scholarly journals Characteristics of blood pressure, arterial stiffness, and physical fitness in older adult Japanese community dwellers: a cross-sectional observational study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 187-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masato Nishiwaki ◽  
Noriko Ogawa ◽  
Chika Nanayama ◽  
Naoyuki Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Dwellers

scholarly journals Poor Walking Speed Is Associated With Higher Segment-Specific Arterial Stiffness in Older Adult Japanese Community Dwellers: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noriko Ogawa ◽  
Chika Nanayama Tanaka ◽  
Minenori Ishido ◽  
Tomohiro Nakamura ◽  
Masato Nishiwaki
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Dwellers

Walking speed as one index of gait ability is an important component of physical fitness among older adults. Walking speed-arterial stiffness relationships have been studied, but whether poor walking speed is associated with higher segment-specific arterial stiffness in older adults is unclear. We thus aimed to examine the relationship between walking speed and segmental arterial stiffness among older community dwellers. This study was a cross-sectional study of 492 older Japanese community dwellers (age range, 65 to 96 years). Heart-brachial PWV (hbPWV), brachial-ankle PWV (baPWV), heart-ankle PWV (haPWV), and cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) were used as arterial stiffness indices. Walking speed, strength, flexibility, and cognitive function were also assessed. The participants were categorized into low (Slow), middle (Middle), and high (Fast) tertiles according to walking speed. The CAVI and baPWV were significantly lower in Fast than in Slow. Significant decreasing trends in CAVI and baPWV and a tendency toward decreasing trend in haPWV were observed from Slow to Fast, whereas hbPWV did not significantly differ among tertiles and no trend was evident. The results remained significant after normalizing CAVI and PWVs for multicollinearity of arterial stiffness indices and major confounding factors, such as age, gender, body mass index, blood pressure, cognitive function, and each physical fitness. Therefore, these findings suggest that poor walking speed is associated with higher segment-specific arterial stiffness of the central and lower limbs, but not of upper, in older adult community dwellers.

scholarly journals Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index in the Persons with Pre-Diabetes and Diabetes Mellitus in the Population Sample of the Russian Federation

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 474
Author(s):  
Alexei N. Sumin ◽  
Natalia A. Bezdenezhnykh ◽  
Andrey V. Bezdenezhnykh ◽  
Galina V. Artamonova
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Visceral Obesity ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Diabetes Patients

The aim of this study was to evaluate Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI) and increased arterial stiffness predictors in patients with carbohydrate metabolism disorders (CMD) in the population sample of Russian Federation. Methods: 1617 patients (age 25–64 years) were enrolled in an observational cross-sectional study Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases and Their Risk Factors in the Regions of the Russian Federation (ESSE-RF). The standard ESSE-RF protocol has been extended to measure the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), a marker of arterial stiffness. Patients were divided into three groups: patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (n = 272), patients with prediabetes (n = 44), and persons without CMD (n = 1301). Results: Median CAVI was higher in diabetes and prediabetes groups compared with group without CMD (p = 0.009 and p < 0.001, respectively). Elevated CAVI (≥9.0) was detected in 16.8% of diabetes patients, in 15.9% of those with prediabetes, and in 9.0% of those without CMD (p < 0.001). The factors affecting on CAVI did not differ in CVD groups. In logistic regression the visceral obesity, increasing systolic blood pressure (SBP) and decreasing glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were associated with a pathological CAVI in CMD patients, and age, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and cholesterol in persons without CMD. Conclusions: the CAVI index values in the prediabetes and diabetes patients were higher than in normoglycemic persons in a population sample of the Russian Federation. Since the identified disorders of arterial stiffness in prediabetes are similar to those in diabetes, their identification is important to prevent further cardiovascular complications.

What Physical Fitness Component Is Most Closely Associated With Adolescents' Blood Pressure?

2017 ◽  
Vol 124 (6) ◽  
pp. 1107-1120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heloyse E. G. Nunes ◽  
Carlos A. S. Alves ◽  
Eliane C. A. Gonçalves ◽  
Diego A. S. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Digital Pressure

This study aimed to determine which of four selected physical fitness variables, would be most associated with blood pressure changes (systolic and diastolic) in a large sample of adolescents. This was a descriptive and cross-sectional, epidemiological study of 1,117 adolescents aged 14–19 years from southern Brazil. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured by a digital pressure device, and the selected physical fitness variables were body composition (body mass index), flexibility (sit-and-reach test), muscle strength/resistance (manual dynamometer), and aerobic fitness (Modified Canadian Aerobic Fitness Test). Simple and multiple linear regression analyses revealed that aerobic fitness and muscle strength/resistance best explained variations in systolic blood pressure for boys (17.3% and 7.4% of variance) and girls (7.4% of variance). Aerobic fitness, body composition, and muscle strength/resistance are all important indicators of blood pressure control, but aerobic fitness was a stronger predictor of systolic blood pressure in boys and of diastolic blood pressure in both sexes.

Abstract 412: Obesity is an Independent Predictor Of Arterial Stiffness

Hypertension ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohan Thanikachalam ◽  
Shasha Bai ◽  
Vijayakumar Harivanzan ◽  
Ragavendra R Baliga ◽  
William T Abraham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background Arterial stiffness assessed by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) is an independent predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We aimed to investigate how various measures of obesity affect arterial stiffness. Methods We conducted a population-based cross-sectional survey in 8,042 South Indians above the age of 20 years. Following completion of a detailed medical history questionnaire, all participants underwent haemodynamic screening including brachial and central blood pressure, and PWV measurements using a high-fidelity applanation tonometry. The study included anthropometric measurements and fasting blood for total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and blood glucose (BG) levels. After the exclusion of people with previous history of diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia on drug therapy, 5,841 subjects (mean age 41.6 years; 58% women) constituted the study sample Results In an univariate analysis, PWV correlated positively with age, mean blood pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist to hip ratio (WHR), body fat percent (BF%), TC, TG, LDL and BG levels (P <0.001) and negatively with HDL levels (P=0.005). In a multivariate regression analysis, majority of the PWV variability in the model was accounted for by MAP and age, (cumulative adjusted R2 change of 32.79% as compared to the total adjusted R2 change of 35.25%). However, BMI (β= 0.042; adjusted R2 change=2.83%; p<0.001) independently correlated with PWV and its contribution to the PWV variability was far more significant compared to LDL, BG and TG (cumulative adjusted R2 change=1.08%). Multivariate regression analysis using the WC, WHR, or BF% instead of the BMI continued to demonstrate a significant independent effect of obesity parameters on PWV. Conclusion: In a large a population-based cross-sectional survey the study demonstrates a positive, independent association between obesity parameters and increased arterial stiffness.

scholarly journals Differential Effects of Combination of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Inhibitors on Central Aortic Blood Pressure: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study in Hypertensive Outpatients

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Akshyaya Pradhan ◽  
Pravesh Vishwakarma ◽  
Monika Bhandari ◽  
Rishi Sethi ◽  
Varun Shankar Narain
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Central Hemodynamics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Aortic Blood ◽  
Vascular Age ◽  
Aortic Blood Pressure ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Central Aortic Blood Pressure

Background. Central aortic blood pressure (CABP) indices, central hemodynamics, and arterial stiffness are better predictors of cardiovascular events as compared with brachial cuff pressure measurements alone. The present study is aimed at assessing the effects of different antihypertensive drug combination regimens involving renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors on CABP indices in Indian patients with hypertension. Methods. This was a cross-sectional, single-center study conducted in patients treated for hypertension for >6 weeks using different treatment regimens involving the combination of RAAS inhibitors with drugs from other classes. CABP indices, vascular age, arterial stiffness, and central hemodynamics were measured in patients using the noninvasive Agedio B900 device (IEM, Stolberg, Germany) and compared between different treatment regimens. Results. A total of 199 patients with a mean age of 54.22±10.15 years were enrolled, where 68.8% had hypertension for over three years and 50.25% had their systolic blood pressure SBP<140 mmHg. Combination treatment with angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) was given to 77.9% and to 20.1% patients, respectively. The mean vascular age was higher than the actual age (58.13±12.43 vs. 54.22±10.15, p=0.001). The SBP and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) levels in patients treated with ACEI-based combinations were lower than those in patients treated with ARB-based combinations (p<0.05). The mean central pulse pressure amplification, augmentation pressure, and augmentation index were lower in patients treated with ACEI-based combinations than those treated with other treatments (p=0.001). In a subgroup analysis, patients given perindopril and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) or diuretics had significantly lower CABP and pulse wave velocity than those given other treatments (p<0.05). A total of 6.5% patients experienced any side effects. Conclusion. The majority of central hemodynamic parameters, including vascular age, were found to improve more effectively in patients treated with ACEIs than with ARBs. Our results indicate a gap between routine clinical practice and evidence-based guidelines in Indian settings and identify a need to reevaluate the current antihypertensive prescription strategy.

scholarly journals Prevalence of cardiac autonomic dysfunction in patients with metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional, observational study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 987
Author(s):  
Akash C. Lohakare ◽  
Pawan Mehta ◽  
Shuchi Singh
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Autonomic Dysfunction ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Dysfunction

Background: Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a distinguished disorder associated with diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome. The pathogenesis of CAN in patients with metabolic syndrome still remains unclear. This study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of cardiac autonomic dysfunction in patients with metabolic syndrome and to correlate different parameters of metabolic syndrome with cardiac autonomic dysfunction.Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, total 100 consecutive cases meeting the inclusion criteria and attending the Department of Medicine in Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi were enrolled. 50 subjects who satisfied the IDF criteria of metabolic syndrome were taken as cases and remaining 50 subjects (age and gender matched) who did not satisfy the IDF criteria were taken as controls. Comparison of categorical variables was made using chi-square or Fisher’s exact test. P-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Majority of study population (i.e., 42%) belonged to the age group of 41-50 years. Overall prevalence of cardiac autonomic dysfunction (CAD) was 25%. Prevalence of CAD among cases and controls was 38% and 12%, respectively. Overall distribution of various parameters like waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, blood pressure, HDL-C and serum triglycerides was assessed in all subjects with respect to CAD. Statistically significant association of these parameters was seen with CAD (p-value ≤0.01).Conclusions: In this study, strong association was found between CAD and central obesity, impaired fasting glucose, high blood pressure and dyslipidemia. Thus, the metabolic disorders are good predictors of CAD.

Abstract 214: Arterial Stiffness in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: a Cross-Sectional Study in Guayaquil, Ecuador

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A Peñaherrera ◽  
Ruben E Peñaherrera ◽  
Maria C Duarte ◽  
Ernesto Peñaherrera
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Abdominal Girth ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: metabolic syndrome (MetS) can chronically affect blood vessels, leading to cardiovascular disease. Techniques that assess arterial rigidity and age such as Arteriograph® can provide insight on blood vessel function. We aimed to evaluate arterial stiffness in patients with MetS. Methodology: cross-sectional study at Luis Vernaza hospital between November and December 2015. We included patients from the Cardiology Department with a full blood panel. We obtained clinical data for age, gender, history of smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and left ventricular hypertrophy, and measured abdominal girth and blood pressure. Using the Arteriograph®, we measured brachial and central augmentation indexes, central blood pressure, pulse wave velocity (PWV) and arterial age. We retrieved values for triglycerides, HDL, and glycemia from laboratory data. We used IDF criteria to diagnose MetS, but ALAD criteria were used to detect increased abdominal girth. A p value of <0.05 accepted for significance. Results: 95 patients were selected for analysis. 42 (44.2%) were female and 53 (55.8%) were male, with mean age of 61.7 years (SD 13.1). 58 (61.1%) of our patients had hypertension, 29 (30.5%) had diabetes, and 33 (34.7%) had ventricular hypertrophy. 47 (49.5%) of our patients had MetS. We found significant differences in arterial measurements in MetS vs. non-MetS patients, with higher values in the former (Table 1). We obtained non-significant results for the relationship between arterial age and MetS (p=0.32), even after adjusting for smoking (p=0.28) or ventricular hypertrophy (p=0.71). We found non-significant correlation between age and PWV (p=0.32), and found MetS to be significantly more common in women (p<0.001). Conclusion: MetS patients have a higher grade of arterial stiffness. Arterial age was not related to MetS, and it was more prevalent in women. Arteriograph® measurements are helpful to improve diagnosis and management of cardiovascular patients.

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