Assessment of water pollution in the Brazilian Pampa biome by means of stress biomarkers in tadpoles of the leaf frogPhyllomedusa iheringii(Anura: Hylidae)

Assessment of Water Pollution Signs in the Brazilian Pampa Biome Using Stress Biomarkers in Fish (Astyanax sp.)

Journal of Ecosystems ◽

10.1155/2015/415293 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mauro Nunes ◽

Fabio Wacker da Silva ◽

Dennis Costa-Silva ◽

Gabriel Luz Wallau ◽

Thais Posser ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Pollution ◽

Water Contamination ◽

Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽

Fish Muscle ◽

Aquatic Biota ◽

Stress Biomarkers ◽

Muscle Tissues ◽

Chronic Poisoning ◽

Pampa Biome ◽

Santa Maria

Located in southern Brazil, the Pampa biome has been under constant threat due to improper management of human effluents and use of pesticides. These contaminants accumulate mainly in water resources resulting in chronic poisoning of aquatic biota. Up to date, no studies on the assessment of environmental quality in the Brazilian portion of Pampa biome have been undertaken. Thereby, our main goal in this study was to investigate the ecotoxicological risks caused by human activity in the Santa Maria River, a major water course in the Brazilian Pampa biome. Brain and muscle tissues were used for determining oxidative stress and cholinesterase biomarkers in fish (Astyanax sp.) exposed to urban and agricultural effluents. A substantial decrease in fish muscle acetylcholinesterase activity was observed in exposed animals, compared to controls (kept under laboratory conditions). In parallel, increased lipid peroxidation and significant changes in stress-responsive antioxidant enzymes (GST, CAT, GPx, and TrxR) were detected. In the fish brain, a significant increase in GST activity is reported. In conclusion, our results showed significant changes in biomarkers of water contamination in Astyanax captured in Santa Maria River, pointing to important levels of water pollution in the region and validating the use of Astyanax in biomonitoring programs within the Pampa biome borders.

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Use of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Cyprinus carpio L. for the Evaluation of Water Pollution in Ataturk Dam Lake (Adiyaman, Turkey)

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology ◽

10.1007/s00128-013-1187-0 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 92 (3) ◽

pp. 289-293 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Hasan Karadag ◽

Özgür Fırat ◽

Özge Fırat

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Water Pollution ◽

Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽

Stress Biomarkers ◽

Atatürk Dam Lake

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Assessment of water pollution in the Brazilian Pampa biome by means of stress biomarkers in tadpoles of the leaf frog Phyllomedusa iheringii (Anura: Hylidae)

10.7287/peerj.preprints.776v1 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Tiago G Santos ◽

Roberto Melo ◽

Dennis Costa e Silva ◽

Mauro Nunes ◽

Jeferson Franco, JL Franco

Keyword(s):

Reference Site ◽

Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽

Glutathione S Transferase ◽

Stress Biomarkers ◽

Aquatic Contamination ◽

Pampa Biome ◽

Measured Stress ◽

Agricultural Areas ◽

Increased Activity ◽

Harmful Effects

The Brazilian Pampa biome is currently under constant threat due to increase of agriculture and improper management of urban effluents. Studies with focus on the assessment of impacts caused by human activities in this biome are scarce. In the present study we measured stress-related biomarkers in the muscle tissue of tadpoles of the leaf frog Phyllomedusa iheringii as a tool for the assessment of potential aquatic contamination in selected ponds (S1 and S2) nearby agricultural areas in comparison to a reference site. A significant decrease in acetylcholinesterase activity was observed in S2 when compared to S1 and reference. The levels of total-hydroperoxides were increased in S2 site. In parallel, increased activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione S-transferase were observed in S2 when compared to S1 and reference. Based on the results, we drawn attention to the harmful effects caused by indiscriminate use of pesticides on the Pampa biome borders. Our study also validates Phyllomedusa iheringii as a valuable organism for field-based ecotoxicological studies. M

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Assessment of water pollution in the Brazilian Pampa biome by means of stress biomarkers in tadpoles of the leaf frog Phyllomedusa iheringii (Anura: Hylidae)

10.7287/peerj.preprints.776 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Tiago G Santos ◽

Roberto Melo ◽

Dennis Costa e Silva ◽

Mauro Nunes ◽

Jeferson Franco, JL Franco

Keyword(s):

Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽

Glutathione S Transferase ◽

Amphibian Species ◽

Mechanisms Of Toxicity ◽

Stress Biomarkers ◽

Aquatic Contamination ◽

Pampa Biome ◽

Measured Stress ◽

Agricultural Areas ◽

Increased Activity

The Brazilian Pampa biome is currently under constant threat due to increase of agriculture and improper management of urban effluents. Studies with focus on the assessment of impacts caused by human activities in this biome are scarce. In the present study we measured stress-related biomarkers in tadpoles of the leaf frog Phyllomedusa iheringii, an endemic species to the Pampa biome, and tested its suitability as a bioindicator for the assessment of potential aquatic contamination in selected ponds (S1 and S2) nearby agricultural areas in comparison to a reference site. A significant decrease in acetylcholinesterase activity was observed in S2 when compared to S1 and reference. The levels of total-hydroperoxides were increased in S2 site. In parallel, increased activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione S-transferase were observed in S2 when compared to S1 and reference. Further studies are necessary in order to correlate the changes observed here with different chemical stressors in water, as well as to elucidate mechanisms of toxicity induced by pesticides in amphibian species endemic to the Pampa biome. Nevertheless, our study validates Phyllomedusa iheringii as a valuable bioindicator in environmental studies.

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Assessment of water pollution in the Brazilian Pampa biome by means of stress biomarkers in tadpoles of the leaf frog Phyllomedusa iheringii (Anura: Hylidae)

10.7287/peerj.preprints.776v2 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Tiago G Santos ◽

Roberto Melo ◽

Dennis Costa e Silva ◽

Mauro Nunes ◽

Jeferson Franco, JL Franco

Keyword(s):

Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽

Glutathione S Transferase ◽

Amphibian Species ◽

Mechanisms Of Toxicity ◽

Stress Biomarkers ◽

Aquatic Contamination ◽

Pampa Biome ◽

Measured Stress ◽

Agricultural Areas ◽

Increased Activity

The Brazilian Pampa biome is currently under constant threat due to increase of agriculture and improper management of urban effluents. Studies with focus on the assessment of impacts caused by human activities in this biome are scarce. In the present study we measured stress-related biomarkers in tadpoles of the leaf frog Phyllomedusa iheringii, an endemic species to the Pampa biome, and tested its suitability as a bioindicator for the assessment of potential aquatic contamination in selected ponds (S1 and S2) nearby agricultural areas in comparison to a reference site. A significant decrease in acetylcholinesterase activity was observed in S2 when compared to S1 and reference. The levels of total-hydroperoxides were increased in S2 site. In parallel, increased activity of the antioxidant enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione S-transferase were observed in S2 when compared to S1 and reference. Further studies are necessary in order to correlate the changes observed here with different chemical stressors in water, as well as to elucidate mechanisms of toxicity induced by pesticides in amphibian species endemic to the Pampa biome. Nevertheless, our study validates Phyllomedusa iheringii as a valuable bioindicator in environmental studies.

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