scholarly journals Large-scale comparative visualisation of sets of multidimensional data

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. e88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dany Vohl ◽  
David G. Barnes ◽  
Christopher J. Fluke ◽  
Govinda Poudel ◽  
Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Multidimensional Data ◽  
Discovery Process ◽  
System 2 ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
High Level

We presentencube—a qualitative, quantitative and comparative visualisation and analysis system, with application to high-resolution, immersive three-dimensional environments and desktop displays.encubeextends previous comparative visualisation systems by considering: (1) the integration of comparative visualisation and analysis into a unified system; (2) the documentation of the discovery process; and (3) an approach that enables scientists to continue the research process once back at their desktop. Our solution enables tablets, smartphones or laptops to be used as interaction units for manipulating, organising, and querying data. We highlight the modularity ofencube, allowing additional functionalities to be included as required. Additionally, our approach supports a high level of collaboration within the physical environment. We show how our implementation ofencubeoperates in a large-scale, hybrid visualisation and supercomputing environment using the CAVE2 at Monash University, and on a local desktop, making it a versatile solution. We discuss how our approach can help accelerate the discovery rate in a variety of research scenarios.

scholarly journals Properties of Steady Geostrophic Turbulence with Isopycnal Outcropping

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Roullet ◽  
J. C. McWilliams ◽  
X. Capet ◽  
M. J. Molemaker
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Baroclinic Instability ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Eddy Diffusivity ◽  
Energy Cycle ◽  
Geostrophic Turbulence ◽  
Pv Gradient

Abstract High-resolution simulations of β-channel, zonal-jet, baroclinic turbulence with a three-dimensional quasigeostrophic (QG) model including surface potential vorticity (PV) are analyzed with emphasis on the competing role of interior and surface PV (associated with isopycnal outcropping). Two distinct regimes are considered: a Phillips case, where the PV gradient changes sign twice in the interior, and a Charney case, where the PV gradient changes sign in the interior and at the surface. The Phillips case is typical of the simplified turbulence test beds that have been widely used to investigate the effect of ocean eddies on ocean tracer distribution and fluxes. The Charney case shares many similarities with recent high-resolution primitive equation simulations. The main difference between the two regimes is indeed an energization of submesoscale turbulence near the surface. The energy cycle is analyzed in the (k, z) plane, where k is the horizontal wavenumber. In the two regimes, the large-scale buoyancy forcing is the primary source of mechanical energy. It sustains an energy cycle in which baroclinic instability converts more available potential energy (APE) to kinetic energy (KE) than the APE directly injected by the forcing. This is due to a conversion of KE to APE at the scale of arrest. All the KE is dissipated at the bottom at large scales, in the limit of infinite resolution and despite the submesoscales energizing in the Charney case. The eddy PV flux is largest at the scale of arrest in both cases. The eddy diffusivity is very smooth but highly nonuniform. The eddy-induced circulation acts to flatten the mean isopycnals in both cases.

scholarly journals Studies of the ISM in the LMC using SN1987A

1991 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
pp. 431-431
Author(s):  
Max Pettini
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Interstellar Medium ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Large Magellanic Cloud ◽  
Absorption Lines ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Hii Region ◽  
Sn 1987A

The exceptional brightness of SN1987A provided a wealth of opportunities for probing not only the interstellar medium in our Galaxy and in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), but also any intergalactic matter between the two. Spectroscopic work has been directed both towards searches for very weak absorption lines, which require data of exceptionally high signal-to-noise ratio, and towards recording spectra of known features at unprecedentedly high resolution. Both approaches have yielded exciting and unexpected results. The first detection of [FeX] absorption has revealed the presence of million-degree gas in the interstellar medium of the LMC, possibly resulting from the explosions of previous supernovae in the 30-Doradus HII region. The ultra-high-resolution observations have been successful in resolving the hyperfine structure of the sodium D lines in several interstellar clouds along the line of sight to the supernova. This implies that the clouds are at temperatures of, at most, 170 K and have internal turbulent velocities of not more than 0.2 km s−1; large-scale motions thus appear to be mainly subsonic in these clouds. Radio observations of HI emission at 21-cm with the Parkes telescope have been combined with measurements of a variety of ultraviolet absorption lines, obtained with the International Ultraviolet Explorer satellite, to give the most detailed picture yet of the chemical composition of the gas between the Galaxy and the LMC. Finally, photographic monitoring of the light echo of SN 1987A over the last two years has provided a three-dimensional view of the interstellar environment in which SN 1987A exploded, complementing vividly the information deduced from the spectroscopic results.

scholarly journals Collaborative visual analytics of radio surveys in the Big Data era

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (S325) ◽  
pp. 311-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dany Vohl ◽  
Christopher J. Fluke ◽  
Amr H. Hassan ◽  
David G. Barnes ◽  
Virginia A. Kilborn
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analytics ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Multidimensional Data ◽  
Asynchronous Collaboration ◽  
Parallel Data ◽  
Display Ecology ◽  
Data Inquiry ◽  
Large Survey ◽  
2D And 3D

AbstractRadio survey datasets comprise an increasing number of individual observations stored as sets of multidimensional data. In large survey projects, astronomers commonly face limitations regarding: 1) interactive visual analytics of sufficiently large subsets of data; 2) synchronous and asynchronous collaboration; and 3) documentation of the discovery workflow. To support collaborative data inquiry, we present encube, a large-scale comparative visual analytics framework. encube can utilise advanced visualization environments such as the CAVE2 (a hybrid 2D and 3D virtual reality environment powered with a 100 Tflop/s GPU-based supercomputer and 84 million pixels) for collaborative analysis of large subsets of data from radio surveys. It can also run on standard desktops, providing a capable visual analytics experience across the display ecology. encube is composed of four primary units enabling compute-intensive processing, advanced visualisation, dynamic interaction, parallel data query, along with data management. Its modularity will make it simple to incorporate astronomical analysis packages and Virtual Observatory capabilities developed within our community. We discuss how encube builds a bridge between high-end display systems (such as CAVE2) and the classical desktop, preserving all traces of the work completed on either platform – allowing the research process to continue wherever you are.

scholarly journals Bag of Geomorphological Words: A Framework for Integrating Terrain Features and Semantics to Support Landform Object Recognition from High-Resolution Digital Elevation Models

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 620
Author(s):  
Xiran Zhou ◽  
Xiao Xie ◽  
Yong Xue ◽  
Bing Xue ◽  
Kai Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Object Recognition ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Feature Vector ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Digital Elevation Models ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Slope Aspect ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Great Possibility ◽  
High Level

High-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) and its derivatives (e.g., curvature, slope, aspect) offer a great possibility of representing the details of Earth’s surface in three-dimensional space. Previous research investigations concerning geomorphological variables and region-level features alone cannot precisely characterize the main structure of landforms. However, these geomorphological variables are not sufficient to represent a complex landform object’s whole structure from a high-resolution DEM. Moreover, the amount of the DEM dataset is limited, including the landform object. Considering the challenges above, this paper reports an integrated model called the bag of geomorphological words (BoGW), enabling automatic landform recognition via integrating point and linear geomorphological variables, region-based features (e.g., shape, texture), and high-level landform descriptions. First, BoGW semantically characterizes the composition of geomorphological variables and meaningful parcels of each type of landform. Based on a landform’s semantics, the proposed method then integrates geomorphological variables and region-level features (e.g., shape, texture) to create the feature vector for the landform. Finally, BoGW classifies a region derived from high-resolution DEM into a predefined type of landform by the feature vector. The experimental results on crater and cirque detection indicated that the proposed BoGW could support landform object recognition from high-resolution DEMs.

scholarly journals Performance Assessment of Reference Modelling Methods for Defect Evaluation in Asphalt Concrete

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 8190
Author(s):  
Pauli Putkiranta ◽  
Matti Kurkela ◽  
Matias Ingman ◽  
Aino Keitaanniemi ◽  
Aimad El Issaoui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Three Dimensional Mapping ◽  
Road Surfaces ◽  
Three Dimensional Measurement ◽  
Mobile Methods

The deterioration of road conditions and increasing repair deficits pose challenges for the maintenance of reliable road infrastructure, and thus threaten, for example, safety and the fluent flow of traffic. Improved and more efficient procedures for maintenance are required, and these require improved knowledge of road conditions, i.e., improved data. Three-dimensional mapping presents possibilities for large-scale collection of data on road surfaces and automatic evaluation of maintenance needs. However, the development and, specifically, evaluation of large-scale mobile methods requires reliable references. To evaluate possibilities for close-range, static, high-resolution, three-dimensional measurement of road surfaces for reference use, three measurement methods and five instrumentations are investigated: terrestrial laser scanning (TLS, Leica RTC360), photogrammetry using high-resolution professional-grade cameras (Nikon D800 and D810E), photogrammetry using an industrial camera (FLIR Grasshopper GS3-U3-120S6C-C), and structured-light handheld scanners Artec Leo and Faro Freestyle. High-resolution photogrammetry is established as reference based on laboratory measurements and point density. The instrumentations are compared against one another using cross-sections, point–point distances, and ability to obtain key metrics of defects, and a qualitative assessment of the processing procedures for each is carried out. It is found that photogrammetric models provide the highest resolutions (10–50 million points per m2) and photogrammetric and TLS approaches perform robustly in precision with consistent sub-millimeter offsets relative to one another, while handheld scanners perform relatively inconsistently. A discussion on the practical implications of using each of the examined instrumentations is presented.

Development of the Next-Generation Computational Fracture Mechanics Simulator on the Earth Simulator 2

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaworu Yodo ◽  
Hiroshi Kawai ◽  
Hiroshi Okada ◽  
Masao Ogino ◽  
Ryuji Shioya
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Stress Intensity ◽  
Fracture Mechanics ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Intensity Factors ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Mechanics Analysis ◽  
Analysis System

Fracture mechanics analysis using the finite element method has been one of the key methodologies to evaluate structural integrity for aging infrastructures such as aircraft, ship, power plants, etc. However, three-dimensional crack analyses for structures with highly complex three-dimensional shapes have not widely been used, because of many technical difficulties such as the lack of enough computational power. The authors have been developing a fracture mechanics analysis system that can deal with arbitrary shaped cracks in three-dimensional structures. The system consists of mesh generation software, a finite element analysis program and a fracture mechanics module. In our system, a Virtual Crack Closure-Integral Method (VCCM) for the quadratic tetrahedral finite elements is adopted to evaluate the stress intensity factors. This system can perform the three-dimensional fracture analyses. Fatigue and SCC crack propagation analyses with more than one cracks of arbitrary complicated shapes and orientations. The rate and direction of crack propagation are predicted by using appropriate formulae based on the stress intensity factors. When the fracture mechanics analysis system is applied to the complex shaped aging structures with the cracks which are modeled explicitly, the size of finite element analysis tends to be very large. Therefore, a large scale parallel structural analysis code is required. We also have been developing an open-source CAE system, ADVENTURE. It is based on the hierarchical domain decomposition method (HDDM) with the balancing domain decomposition (BDD) pre-conditioner. A general-purpose parallel structural analysis solver, ADVENTURE_Solid is one of the solver modules of the ADVENTURE system. In this paper, we combined VCCM for the tetrahedral finite element with ADVENTURE system and large-scale fracture analyses are fully automated. They are performed using the massively parallel super computer ES2 (Earth Simulator 2) which is owned and run by JAMSTEC (Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology).

Parallel Analysis of Incompressible Flow and Structure Interaction Using Partitioned Iterative Method

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunji Kataoka ◽  
Hiroshi Kawai ◽  
Satsuki Minami ◽  
Shinobu Yoshimura
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Iterative Coupling ◽  
Structure Interaction ◽  
Large Scale Analysis ◽  
Coupling Approach ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Partitioned Method ◽  
Partitioned Methods

Dynamic response considering fluid structure interaction (FSI) is crucial in many engineering fields and the numerical methods to solve the FSI problems are keenly demanded in engineering field. Generally coupled phenomena can be simulated in either monolithic or partitioned methods, however the application of FSI analysis are limited because of its calculation costs. The partitioned method is now focused because it can re-use the existing flow and structural analysis solver without elaborated modification and it gives the same accuracy when iterative coupling approach is taken. When the partitioned method combined with the existing flow and structure solver which can solve large-scale analysis model, it is expected to solve realistic three dimensional complex FSI problems in acceptable durations. In this work, the partitioned FSI analysis system are developed using existing flow and structure solvers. The system is applied to several validation models and accuracy and efficiency of the solver are shown.

The Three-Dimensional shape of carbon nanotubes by High Resolution Electron Microscopy

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 754-755
Author(s):  
Z. G. Li ◽  
L. Liang ◽  
P.J. Fagan ◽  
M. van Kavelaar
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Dimensional Shape ◽  
Dimensional Object ◽  
Three Dimensional Shape

Following the discovery of a large scale synthesis of fullerenes, the existence of the related carbon nanotubes was suggested by high resolution electron microscopy (HREM). Larger scale syntheses of these nanotube-rich materials has now been reported and has sparked interest worldwide. Because the HREM technique essentially observes the projection of a three dimensional object onto a two-dimensional plane, the three dimensional shape of the object is usually not apparent in typical HREM images. However, as we report here, by rotating along the axis of single carbon nanotube, and recording the images in succession by HREM, the non-cylindrical nature of these tubes is revealed, especially near the sealed ends of the nanotubes. In addition, from electon diffraction and X-ray diffraction, we find the spacing between the planes to be 3.398(8) Å on average. This is in contrast to earlier reports which suggested an interlayer distance of 3.35 Å, similar to the graphite interplanar spacing.

Nozzle Passage Endwall Effectiveness Values with Various Combustor Coolant Flow Rates - Part 1: Flowfield Velocity and Coolant Concentration Measurements

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-53
Author(s):  
Kedar P. Nawathe ◽  
Rui Zhu ◽  
Enci Lin ◽  
Yong Kim ◽  
Terrence Simon
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Reynolds Numbers ◽  
Coolant Flow ◽  
Surface Cooling ◽  
Cooling Effectiveness ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Flow Physics ◽  
High Level

Abstract The stators of the first stage of a gas turbine are exposed to severe temperatures. The coolant streams introduced to prevent the stators from thermal damage further complicate the highly three-dimensional vane passage flow. Recent results have shown that the coolant streams injected for cooling the combustor also influence the flow physics and the cooling effectiveness in the first-stage stator vanes passage. However, the effects of changing the mass flow rate of these combustor coolant streams on the passage flowfield have not been studied. As understanding the coolant transport is necessary for analyzing changes in cooling effectiveness in the vane passage, detailed aerodynamic and thermal measurements along the whole vane passage are required. This two-part paper presents such measurements taken for a variety of combustor coolant and endwall film coolant flow rates. The experiments were conducted in a low-Mach-number facility with engine-representative Reynolds numbers and large-scale high-level turbulence. The objective of the first part is to describe the flow that influences endwall and vane surface cooling effectiveness distributions, which are presented in the second part. The measurements show changes in the passage flowfield due to changes in both combustor coolant and endwall film coolant flow rates. Overall, the flow-physics remains largely unaffected by changes in coolant flow rates except in the endwall-vane surfaces region where the combustor coolant flow rate dominates changes in coolant transport. This is shown to have a high impact on endwall and vane surface cooling.

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