scholarly journals A Hybrid Approach for Antenna Optimization Using Cat Swarm based Genetic Optimization

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-34
Author(s):  
A. Singh ◽  
R. M. Mehra ◽  
V. K. Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Data Transfer ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Side Lobe ◽  
Side Lobe Level ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Hybrid Technique ◽  
Genetic Optimization ◽  
Optimization Efficiency ◽  
Efficient Transmission

The aim of the paper is to introduce the hybrid technique for the multiobjective optimization of antennas. The goal of the antenna optimization is typically minimising the reflection coefficient through a frequency band. To minimize the energy consumption is essential consideration of energy efficient transmission schemes that is used for the data transfer in wireless sensor networks. In our proposed work the efficient and low-cost multi objective technique CSGO (Cat Swarm based Genetic optimization) approach was used. The Cat Swarm Optimization approach is combined with genetic algorithm (GA) to optimize the bandwidth and return loss of the antenna. CSGO approach is to improve the Optimization efficiency and computational .This hybrid optimization approach will reduce the side lobe level and provide improvement in the Directivity. CSGO applied to the design of a miniaturized multiband antenna, showing better diversity and significant savings of overall optimization cost compared with the previously reported design methods.

scholarly journals Planar Thinned Arrays: Optimization and Subarray Based Adaptive Processing

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Lombardo ◽  
R. Cardinali ◽  
M. Bucciarelli ◽  
D. Pastina ◽  
A. Farina
Keyword(s):  
Side Lobe ◽  
Fixed Number ◽  
Side Lobe Level ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Optimized Design ◽  
Adaptive Processing ◽  
Active Elements ◽  
Single Antenna ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
Thinned Array

A new approach is presented for the optimized design of a planar thinned array; the proposed strategy works with single antenna elements or with small sets of different subarray types, properly located on a planar surface. The optimization approach is based on the maximization of an objective function accounting for side lobe level and considering a fixed number of active elements/subarrays. The proposed technique is suitable for different shapes of the desired output array, allowing the achievement of the desired directivity properties on the corresponding antenna pattern. The use of subarrays with a limited number of different shapes is relevant for industrial production, which would benefit from reduced design and manufacturing costs. The resulting modularity allows scalable antenna designs for different applications. Moreover, subarrays can be arranged in a set of subapertures, each connected to an independent receiving channel. Therefore, adaptive processing techniques could be applied to cope with and mitigate clutter echoes and external electromagnetic interferences. The performance of adaptive techniques with subapertures taken from the optimized thinned array is evaluated against assigned clutter and jamming scenarios and compared to the performance achievable considering a subarray based filled array with the same number of active elements.

scholarly journals Antenna array synthesis using a newly evolved optimization approach: Strawberry algorithm

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konidala R. Subhashini
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Array ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Beam Width ◽  
Side Lobe ◽  
Side Lobe Level ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Circular Array ◽  
First Time ◽  
Antenna Array Synthesis

Abstract An attempt has been made for the first time to apply this proposed Strawberry optimization technique to antenna array synthesis problem. The case study cited here refer to linear and circular array configurations. The design constraints are limited to minimizing the side lobe level and restricting the first null beam width, which play significant roles in antenna array performances. The key parameters which greatly influence in achieving the said objectives are either placement of antenna elements or amplitudes of excitations of these elements or both. And the recently reported meta heuristic nature inspired optimization algorithms have addressed to these problems quite effectively and the exciting result obtained using the said approach has undoubtedly proved the strawberry algorithm as a potential contender in the optimization domain.

scholarly journals Generation of Beam Tilt through Three-Dimensional Printed Surface

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (24) ◽  
pp. 3174
Author(s):  
Sujan Shrestha ◽  
Hijab Zahra ◽  
Syed Muzahir Abbas ◽  
Arslan Kiyani ◽  
Bahare Mohamadzade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Elevation Angle ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Side Lobe ◽  
Side Lobe Level ◽  
Operating Frequency Range ◽  
Input Source ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Ku Band

In this paper, 3D printed surfaces are presented to study this technology’s application in generating beam tilt for the electromagnetic waves in the Ku-band. Additionally, the input source is maintained by a feed horn that is additively manufactured and is coated with copper spray paint to add conductivity, which is fed by a WR-75 waveguide. The proposed beam tilt generating surface is also referred to as a Beam Deviating Surface (BDS). There is no relative gap between the BDS and the aperture of the horn, which eventually decreased the overall antenna height. The BDS layer is able to deviate the beam for a fixed elevation angle of 22.5∘ and could be consequently rotated along with the rotation of the BDS prototype. The voltage standing wave ratio value is less than two over the operating frequency range, which depicts the wideband behavior. The measured and simulated radiation patterns show that we can tilt the electromagnetic waves in ranges of up to +/−22.5∘ with a minimum side lobe level of −5 dB at frequencies from 10 to 15 GHz. This signifies the wideband characteristic of the proposed prototype, which is achieved by Vero material from Multijet Printing that is a low-cost and rapid manufacturing 3D printing technology.

scholarly journals An ADS-Based Sparse Optimization Method for Sonar Imaging Sensor Arrays

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3176
Author(s):  
Jiancheng Liu ◽  
Feng Shi ◽  
Yecheng Sun ◽  
Peng Li
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Array ◽  
Linear Array ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sensor Arrays ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Low Complexity ◽  
Side Lobe ◽  
Side Lobe Level ◽  
Linear Arrays

The Mills Cross sonar sensor array, achieved by the virtual element technology, is one way to build a low-complexity and low-cost imaging system while not decreasing the imaging quality. This type of sensor array is widely investigated and applied in sensor imaging. However, the Mills Cross array still holds some redundancy in sensor spatial sampling, and it means that this sensor array may be further thinned. For this reason, the Almost Different Sets (ADS) method is proposed to further thin the Mills Cross array. First, the original Mills Cross array is divided into several transversal linear arrays and one longitudinal linear array. Secondly, the Peak Side Lobe Level (PSLL) of each virtual linear array is estimated in advance. After the ADS parameters are matched according to the thinned ratio of the expectant array, all linear arrays are thinned in order. In the end, the element locations in the thinned linear array are used to determine which elements are kept or discarded from the original Mills array. Simulations demonstrate that the ADS method can be used to thin the Mills array and to further decrease the complexity of the imaging system while retaining beam performance.

scholarly journals Practical Aspects of Acoustic Leaky-Wave Antennas Applied to Underwater Direction Finding

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Ivan Felis-Enguix ◽  
Jorge Otero-Vega ◽  
María Campo-Valera ◽  
I. Villó-Pérez ◽  
J. L. Gómez-Tornero
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Beam Steering ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Doa Estimation ◽  
Direction Finding ◽  
Side Lobe ◽  
Side Lobe Level ◽  
Sound Waves ◽  
Leaky Wave ◽  
First Time

Acoustic leaky-wave antennas (ALWAs) have demonstrated the capacity to steer directive sound waves in frequency-dependent directions, due to the inherent dispersive radiation characteristic of leaky modes. Compared to more conventional uniform linear array (ULA) acoustic traducers for electronic beam steering (which rely on multiple sensors), the ALWA allows for single microphone operation. Thus, ALWAs offer a direct mechanism to scan a directive acoustic beam in the angular space by simply sweeping the operating frequency of the acoustic signal, which envisions cost-efficient single-transducer direction finders for SONAR applications. In this paper, we study for the first time some important features of an ALWA for acoustic underwater Direction-of-Arrival (DoA) estimation applications. First, we report for the first time on the necessity to shape the radiated ALWA beams in both far- and near-field zones to improve the DoA estimation performance, following similar techniques recently applied for low-cost frequency-scanned direction-finding radars based on LWAs. Furthermore, the capacity to reduce the Side Lobe Level (SLL) has been analyzed in order to improve performance, demonstrating aperture tapering techniques to the ALWA for the first time. These acoustic behaviour aspects have a considerable interest in real applications of ALWA in innovative SONAR systems for underwater scenarios.

scholarly journals An FMCW Radar for Localization and Vital Signs Measurement for Different Chest Orientations

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 3489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Sacco ◽  
Emanuele Piuzzi ◽  
Erika Pittella ◽  
Stefano Pisa
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Assisted Living ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ambient Assisted Living ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Side Lobe ◽  
Radar Signal ◽  
Side Lobe Level ◽  
Fmcw Radar

This work tests the ability of a frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar to measure the respiratory rate and the heartbeat of a subject in challenging indoor scenarios. To simulate a realistic configuration for ambient assisted living (AAL) applications, in which the thorax orientation towards the antenna is typically unknown, four different scenarios were considered. Measurements were performed on five volunteers positioned with the chest, left, back, and right side facing the antenna, respectively. The 5.8 GHz radar and the antennas used for the measurements were suitably designed for the considered application. To obtain a low cost and compact system, series-fed arrays were preferred over other antenna topologies. The geometry of the patches was opportunely shaped to reduce the side lobe level (SLL) and increase the bandwidth, thus ensuring good system performances. In all scenarios, the vital signs extracted from the radar signal were compared with the ones collected by a photoplethysmograph and a respiratory belt, used as references. A statistical analysis of the measured data on the different subjects and orientations was performed, showing that the radar was able to measure with high accuracy both the respiratory rate and the heartbeat in all considered configurations.

A Joint Multicast Optimization Approach for QoS Provisioning in Optical Label Switching (OLS) Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yassine Khlifi ◽  
Majid Alotaibi
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Optimization Strategy ◽  
Wavelength Converter ◽  
Label Switching ◽  
Link Capacity ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Logical Topology

AbstractOptical label switching is introduced for ensuring fast data transfer, quality of service (QoS) support, and better resource management. However, the important issue is how to optimize resource usage and satisfy traffic constraints for improving network performance and design. This paper proposes a dynamic approach that optimizes the resource in terms of link capacity and FDL (fiber delay line) buffering as well as a wavelength converter. The proposed approach decreases the resources usage and guarantees QoS support for various traffic demands. The optimization strategy consists of two stages: path building and traffic management. The path building assures logical topology making using the cumulative cost of available resource and traffic requirements including unicast and multicast. The traffic management solves the resource formulation problem during the traffic transfer by guaranteeing the required loss and blocking delay. Simulation work is conducted for validating the proposed approach and evaluating its performances and effectiveness. Simulation results show that our proposal minimizes effectively the use of link capacity of lightpath and light-tree. Moreover, our approach optimizes the use of buffering capacity and wavelength converter and guarantees QoS support according to traffic requirements.

scholarly journals A Design Approach of Optical Phased Array with Low Side Lobe Level and Wide Angle Steering Range

Photonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Xinyu He ◽  
Tao Dong ◽  
Jingwen He ◽  
Yue Xu
Keyword(s):  
Phased Array ◽  
Phase Distribution ◽  
Beam Steering ◽  
Side Lobe ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Optical Antennas ◽  
Side Lobe Level ◽  
Wide Angle ◽  
Spacing Distribution ◽  
Optical Phased Array

In this paper, a new design approach of optical phased array (OPA) with low side lobe level (SLL) and wide angle steering range is proposed. This approach consists of two steps. Firstly, a nonuniform antenna array is designed by optimizing the antenna spacing distribution with particle swarm optimization (PSO). Secondly, on the basis of the optimized antenna spacing distribution, PSO is further used to optimize the phase distribution of the optical antennas when the beam steers for realizing lower SLL. Based on the approach we mentioned, we design a nonuniform OPA which has 1024 optical antennas to achieve the steering range of ±60°. When the beam steering angle is 0°, 20°, 30°, 45° and 60°, the SLL obtained by optimizing phase distribution is −21.35, −18.79, −17.91, −18.46 and −18.51 dB, respectively. This kind of OPA with low SLL and wide angle steering range has broad application prospects in laser communication and lidar system.

scholarly journals Hybrid technique of virtual-assisted lung mapping and systemic indocyanine green injection for extended segmentectomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Yanagiya ◽  
Noriko Hiyama ◽  
Jun Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Indocyanine Green ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Lung Nodule ◽  
Adenocarcinoma In Situ ◽  
Hybrid Technique ◽  
Medical Checkup ◽  
Resection Line ◽  
Intersegmental Plane ◽  
Computed Tomography Image ◽  
Dye Marking

Abstract Background Various approaches have been used to assist and facilitate segmentectomy with favorable oncological outcomes. We describe a hybrid approach comprising virtual-assisted lung mapping (VAL-MAP), which is a preoperative bronchoscopic dye-marking technique, combined with systemic indocyanine green (ICG) injection. Clinical presentation An asymptomatic 64-year-old man was referred to our department because of a lung nodule detected during his annual medical checkup. The chest computed-tomography image revealed a 16-mm, partly solid, ground-glass nodule in the left segment 4. Because the nodule was hardly palpable and deeply located between the left upper division segment and the left lingular segment, we performed VAL-MAP to facilitate extended left lingulectomy. Five dye markings were undertaken preoperatively. Surgery to remove the nodule was then conducted via complete three-port video-assisted thoracic surgery. The VAL-MAP markings were easily identified intraoperatively and helped locate the nodule. The intersegmental plane was identified by the ICG injection. The resection line was determined based on the intersegmental plane identified by the ICG injection and the site of the nodule suggested by the VAL-MAP markings. Following the resection line, we thoracoscopically achieved extended lingulectomy with sufficient surgical margins. The patient was discharged with no complications. The pathological diagnosis was adenocarcinoma in situ. Conclusion The hybrid technique of VAL-MAP and systemic ICG injection can be useful for accomplishing successful extended segmentectomy.

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