scholarly journals Seasonal fluctuation of the parous rate of Aedes albopictus at a thicket in Kobe City, Japan from 2015 to 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Yamanishi
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuation ◽  
Kobe City

Aktuelle Situation zum Monitoring und der Bekämpfung von Aedes albopictus in Baden-Württemberg

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (04) ◽  
pp. 299-374
Author(s):  
R Oehme ◽  
N Becker ◽  
A Jöst
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Albopictus

Distribution of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in different eco zones of Thiruvananthapuram city with special reference to dengue viremia in humans

ENTOMON ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-230
Author(s):  
S. Sunil Kumar ◽  
D.A. Evans ◽  
K. Muthulakshmi ◽  
T. DilipKumar ◽  
R. Heera Pillai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Dengue Shock Syndrome ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
Distribution Study ◽  
Urban Zone ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Vector Management ◽  
Efficient Vector

Mosquito index study of three ecologically different ecozones of the Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala showed sharp difference on the proportionate distribution of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Human dengue viremia (HDV) was very high in those ecozones where A.aegypti density was high and HDV was low where A.albopictus was high. In a coastal zone of Thiruvananthapuram city, A. aegypti was the most abundant vector and in a hilly, arid suburban zone, A.albopictus was the abundant vector. In the urban zone both species of mosquitoes showed equal distribution. Study on the circulating serotypes in the serum of HDV by Single step single tube Multiplex PCR showed all the four serotypes viz DENV1, DENV2, DENV3 and DENV4 in patients of Thiruvananthapuram city, which indicated the possibility of Dengue Shock Syndrome, unless there is efficient vector management. Among the four dengue serotypes, Type 1 was the most abundant virus. Abundance of microhabitats in Thiruvananthapuram city, which support A. aegypti may be the reason for high prevalence of dengue fever in the urban zone.

Seasonal Fluctuation in Abundance and Species Composition of Fish Collected by a Beam Trawl in Coastal Waters off Samcheonpo

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 160-165
Author(s):  
Tae-Sik Yu ◽  
Seong-Hoon Lee ◽  
Sa-Jo Kim ◽  
Jin-Goo Kwon ◽  
Kyeong Ho Han
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuation ◽  
Beam Trawl

Current Issues of Empirical Therapy of Severe Bacterial Community-Acquired Pneumonia During the Season of Respiratory Viral Infections

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
V. B. Beloborodov ◽  
I. A. Kovalev ◽  
G. V. Sapronov
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Therapy ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuation ◽  
Empirical Therapy ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Adverse Event Rate

Progredient growth of morbidity and mortality of patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) requires optimization of treatment including antibacterial therapy. Implementation of molecular-genetic methods of diagnostics of viral and viral-bacterial infections in clinical practice has significantly augmented the conception of etiology of community-acquired pneumonia. Seasonal fluctuation of CAP prevalence corresponds with growth of morbidity of acute respiratory infections and influenza which contribute to the etiological structure of CAP by increasing the risk of infection caused by staphylococci. The synergy between influenza A virus and S.aureus has been shown; it is associated with an increase of virus replication in the presence of specific staphylococcal proteases and the ability of viruses to increase adhesion of S.aureusin the respiratory tract, to decrease phagocytosis of S.aureus by macrophages/neutrophils and production of antimicrobial peptides, as well as to increase the probability of secondary bacterial co-infection. Therefore, the most important requirement for the empiric therapy agents of CAP is high streptococcal and staphylococcal activity. According to the current guidelines on antimicrobial therapy of severe CAP, antipneumococcic cephalosporins, macrolides, and fluoroquinolones are the basic treatment agents, but none of them have the combined high antistaphylococcal and antipneumococcal activity inherent in ceftaroline. The advantages of ceftaroline over ceftriaxone and levofloxacin in terms of the probability of reaching target concentrations for clinically relevant pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters are shown. Meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials showed the higher clinical efficacy of ceftaroline in comparison to ceftriaxone with similar adverse event rate. Summarized analysis of antibiotic susceptibility data, pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic and clinical data, as well as negative epidemiological trends confirms the necessity of optimization of antimicrobial therapy of CAP for implementation of ceftaroline advantages against pneumococci and staphylococci in comparison to other β-lactams. Therefore, empiric treatment with ceftaroline is the most rational option for the therapy of CAP in critically ill patients during the season of respiratory viral infection.

A Simple PCR Assay for Discrimination of Dengue Vectors from Nsukka LGA, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-77
Author(s):  
Amos Watentena ◽  
Ikem Chris Okoye ◽  
Ikechukwu Eugene Onah ◽  
Onwude Cosmas Ogbonnaya ◽  
Emmanuel Ogudu
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Aedes Mosquitoes ◽  
Allele Specific ◽  
Arboviral Diseases ◽  
Dengue Vectors

Mosquitoes of Aedes species are vectors of several arboviral diseases which continue to be a major public health problem in Nigeria. This study among other things, morphologically identified Aedes mosquitoes collected from Nsukka LGA and used an allele specific PCR amplification for discrimination of dengue vectors. Larval sampling, BG-sentinel traps and modified human landing catches were used for mosquito sampling in two selected autonomous communities of Nsukka LGA (Nsukka and Obimo). A total of 124 Aedes mosquitoes consisting of five (5) different species were collected from April to June, 2019 in a cross-sectional study that covered 126 households, under 76 distinct geographical coordinates. Larvae was mainly collected from plastic containers 73% (n=224), metallic containers 14% (n=43), earthen pots 9% (n=29) and used car tyres 3% (n=9), reared to adult stage 69.35% (n=86), and all mosquitoes were identified using standard morphological keys. Five (5) Aedes mosquito species were captured; Aedes aegypti 83(66.94%), Aedes albopictus 33(26.61%), Aedes simpsoni (4.48%), Aedes luteocephalus (≤1%) and Aedes vittatus (≤1%). Nsukka autonomous community had higher species diversity than Obimo. Allele specific amplification confirmed dengue vectors, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus species on a 2% agarose gel. Since the most recent re-emergence of arboviral diseases is closely associated with Aedes species, findings of this study, therefore, give further evidence about the presence of potential arboviral vectors in Nigeria and describe the role of a simple PCR in discriminating some. Further entomological studies should integrate PCR assays in mosquito vector surveillance.

Larvicidal Activity of Steroidal Saponins from Dracaena arborea on Aedes albopictus

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 1036-1042
Author(s):  
Prosper C.B. Nya ◽  
Riccardo Moretti ◽  
Marcello Nicoletti ◽  
Maurizio Calvitti ◽  
Lamberto Tomassini
Keyword(s):  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Steroidal Saponins
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