scholarly journals ESTIMATE PASSENGER CAR EQUIVALENT OF VEHICLES PERFORMING MANOEUVRE TO ENTER OR LEAVE LEGAL AND ILLEGAL ON-STREET PARKING

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-214
Keyword(s):  
Passenger Car ◽  
Passenger Car Equivalent

scholarly journals Passenger Car Equivalent Estimation for Rural Highways: Methodological Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 801-816
Author(s):  
Ballari Syed Omar ◽  
Pranab Kar ◽  
Mallikarjuna Chunchu
Keyword(s):  
Passenger Car ◽  
Methodological Review ◽  
Rural Highways ◽  
Passenger Car Equivalent

Determining Passenger Car Equivalent for Motorcycle at Mid-Block of Sesetan Road

2015 ◽  
Vol 776 ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
I. Gusti Raka Purbanto
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Heavy Vehicles ◽  
Highway Capacity ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Highway Capacity Manual ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Mode Share ◽  
Passenger Car Equivalent ◽  
On The Road

Motorcycle dominates traffic in Bali, particularly in urban roads, which occupy more than 85% of mode share. The three types of vehicles, i.e. motorcycles, heavy and light vehicles share the roadways together. Under mixed traffic conditions, motorcycle may be travelling in between and alongside two consecutive motor vehicles. Considering such a situation, passenger car equivalent values should be examined thoroughly. This study aims to determine passenger car equivalent (PCEs) of motorcycle at mid-block of Sesetan Road. Three approaches are used to examine the PCEs values. This study found that the PCE of motorcycles are in a range between 0.2 and 0.4. This values are about the same to the existing PCE of the Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual (1997). This study also pointed out that motorcyclists and car drivers may behave differently to the existence of motorcycles. Car drivers are more aware than motorcyclists on the existence of motorcycle on the road. Further, more samples are required to obtain comprehensive results. In addition, the presence of heavy vehicles need to be considered for future study.

scholarly journals Estimating Passenger Car Equivalent of Heavy Vehicles at Roundabout Entry Using Micro-Traffic Simulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Pajecki ◽  
Faisal Ahmed ◽  
Xiaobo Qu ◽  
Xinyi Zheng ◽  
Yanqun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Simulation ◽  
Heavy Vehicles ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Passenger Car Equivalent

scholarly journals PASSENGER CAR EQUIVALENT (PCE) OF THROUGH VEHICLES AT SIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS IN DHAKA METROPOLITAN CITY, BANGLADESH

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Partha SAHA ◽  
H.M. Iqbal MAHMUD ◽  
Quazi Sazzad HOSSAIN ◽  
MD. Zahurul ISLAM
Keyword(s):  
Signalized Intersections ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Metropolitan City ◽  
Passenger Car Equivalent

scholarly journals Delay-based Passenger Car Equivalent at Signalized Intersections in Iran

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habibollah Nassiri ◽  
Sara Tabatabaie ◽  
Sina Sahebi
Keyword(s):  
Signalized Intersections ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Heavy Vehicles ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Highway Capacity ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Highway Capacity Manual ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
Passenger Car Equivalent ◽  
Traffic Operation

Due to their different sizes and operational characteristics, vehicles other than passenger cars have a different influence on traffic operations especially at intersections. The passenger car equivalent (PCE) is the parameter that shows how many passenger cars must be substituted for a specific heavy vehicle to represent its influence on traffic operation. PCE is commonly estimated using headway-based methods that consider the excess headway utilized by heavy vehicles. In this research, the PCE was estimated based on the delay parameter at three signalized intersections in Tehran, Iran. The data collected were traffic volume, travel time for each movement, signalization, and geometric design information. These data were analysed and three different models, one for each intersection, were constructed and calibrated using TRAF-NETSIM simulation software for unsaturated traffic conditions. PCE was estimated under different scenarios and the number of approach movements at each intersection. The results showed that for approaches with only one movement, PCE varies from 1.1 to 1.65. Similarly, for approaches with two and three movements, the PCE varies from 1.07 to 1.99 and from 0.76 to 3.6, respectively. In addition, a general model was developed for predicting PCE for intersections with all of the movements considered. The results obtained from this model showed that the average PCE of 1.5 is similar to the value recommended by the HCM (Highway Capacity Manual) 1985. However, the predicted PCE value of 1.9 for saturated threshold is closer to the PCE value of 2 which was recommended by the HCM 2000 and HCM 2010.

Incorporating Autonomous Vehicles in the Traditional Four-Step Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (7) ◽  
pp. 348-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe F. Dias ◽  
Gopindra S. Nair ◽  
Natalia Ruíz-Juri ◽  
Chandra R. Bhat ◽  
Arash Mirzaei
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Network Capacity ◽  
Modeling Tools ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Step Model ◽  
Central Texas ◽  
Passenger Car Equivalent ◽  
Travel Decisions ◽  
Near Future

Automated vehicles (AVs) are a concrete possibility in the near future. As AVs may shift transportation paradigms, transportation agencies are eager to update their models to consider them in planning. In this context, the use of advanced models may be challenging, given the uncertainty in the use and deployment of AVs. In this paper, we present a general framework to extend the four-step model to include AVs, and test our extension on North Central Texas Council of Governments’ model. Our approach introduces a module for AV ownership and exogenous parameters into an existing four-step model to account for changes in travel decisions for AV owners, and for the impacts of AVs on network performance. The latter is modeled using the concept of passenger-car-equivalent to avoid imposing network-wide assumptions on AVs’ capacity consumption. We analyze five scenarios, representing different assumptions on the impacts of AVs, and include references to inform the selection of modeling parameters. We compute aggregate metrics that suggest that the model is sensitive to the proposed parameters, with the passenger-car-equivalent assumptions having the largest impact on model outcomes. Results suggest that, even when we assume that AVs can better use network capacity and that trip-making rates do not drastically increase, AVs may lead to an increase of about 2.8% in vehicle-hours traveled while also improving speeds by about 1.8%. If AVs introduce additional friction on traffic, the system performance may deteriorate. The analyses presented here suggest that existing modeling tools may be adjusted to support analyses of a future with AVs.

Multiclass Traffic Assignment Problem with Flow-Dependent Passenger Car Equivalent Value of Trucks

2017 ◽  
Vol 2667 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Riente de Andrade ◽  
Zhibin Chen ◽  
Lily Elefteriadou ◽  
Yafeng Yin
Keyword(s):  
Assignment Problem ◽  
Traffic Assignment ◽  
Flow Distribution ◽  
Power Functions ◽  
Highway Capacity ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Highway Capacity Manual ◽  
Traffic Assignment Problem ◽  
Passenger Car Equivalent ◽  
Discrete Values

This paper develops and analyzes a multiclass traffic assignment model considering the flow-dependent passenger car equivalent (PCE) value of trucks based on the latest Highway Capacity Manual (HCM, 6th edition) and explores the properties of the proposed model to provide guidance on related planning applications. HCM discrete values of truck PCEs are fitted by power functions for combinations of link grades and lengths, which have been found to produce high coefficients of determination ( R2) in all cases. With the established fitting functions, the multiclass traffic assignment problem is formulated as a variational inequality problem and solved by an efficient method. The equilibrium link flow distribution is proved to exist but may not be unique. Numerical examples and discussions are presented to demonstrate the variance of the link flow distributions and the effect of such nonuniqueness on traffic planning applications. Several approaches are then provided to obtain the best range of solutions according to a congestion pricing design problem.

scholarly journals Passenger Car Equivalents on Downgrades of Two-Lane Roads

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 152-173
Author(s):  
Marko Subotić ◽  
Željko Stević ◽  
Edis Softić ◽  
Veljko Radičević
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Highway Capacity ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
Highway Capacity Manual ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Vehicle Structure ◽  
Passenger Car Equivalent

In this paper, empirical research about Passenger Car Equivalents (PCEs) on the longitudinal downgrade of two-lane roads in Bosnia and Herzegovina has been conducted in order to determine the influence of vehicle structure under free traffic flow conditions. The research has been carried out considering the classes of vehicles at cross-sections on the downgrade of two-lane roads. As a result, the negative influence of vehicle structure under free traffic flow conditions using passenger car equivalents (PCEs) has been determined. The results show that on the downgrade of two-lane roads, the value of passenger car equivalent decreases from the level terrain to the boundary minimum value for the determined downgrade g = −3.00%, after which its value starts to increase slightly. Based on the obtained values, the models calibrated with a second-degree polynomial have been developed to determine the average value of passenger car equivalent as a function of its boundary value. The paper also compares the results obtained by the developed models with the models from the Highway Capacity Manual under free traffic flow conditions. In addition, models for the percentage values of PCE15%, PCE50% and PCE85% have been established.

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