiversity, as 65% of the species were represented by one or two specimens.

scholarly journals Coral Fishes Community On The Artificial Coral Reefs Of Kareko Waters, North Lembeh Island District, Bitung City, North Sulawesi

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Gisela Awuy ◽  
Ari B. Rondonuwu ◽  
Alex Denny Kambey
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Artificial Reef ◽  
Scuba Diving ◽  
Reef Fishes ◽  
Artificial Reefs ◽  
Total Density ◽  
Visual Census ◽  
North Sulawesi

The aim of this research is to determine the species richness, individual abundance, and the ecology index of the coral fishes on the artificial reef of Kareko waters,  District of North Lembeh - Bitung City. The data is collected using “Visual Census” technique by scuba diving. The amount of the reef fishes found in the artificial coral reefs were 53 species. The abundance species in the artificial reefs which made from metal were 34 species and which made from concrete were 35 species. The total of number individuals of coral fishes from 47 species is 210.50 individuals/30m2. The total density was 7,017 individuals/m2. The highest relative density on iron-made reefs was found in Dascyllus trimaculatus (15.73%) and and which made from concrete were Dascyllus reticulatus (10.85%).  Based on H’, H’max, and H’min, the diversity Index  of coral fishes in both artificial reefs including high.Keywords : Coral Fishes, Artificial Reef, Kareko ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui kekayaan spesies, kelimpahan individu, dan indeks ekologi ikan karang pada terumbu buatan di Perairan Kareko. Kecamatan Lembeh Utara, Kota Bitung. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik “Sensus Visual” dengan melakukan penyelaman SCUBA. Jumlah spesies ikan karang yang ditemukan pada terumbu buatan yaitu 53 spesies. Kekayaan spesies di terumbu buatan yang terbuat dari besi berjumlah 34 spesies, sedangkan di terumbu buatan beton berjumlah 35 spesies. Kelimpahan individu total ikan karang dari 47 spesies yaitu 210,50 individu/30 m2 sedangkan kepadatan/densitas total adalah 7,017 individu/m2. Kepadatan relative tertinggi untuk terumbu buatan besi ditemukan pada jenis Dascyllus trimaculatus (15,73%) dan untuk terumbu buatan beton ditemukan pada jenis Dascyllus reticulatus (10,85%). Berdasarkan nilai H’, H’max, and H’min, indeks keanekeragaman ikan karang pada kedua jenis terumbu buatan tergolong tinggi.Keywords : Coral Fishes, Artificial Reef, Kareko

scholarly journals LEVANTAMENTO FITOSSOCIOLÓGICO DA VEGETAÇÃO HERBÁCEA-SUBARBUSTIVA DAS DUNAS DA PRAIA DE MASSARANDUPIÓ, MUNICÍPIO DE ENTRE RIOS, BAHIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laene Paixão da Silva ◽  
Ingrid Fabiana Fonseca Amorim ◽  
Eduardo Bezerra de Almeida Jr. ◽  
Valdira de Jesus Santos
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Harsh Environments ◽  
Coastal Vegetation ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Ecological Role ◽  
Total Species Richness ◽  
Entre Rios ◽  
Total Species ◽  
Species Being

Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma análise fitossociológica da composição herbácea e subarbustiva, das dunas no litoral norte da Bahia, com a finalidade de conhecer e caracterizar a comunidade do estrato herbáceo-subarbustivo. A área de estudo está localizada na praia de Massarandupió (12°19´12"S; 37°50´15"W), município de Entre Rios, Bahia. Para amostragem, foram alocadas 50 parcelas de 1m2 ao longo da área e calculados os dados fitossociológico, o índice de diversidade Shannon (H´), equabilidade de Pielou (J´) e riqueza total das espécies. Foram incluídos todos os indivíduos com hábito herbáceo e subarbustivo, sendo coletados 3.804 indivíduos, pertencentes a 12 espécies, distribuídas em nove famílias. As espécies Rhynchospora riparia, Chamaecrista ramosa, Eriocaulon sp. e Comolia ovalifolia apresentaram os maiores valores de importância (VI's). Os valores de (H') e (J') quando calculados com a cobertura vegetal foram, respectivamente, H'c = 1,453 nas/m² e J'c = 0,585. As dunas de Massarandupió apresentaram uma vegetação com ervas e subarbustos distribuídos em moitas. As famílias Fabaceae, Cyperaceae e Poaceae destacaram-se por apresentarem maior número de espécies, sendo predominantes em ambientes de praias, por se adaptarem facilmente em ambientes adversos assim como seu importante papel ecológico, auxiliando na fixação das dunas.ABSTRACTThis study aimed to carry out a phytosociological analysis of the herbaceous and sub-shrub composition of the dunes on the northern coast of Bahia, with the purpose of knowing and characterizing the herbaceous-subshrub community. The study area is located on the beach of Massarandupió (12°19 ́12"S; 37°50 ́15"W), municipality of Entre Rios, Bahia state. For sampling 50 plots of 1m 2 were allocated over the area and the phytosociological data, Shannon diversity index (H ́), Pielou equability (J ́) and total species richness were calculated. The individuals with herbaceous and sub-shrub habit were included in the present study. Were collected 3,804 individuals, belonging to 12 species, distributed in nine families. The species Rhynchospora riparia, Chamaecrista ramosa, Eriocaulon sp. and Comolia ovalifolia presentedthe highest importance values (IV's). The values of (H') and (J') when calculated with the vegetation cover were respectively, H'c = 1.453 nas/m² and J'c = 0.585. Massarandupió dunespresented vegetation with herbs and sub-shrubs distributed in thickets. The families Fabaceae, Cyperaceae and Poaceae stood out for presenting a greater number of species, being predominant in beach environments, for adapting easily in harsh environments as well as their important ecological role, assisting in the fixation of dunes.Keywords: Anthropization; herbaceous structure; Restinga; Northeast coastal vegetation.

scholarly journals Acoustic enrichment can enhance fish community development on degraded coral reef habitat

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy A. C. Gordon ◽  
Andrew N. Radford ◽  
Isla K. Davidson ◽  
Kasey Barnes ◽  
Kieran McCloskey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Fish Community ◽  
Habitat Restoration ◽  
Fish Communities ◽  
Active Management ◽  
Ecosystem Recovery ◽  
Coral Rubble ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Reef Degradation

AbstractCoral reefs worldwide are increasingly damaged by anthropogenic stressors, necessitating novel approaches for their management. Maintaining healthy fish communities counteracts reef degradation, but degraded reefs smell and sound less attractive to settlement-stage fishes than their healthy states. Here, using a six-week field experiment, we demonstrate that playback of healthy reef sound can increase fish settlement and retention to degraded habitat. We compare fish community development on acoustically enriched coral-rubble patch reefs with acoustically unmanipulated controls. Acoustic enrichment enhances fish community development across all major trophic guilds, with a doubling in overall abundance and 50% greater species richness. If combined with active habitat restoration and effective conservation measures, rebuilding fish communities in this manner might accelerate ecosystem recovery at multiple spatial and temporal scales. Acoustic enrichment shows promise as a novel tool for the active management of degraded coral reefs.

scholarly journals Biodiversity Flora and Fauna in the Region Forest Bukit Datuk Dumai Riau Province

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Nur M. Heriyanto ◽  
Ismayadi Samsoedin ◽  
M. Bismark
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Tree Level ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Evenness Index ◽  
Richness Index ◽  
Species Being ◽  
Petroleum Oil

Research on the biodiversity of flora and fauna in conservation forests in the petroleum/oil refinery industri is rarely done, this activity aims to obtain information on the biodiversity of flora and fauna, especially bird species. This research was conducted in in the Bukit Datuk Dumai forest area, Riau Province. Ploting a plot of 100 m x 100 m (1 ha) is made for flora biodiversity, for bird plots with a radius of 25 m scattered randomly at that location. The structure and composition of tree species with a diameter at breast height ≥ 10 cm, saplings and seedlings were examined from a permanent measuring plot of one ha. There were 32 species of trees with a diameter of ≥ 10 cm and numbering 354 trees, belonging to 22 family, the largest species being Dipterocarpaceae. Species that dominate tree level stands are Garcinia dioca L. IVI = 39.67%, Gironniera subaequalis Planch. IVI = 30.39% and Ochanostachys amentaceae Mast. IVI = 30.26 %. The species in sapling level are Hopea mengarawan Miq., Gironniera subaequalis Planch. and Shorea acuminata Dyer. With IVI respectively 73.71%, 42.51% and 35.24%, seedlings of species Glochidion sp. With IVI 47.10%, Koompassia excelsa Taub. IVI 43.52% and Hopea mengarawan Miq. IVI24.62%. The number of bird species was found 33 with a diversity index of 2.63, an evenness index of 0.75 and a species richness index of 6.52.Keywords: structure, composition, regeneration, swamp forests, fauna, birds.

scholarly journals Biodiversity of Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) with Emphasis on Potential Arbovirus Vectors in East Azerbaijan Province, Northwestern Iran

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azim Paksa ◽  
Mohammad Mahdi Sedaghat ◽  
Hassan Vatandoost ◽  
Mohammad Reza Yaghoobi-Ershadi ◽  
Seyed Hassan Moosa-Kazemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Wiener Index ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Larval Habitats ◽  
Aedes Caspius ◽  
Northwestern Iran ◽  
Distribution And Ecology ◽  
East Azerbaijan

Background: The abundance, diversity, distribution and ecology of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae), especially ar­bovirus vectors are important indices for arthropod-borne diseases control. Methods: Larvae and adult mosquitoes were collected using the standard methods from different habitats in nine localities of three counties in the East Azerbaijan Province, Northwestern Iran during June to October 2017. In addi­tion, species richness (R), Simpson’s diversity index (D), Shannon–Wiener index (H̕) and evenness (E) as measures of diversity, were calculated. Results: Overall, 1401 mosquito specimens including 1015 adults and 386 larvae were collected in the study area. The properties of geographical larval habitats were recorded. Four genera along with 10 species were collected and identified, including Anopheles hyrcanus, An. maculipennis s.l., An. superpictus s.l., Aedes caspius, Ae. vexans, Cu­lex pipiens, Cx. theileri, Cx. perexiguus, Culiseta longiareolata and Cs. subochrea. Among the three counties, Ahar region presented the highest species richness (R: 1.5) and diversity values (D: 0.79, H’: 1.74, E: 0.73). Conclusions: This study provides important information on the diversity, distribution and ecology of ten mosquito species in the region. This information leads to a better understanding of mosquito population dynamics in relation to vector control measures.

scholarly journals Short Communication: The species diversity and composition of roadside trees in five cities in Sumatra, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1615-1621 ◽  
Author(s):  
WIRYONO . ◽  
YANSEN . ◽  
ADITYA . ◽  
DAVID JUARA LAMHOT ◽  
JURIAH HUTAHAEAN
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Introduced Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Wiener Index ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Aesthetic Values

Wiryono, Yansen, Aditya, Lamhot DJ, Hutahaean J. 2018. Short Communication: The species diversity and composition ofroadside trees in five cities in Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19: 1615-1621. Roadside trees make living in a city more enjoyable dueto their aesthetic values and ecosystem services. The ecological benefits of roadside trees may be enhanced by increasing the speciesdiversity and the proportion of native species. The objective of this study was to know the species diversity and composition of roadsidetrees in the cities of Palembang, Bengkulu, Curup, Pematang Siantar and Argamakmur, in Sumatra Island, Indonesia, varying in size andaltitude. Data of trees were collected from selected streets and analyzed to determine the species richness (S), Shannon-Wiener index ofdiversity (Hʹ) and Ellenberg index of community similarity (ISE). The results showed that the species richness in a city ranged from 7 to26, with the diversity index between 1.05 and 2.08. The large and medium cities had higher S and Hʹ. More introduced species werefound, both in number of species and number of individuals, than the native ones. The similarity among cities in species compositionranged from 47 to 82%. Overall, Swietenia macrophylla, an introduced species, was the most abundant species. The S and Hʹ values ofall cities were considered low and the composition of tree species did not support the conservation of native species. It is, therefore,essential to increase the species diversity of street trees, especially by planting native species.

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