scholarly journals Morphological differentiation between adult females of Culex pipiens pallens and Culex pipiens molestus by the application of discriminant function

1973 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-235
Author(s):  
Kiyoshi MAKIYA
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Morphological Differentiation ◽  
Culex Pipiens Pallens ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Culex Pipiens Molestus ◽  
Pipiens Pallens

scholarly journals MiR-4448 is involved in deltamethrin resistance by targeting CYP4H31 in Culex pipiens pallens

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xixi Li ◽  
Shengli Hu ◽  
Haitao Yin ◽  
Hongbo Zhang ◽  
Dan Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Oral Feeding ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Culex Pipiens Pallens ◽  
Deltamethrin Resistance ◽  
Regulatory Functions ◽  
Pipiens Pallens

Abstract Background Culex pipiens (Cx. pipiens) complex, which acts as a vector of viruses and is widespread and abundant worldwide, including West Nile virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, and Sindbis virus, can cause serious vector-borne diseases affecting human health. Unfortunately, mosquitoes have developed deltamethrin resistance because of its long-term overuse, representing a major challenge to mosquito control. Understanding the molecular regulatory mechanisms of resistance is vital to control mosquitoes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that have been demonstrated to be important regulators of gene expression across a wide variety of organisms, which might function in mosquito deltamethrin resistance. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the regulatory functions of miR-4448 and CYP4H31 in the formation of insecticidal resistance in mosquito Culex pipiens pallens. Methods We used quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR to measure miR-4448 and CYP4H31 (encoding a cytochrome P450) expression levels. The regulatory functions of miR-4448 and CYP4H31 were assessed using dual-luciferase reporter assays. Then, oral feeding, RNA interference, and the American Centers for Disease Control and Prevention bottle bioassay were used to determine miR-4448’s association with deltamethrin resistance by targeting CYP4H31in vivo. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was also used to detect the viability of pIB/V5-His-CYP4H31-transfected C6/36 cells after deltamethrin treatment in vitro. Results MiR-4448 was downregulated in the deltamethrin-resistant strain (DR strain), whereas CYP4H31 was downregulated in deltamethrin-susceptible strain. CYP4H31 expression was downregulated by miR-4448 recognizing and binding to its 3′ untranslated region. Functional verification experiments showed that miR-4448 overexpression resulted in lower expression of CYP4H31. The mortality of miR-4448 mimic-injected DR strain mosquitoes was higher than that of the controls. CCK-8 assays showed that CYP4H31 decreased cellular resistance to deltamethrin in vitro and the mortality of the DR strain increased when CYP4H31 was knocked down in vivo. Conclusions In mosquitoes, miR-4448 participates in deltamethrin resistance by targeting CYP4H31. The results of the present study increase our understanding of deltamethrin resistance mechanisms.

Feeding on different attractive flowering plants affects the energy reserves of Culex pipiens pallens adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bao-Ting Yu ◽  
Yin Hu ◽  
Yan-Mei Ding ◽  
Jia-Xin Tian ◽  
Jian-Chu Mo
Keyword(s):  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Energy Reserves ◽  
Culex Pipiens Pallens ◽  
Pipiens Pallens

scholarly journals Cloning and Expression of Two Crystal Protein Genes, cry30Ba1 and cry44Aa1, Obtained from a Highly Mosquitocidal Strain, Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. entomocidus INA288

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 5673-5676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Ito ◽  
Tomonori Ikeya ◽  
Ken Sahara ◽  
Hisanori Bando ◽  
Shin-ichiro Asano
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Crystal Protein ◽  
Cloning And Expression ◽  
Culex Pipiens Pallens ◽  
Bacillus Thuringiensis Subsp ◽  
Pipiens Pallens ◽  
Crystal Protein Genes

ABSTRACT Two novel crystal protein genes, cry30Ba and cry44Aa, were cloned from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. entomocidus INA288 and expressed in an acrystalliferous strain. Cry44Aa crystals were highly toxic to second-instar Culex pipiens pallens (50% mortality concentration [LC50] = 6 ng/ml) and Aedes aegypti (LC50 = 12 ng/ml); however, Cry30Ba crystals were not toxic.

The Susceptibility of various Species of Mosquitos to DDT, Dieldrin and BHC

1955 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Wharton
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Lethal Concentration ◽  
Median Lethal Concentration ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Anopheles Maculipennis ◽  
Culex Pipiens Molestus ◽  
Filter Papers

The susceptibility of various mosquitos to DDT, dieldrin and BHC has been studied. Adult females were exposed in small tubes lined with filter papers impregnated with insecticide-oil solutions. Larvae were exposed to insecticideacetone suspensions in water.Adult mosquitos tested in London showed no striking differences in susceptibility to DDT, though the median lethal concentration (MLC) of Culex pipiens molestus Forsk. (1·6 per cent.) was greater than the MLC of Aëdes aegypti (L.) (0·9), Anopheles maculipennis var. atroparvusvan Thiel (1·0), or A. quadrimaculatus Say (·7). C. p. molestus and Aë. aegypti showed the same order of susceptibility to dieldrin and BHC, with Anopheles m. atroparvus more susceptible to both insecticides.

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