scholarly journals Studies on the intraspecific competition in dung-breeding flies : II Some biological phenomena induced by overcrowding in immature stages of Musca hervei Villeneuve (Diptera : Muscidae)

1984 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro AMANO
Keyword(s):  
Intraspecific Competition ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Biological Phenomena

Historicity of Ecocriticism and Ecocritical History: An Introductory Overview

IJOHMN ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-52
Author(s):  
Jalal Uddin Khan
Keyword(s):  
Extended Family ◽  
Nobel Laureate ◽  
Amazon Rainforest ◽  
Sixth Grader ◽  
Leafcutter Ants ◽  
Biological Phenomena ◽  
Science Story ◽  
Introductory Overview ◽  
Popular Magazine ◽  
Living Organisms

Overlapping and interconnected, interdisciplinary and heterogeneous, amorphous and multi-layered, and deep and broad as it is, countless topics on ecoliterature make ecocriticism a comprehensive catchall term that proposes to look at a text--be it social, cultural, political, religious, or scientific--from naturalist perspectives and moves us from “the community of literature to the larger biospheric community which […] we belong to even as we are destroying it” (William Rueckert). As I was in the middle of writing and researching for this article, I was struck by a piece of nature writing by an eleven year old sixth grader born to his (South Asian and American) mixed parents, both affiliated with Johns Hopkins and already proud to belong to the extended family of a Nobel Laureate in Physics. The young boy, Rizwan Thorne-Lyman, wrote, as his science story project, an incredibly beautiful essay, “A Day in the Life of the Amazon Rainforest.” Reading about the rainforest was one of his interests, I was told. In describing the day-long activities of birds and animals among the tall trees and small plants, the 2 pp.-long narrative actually captures the eternally continuing natural cycle of the Amazon. The budding naturalist’s neat classification of the wild life into producers (leafy fruit and flowering plants and trees), consumers (caimans/crocodiles, leafcutter ants, capuchin monkey), predators (macaws, harpy eagles, jaguars, green anaconda), decomposers (worms, fungi and bacteria), parasites (phorid flies) and scavengers (millipedes) was found to be unforgettably impressive. Also the organization of the essay into the Amazon’s mutually benefitting and organically functioning flora and fauna during the day--sunrise, midday, and sunset--was unmistakably striking. I congratulated him as an aspiring environmentalist specializing in rain forest. I encouraged him that he should try to get his essay published in a popular magazine like Reader’s Digest (published did he get in no time indeed![i]) and that he should also read about (and visit) Borneo in Southeast Asia, home to other great biodiverse rainforests of the world. I called him “soft names” as a future Greenpeace and Environmental Protection leader and theorist, a soon-to-be close friend of Al Gore’s. The promising boy’s understanding, however short, of the Amazon ecology and ecosystem and the biological phenomena of its living organisms was really amazing. His essay reminded me of other famous nature writings, especially those by Fiona Macleod (see below), that are the pleasure of those interested in the ecocriticism of the literature of place--dooryards, backyards, outdoors, open fields, parks and farms, fields and pastures, and different kinds of other wildernesses.   [i] https://stonesoup.com/post/a-day-in-the-life-in-the-amazon-rainforest/

The Dialogical concept of consciousness in L.S. Vygotsky and G.H. Mead and its relevance for contemporary discussions on consciousness

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leszek Koczanowicz
Keyword(s):  
Activity Theory ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Human Consciousness ◽  
Cultural Activity ◽  
Contemporary Philosophy ◽  
Biological Phenomena ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
The World

The Dialogical concept of consciousness in L.S. Vygotsky and G.H. Mead and its relevance for contemporary discussions on consciousness In my paper I show the relevance of cultural-activity theory for solving the puzzles of the concept of consciousness which encounter contemporary philosophy. I reconstruct the main categories of cultural-activity theory as developed by M.M. Bakhtin, L.S. Vygotsky, G.H. Mead, and J. Dewey. For the concept of consciousness the most important thing is that the phenomenon of human consciousness is consider to be an effect of intersection of language, social relations, and activity. Therefore consciousness cannot be reduced to merely sensual experience but it has to be treated as a complex process in which experience is converted into language expressions which in turn are used for establishing interpersonal relationships. Consciousness thus can be accounted for by its reference to objectivity of social relationships rather than to the world of physical or biological phenomena.

Biological Mechanisms of H2S Formation in Sewer Pipes

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 907-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Attal ◽  
M. Brigodiot ◽  
P. Camacho ◽  
J. Manem
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Urban Wastewater ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
Sewer Pipes ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Biological Phenomena ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

The purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of the biological phenomena involved in the production of hydrogen sulfide in urban wastewater (UWW) systems. It is found that the UWW itself naturally possesses the biomass needed to consume the sulfates. These heterotrophic sulfate-reducing bacteria populations, though immediately active in strict anaerobic conditions, are present only in very low concentrations in the UWW. A concentration of them was studied within the pressure pipes, in the form of deposits, and this justifies the high concentrations of sulfides measured in certain wastewater networks. There are two reasons why the ferrous sulfate used as a treatment in any wastewater networks should not cause the production of additional sulfides. Firstly, the sulfate consumption kinetics are always too slow, relative to the residence time of the water in the pipe, for all of the sulfates to be consumed anyway. Secondly, the amount of assimilable carbon, soluble carbon, and carbon from suspended solid (SS) hydrolysis is insufficient.

Management of toxicity effects in a large wastewater treatment plant

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Grau ◽  
B. P. Da-Rin
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Severe Case ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Filamentous Bulking ◽  
Biological Phenomena ◽  
Inhibition Of Nitrification ◽  
Toxicity Effects

An unusually severe case of toxicity accompanied by activated sludge filamentous bulking was observed at the wastewater treatment plant Sao Paulo-Barueri. Treatment efficiency of the plant, operated without major problems for more than five years before, was significantly hindered for almost six months. Occurrence of toxic shocks was confirmed partly directly but mostly indirectly by inhibition of nitrification and biological phenomena related to toxicity. Several measures adopted, including the recycled activated sludge chlorination, are described in the paper.

Epigenetic Regulator Signatures in Regenerative Capacity

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 598-606
Author(s):  
Sarah Albogami
Keyword(s):  
Epigenetic Regulation ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Regeneration Process ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Lysine Methylation ◽  
Regenerative Capacity ◽  
Biological Phenomena ◽  
Epigenetic Regulator

Background:: Regeneration is the process by which body parts lost as a result of injury are replaced, as observed in certain animal species. The root of regenerative differences between organisms is still not very well understood; if regeneration merely recycles developmental pathways in the adult form, why can some animals regrow organs whereas others cannot? In the regulation of the regeneration process as well as other biological phenomena, epigenetics plays an essential role. Objective:: This review aims to demonstrate the role of epigenetic regulators in determining regenerative capacity. Results:: In this review, we discuss the basis of regenerative differences between organisms. In addition, we present the current knowledge on the role of epigenetic regulation in regeneration, including DNA methylation, histone modification, lysine methylation, lysine methyltransferases, and the SET1 family. Conclusion:: An improved understanding of the regeneration process and the epigenetic regulation thereof through the study of regeneration in highly regenerative species will help in the field of regenerative medicine in future.

scholarly journals Effect of Competition and Climatic Conditions on the Growth of Beech in the Mixed Pine Beech Stand: Lithuanian Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Edgaras Linkevičius ◽  
Gerda Junevičiūtė
Keyword(s):  
Intraspecific Competition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Competition Effect ◽  
Diameter Increment ◽  
Cart Analysis ◽  
Crown Width ◽  
Beech Stand ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Impact

Climate change and warming will potentially have profound effects on forest growth and yield, especially for pure stands in the near future. Thus, increased attention has been paid to mixed stands, e.g., pine and beech mixtures. However, the interaction of tree species growing in mixtures still remains unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the interspecific and intraspecific competition to diameter, height, and crown width of pine and beech trees growing in mixtures, as well as to evaluate the impact of climatic indicators to the beech radial diameter increment. The data was collected in 2017 at the mixed mature pine beech double layer stand, located in the western part of Lithuania. The sample plot of 1.2 hectare was established and tree species, diameter at the breast height, tree height, height-to-crown base, height-to-crown width, and position were measured for all 836 trees. Additionally, a representative sample of radial diameter increments were estimated only for the beech trees by taking out core discs at the height of 1 m when the stand was partially cut. Competition analysis was based on the distance-dependent competition index, which was further based on crown parameters. Climatic effect was evaluated using classification and regression tree (CART) analysis. We found almost no interspecific competition effect to diameter, height, or crown width for both tree species growing in the first layer. However, it had an effect on beeches growing in the second layer. The intraspecific competition effect was important for pine and beech trees, showing a negative effect for both of them. Our results show the possible coexistence of these tree species due to niche differentiation. An analysis of climatic indicators from 1991–2005 revealed that precipitation from February–May of the current vegetation year and mean temperatures from July to September expressed radial diameter increment effects for beech trees. Low temperatures during March and April, as well as high precipitation during January, had a negative effect on beech radial increments. From 2006–2016, the highest effect on radial diameter increments was the mean temperatures from July to September, as well as the precipitation in January of the current year. From 1991–2016, the highest effect on radial diameter increments was the temperature from July to September 1991–2016 and the precipitation in June 1991–2016. Generally, cool temperatures and higher precipitation in June had a positive effect on beech radial increments. Therefore, our results show a sensitivity to high temperatures and droughts during summer amid Lithuanian’s growth conditions.

Culex (Culex) longitubus, A New Species of the Mimeticus Subgroup (Diptera: Culicidae) From Bhutan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradya Somboon ◽  
Thanari Phanitchakun ◽  
Jassada Saingamsook ◽  
Rinzin Namgay ◽  
Ralph E Harbach
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
High Altitudes ◽  
Coi Sequences ◽  
Anal Papillae ◽  
A New Species

Abstract Culex longitubus Somboon, Namgay & Harbach is described as a new species of the Mimeticus Subgroup of the subgenus Culex. The larva is most similar to the larva of Cx. tianpingensis Chen from China, but is distinguished by the length of the siphon and the anal papillae, the form of the comb scales and pecten spines, and the development of setae 7-P, 13-T, 1-X, and 4-X. The adults have wing markings and male genitalia similar to those of species of the Mimeticus Complex. Phylogenetic analysis of COI sequences revealed that the new species is closely related to Cx. murrelli Lien of the Mimulus Complex. The immature stages of the new species were found in stagnant pools and marshes at high altitudes in several districts of Bhutan.

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