Survey for Placental Disease and Reproductive Pathogens in the Endangered Hawaiian Monk Seal (Neomonachus schauinslandi)

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 564-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Barbieri ◽  
Colleen Duncan ◽  
Albert L. Harting ◽  
Kristy L. Pabilonia ◽  
Thea C. Johanos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hawaiian Monk Seal ◽  
Placental Disease

scholarly journals Elevated Circulating and Placental SPINT2 Is Associated with Placental Dysfunction

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7467
Author(s):  
Ciara N. Murphy ◽  
Susan P. Walker ◽  
Teresa M. MacDonald ◽  
Emerson Keenan ◽  
Natalie J. Hannan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Placental Insufficiency ◽  
Human Trophoblast ◽  
Trophoblast Stem Cells ◽  
Placental Dysfunction ◽  
Foetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Term Delivery ◽  
Placental Disease ◽  
Prospective Cohorts

Biomarkers for placental dysfunction are currently lacking. We recently identified SPINT1 as a novel biomarker; SPINT2 is a functionally related placental protease inhibitor. This study aimed to characterise SPINT2 expression in placental insufficiency. Circulating SPINT2 was assessed in three prospective cohorts, collected at the following: (1) term delivery (n = 227), (2) 36 weeks (n = 364), and (3) 24–34 weeks’ (n = 294) gestation. SPINT2 was also measured in the plasma and placentas of women with established placental disease at preterm (<34 weeks) delivery. Using first-trimester human trophoblast stem cells, SPINT2 expression was assessed in hypoxia/normoxia (1% vs. 8% O2), and following inflammatory cytokine treatment (TNFa, IL-6). Placental SPINT2 mRNA was measured in a rat model of late-gestational foetal growth restriction. At 36 weeks, circulating SPINT2 was elevated in patients who later developed preeclampsia (p = 0.028; median = 2233 pg/mL vs. controls, median = 1644 pg/mL), or delivered a small-for-gestational-age infant (p = 0.002; median = 2109 pg/mL vs. controls, median = 1614 pg/mL). SPINT2 was elevated in the placentas of patients who required delivery for preterm preeclampsia (p = 0.025). Though inflammatory cytokines had no effect, hypoxia increased SPINT2 in cytotrophoblast stem cells, and its expression was elevated in the placental labyrinth of growth-restricted rats. These findings suggest elevated SPINT2 is associated with placental insufficiency.

Doppler velocimetry and placental disease

1989 ◽  
Vol 161 (2) ◽  
pp. 388-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis A. Bracero ◽  
Debra Beneck ◽  
Nancy Kirshenbaum ◽  
Marianne Peiffer ◽  
Patricia Stalter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Doppler Velocimetry ◽  
Placental Disease

Status of the Hawaiian monk seal (Monachus schauinslandi) population

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 1185-1190 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. Gilmartin ◽  
L. L. Eberhardt
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Sex Ratios ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Hawaiian Monk Seal ◽  
Monachus Schauinslandi ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Unknown Factor ◽  
Adult Sex Ratio

Restoration of the Hawaiian monk seal (Monachus schauinslandi) population to its former abundance poses a number of problems in managing a complex system. Sharp differences in history and current trend exist among the six major pupping sites. A severely unbalanced adult sex ratio has resulted in deaths from "mobbing" of estrus females at two sites. Some unknown factor apparently severely reduced the numbers of females at three of the sites and thus produced the observed excess of males. Sex ratios subsequently decreased, but losses of adult females continue at two sites. A simple model indicates that sex ratios at the two sites where mobbing is a problem would require more than 10 years to approach an equilibrium value. Data on trends from counts are compared with estimates from reproduction and survival rates and agree closely except at one site (Kure Atoll), where introductions of young females have been made.

scholarly journals 266: Invasive placental disease: the impact of a multi-disciplinary approach to management

2016 ◽  
Vol 214 (1) ◽  
pp. S156
Author(s):  
John C. Smulian ◽  
Ana-Liza Pascual ◽  
Helai Hesham ◽  
Emma Qureshey ◽  
M Bijoy Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Placental Disease ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Pregnancy-associated and placental proteins in the placental tissue of normal pregnant women and patients with pre-eclampsia at term

2002 ◽  
pp. 785-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
NA Bersinger ◽  
N Groome ◽  
S Muttukrishna
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Placental Tissue ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Activin A ◽  
Placental Lactogen ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Protein Markers ◽  
Inhibin A ◽  
Placental Disease

OBJECTIVE: Pre-eclampsia is a placental disease of unknown cause. Maternal circulating concentrations of a number of protein markers are altered (mainly increased) in pre-eclampsia in comparison with controls of matched gestational age. Inhibin A and activin A were found to be elevated even before the onset of the disease. The aim of this study was to compare the levels of inhibin A, activin A: follistatin ratio, leptin, pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A), human placental lactogen (HPL), placenta growth factor (PLGF) and pregnancy-specific beta1-glycoprotein (SP1) in placental extracts of normal pregnant women and pre-eclampsia patients at term. METHODS: Placental tissue from normal pregnancies (n=14) and patients with pre-eclampsia (n=13) were collected at term (> or =37 weeks of gestation) and stored at -80 degrees C. The frozen tissue pieces were homogenised and the above-mentioned proteins were measured by specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS: Placental contents of inhibin A and PAPP-A were significantly higher (P<0.05) in pre-eclampsia placental extracts compared with the controls. Activin A:follistatin ratio was higher (23) in pre-eclampsia extracts than in the controls (15). Leptin, PLGF, SP1 and HPL levels were not altered in the term pre-eclampsia placenta. Inhibin A and PAPP-A contents were increased in the placental extracts of pre-eclampsia patients. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that the placenta, possibly by a compensatory mechanism, is at least in part responsible for the altered serum levels observed in pre-eclampsia.

Hereditary thrombophilia and recurrence of ischemic placental disease

2010 ◽  
Vol 202 (1) ◽  
pp. 54.e1-54.e5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Verspyck ◽  
Jeanne-Yvonne Borg ◽  
Horace Roman ◽  
Bernard Thobois ◽  
Patrick Pia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hereditary Thrombophilia ◽  
Placental Disease

scholarly journals Risk of ischemic placental disease in fresh and frozen embryo transfer cycles

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 714-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine M. Johnson ◽  
Michele R. Hacker ◽  
Nina Resetkova ◽  
Barbara O'Brien ◽  
Anna M. Modest
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Frozen Embryo Transfer ◽  
Placental Disease
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