Natural Infection of Wild Canids (Cerdocyon thous and Lycalopex gymnocercus) with the Intraendothelial Piroplasm Rangelia vitalii in Southern Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 880-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Fredo ◽  
Matheus V. Bianchi ◽  
Caroline P. De Andrade ◽  
Suyene O. De Souza ◽  
Ronaldo V. Leite-Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Infection ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Wild Canids ◽  
Cerdocyon Thous

scholarly journals Natural infection of Deroceras laeve (Mollusca: gastropoda) with metastrongylid larvae in a transmission focus of abdominal angiostrongyliasis

2002 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Lucyk MAURER ◽  
Carlos GRAEFF-TEIXEIRA ◽  
José Willibaldo THOMÉ ◽  
Luís Antônio CHIARADIA ◽  
Hiroko SUGAYA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Crop Pest ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Family ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
First Time

Angiostrongylus costaricensis is a nematode parasitic of rodents. Man may become infected by ingestion of the third stage larvae produced within the intermediate hosts, usually slugs from the family Veronicellidae. An epidemiological study carried out in a locality in southern Brazil (western Santa Catarina State) where these slugs are a crop pest and an important vector for A. costaricensis has documented for the first time the natural infection of Deroceras laeve with metastrongylid larvae. This small limacid slug is frequently found amid the folds of vegetable leaves and may be inadvertently ingested. Therefore D. laeve may have an important role in transmission of A. costaricensis to man.

scholarly journals DETECTION OF Leishmania (Viannia) IN Nyssomyia neivai AND Nyssomyia whitmani BY MULTIPLEX POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION, IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 391-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herintha Coeto Neitzke-Abreu ◽  
Kárin Rosi Reinhold-Castro ◽  
Mateus Sabaini Venazzi ◽  
Regiane Bertin de Lima Scodro ◽  
Alessandra de Cassia Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Leishmania Infection ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Sandflies transmit pathogens of leishmaniasis. The natural infection of sandflies by Leishmania (Viannia) was assessed in municipalities, in the state of Paraná, in Southern Brazil. Sandflies were collected with Falcão and Shannon traps. After dissection in search of flagellates in digestive tubes and identification of the species, female sandflies were submitted to the Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (multiplex PCR) for detection of the fragment of the kDNA of Leishmania (Viannia) and the fragment from the IVS6 cacophony gene region of the phlebotomine insects. The analysis was performed in pools containing seven to 12 guts from females of the same species. A total of 510 female sandflies were analyzed, including nine Migonemyia migonei, 17 Pintomyia fischeri, 216 Nyssomyia neivai, and 268 Nyssomyia whitmani. Although none of the females was found naturally infected by flagellates through dissection, the fragment of DNA from Leishmania (Viannia) was shown by multiplex PCR in one sample of Ny. neivai (0.46%) and three samples of Ny. whitmani (1.12%). It was concluded that Ny. neivai and Ny. whitmani are susceptible to Leishmania infection, and that multiplex PCR can be used in epidemiological studies to detect the natural infection of the sandfly vector, because of its sensitivity, specificity and feasibility.

scholarly journals Virome of crab-eating (Cerdocyon thous) and pampas foxes (Lycalopex gymnocercus) from southern Brazil and Uruguay

2020 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 104421
Author(s):  
M.N. Weber ◽  
A.C.S. Mosena ◽  
M.S. da Silva ◽  
R. Canova ◽  
C. de Lorenzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Cerdocyon Thous

scholarly journals Anatomo-pathological aspects of parasitism by nematodes of the superfamily Metastrongyloidea in wild crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) in Midwestern Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jair Alves Ferreira Júnior ◽  
Guilherme Reis Blume ◽  
Susy Karoline Hermes de Sousa ◽  
Clarissa Machado de Carvalho ◽  
Chris Gardiner
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Arteries ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Angiostrongylus Vasorum ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Nervous Systems ◽  
Histological Features ◽  
Wild Canids ◽  
Cerdocyon Thous ◽  
Domestic Carnivores

ABSTRACT: Nematodes of the superfamily Metastrongyloidea affect the respiratory, cardiovascular, and nervous systems of domestic carnivores and are uncommonly detected in wild animals. This report describes the lesions associated with pulmonary parasitism by nematodes of the superfamily Metastrongyloidea in a wild crab-eating fox ( Cerdocyon thous ) in the Federal District, Brazil. Grossly, there was pulmonary hyperemia, edema, and emphysema. Microscopically, there was granulomatous arteritis associated with intravascular metastrongylid. The anatomical location, characteristic lesion, and histological features of the parasite suggested that the nematode involved in this case is Angiostrongylus vasorum . This worm is frequently reported parasitizing pulmonary arteries of domestic canids but is uncommonly described in wild canids in Midwestern Brazil.

Detection of antibodies to Neospora caninum in two species of wild canids, Lycalopex gymnocercus and Cerdocyon thous from Brazil

2004 ◽  
Vol 123 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 275-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.A. Cañón-Franco ◽  
L.E.O. Yai ◽  
S.L.P. Souza ◽  
L.C. Santos ◽  
N.A.R. Farias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Wild Canids ◽  
Cerdocyon Thous

scholarly journals Diet and habitat use by two sympatric canids in the Pampas of South America

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Lucas Porto ◽  
Ana Maria Rui
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
South America ◽  
Habitat Use ◽  
Food Item ◽  
Habitat Requirements ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Fruit Abundance ◽  
Forested Areas ◽  
Cerdocyon Thous ◽  
Syagrus Romanzoffiana

The crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) and the Pampas fox (Lycalopex gymnocercus) are two canids with very similar food and habitat requirements, which live in sympatry across parts of their distributions. Here we describe the diet and habitat use of both canids in the Pampas biome. The study took place in southern Brazil from December 2012 to December 2013. Diet and habitat use analyses were based on fecal samples, footprints and direct visualizations. Diet overlap was measured using Pianka’s index, while habitat use was measured using presence records from three different environments; forests, edges and open areas. Both canids feed on invertebrates and vertebrates but have preferences for fruits, especially Syagrus romanzoffiana. Pianka’s index showed a high overlap of their diets throughout the year, with the exception of autumn. Regarding habitat use, C. thous preferred to inhabit forested areas while L. gymnocercus was more active in open areas. Our results showed that fruits were the most consumed food item in the Pampas biome. Our findings suggest that habitat use by these two canids is affected by seasonal variation in fruit abundance, but other factors, such as parental care, should be taken into account when explaining how they behave throughout the year.

scholarly journals Investigation of natural infection by Leishmania in sandflies of Paraná State, Southern Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regiane Bertin de Lima Scodro ◽  
Kárin Rosi Reinhold-Castro ◽  
Alessandra de Cassia Dias-Sversutti ◽  
Herintha Coeto Neitzke-Abreu ◽  
Norberto de Assis Membrive ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Light Traps ◽  
Endemic Areas

The purpose of this work was to verify the occurrence of Leishmania in naturally infected sandflies. The insects were collected with Falcão, Shannon and HP light-traps, in Doutor Camargo and Maringá municipalities between November 2004 and October 2005. Of the 11,033 sandflies collected in Doutor Camargo, 2,133 surviving females were dissected, particularly those of the Nyssomyia neivai species (86.87%). In Maringá, 136 sandflies were collected, of which 79 N. whitmani females and 1 Migonemyia migonei female were dissected. The dissected insects were identified and stored in the pools of 10 specimens. The PCR was carried out on 1,190 females of N. neivai and 190 of N. whitmani from Doutor Camargo, and on 30 of N. whitmani from Maringá, using the primers MP1L/MP3H. The natural infection by Leishmania in sandflies was not confirmed by either of the methods used. The results suggested the low natural infection rate of sandflies by Leishmania in these areas, corroborating other studies carried out in endemic areas of ACL.

Molecular and serological investigation of infectious diseases in captive and free-range crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous – Linnaeus, 1776) from northeastern Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 184-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonatas C. Almeida ◽  
Renata P.B. Melo ◽  
Pomy C.P. Kim ◽  
Neurisvan R. Guerra ◽  
Leucio C. Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Free Range ◽  
Wild Canids ◽  
Wild Canid ◽  
Cerdocyon Thous ◽  
Pcr Assays ◽  
Sera Samples

Abstract The aim of this study was to detect DNA and antibodies anti-Leishmania spp., Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in captive and free-range crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) from northeastern Brazil. Twenty-five crab-eating foxes from different states of northeastern Brazil were sampled by this study. Blood samples were collected by cephalic or jugular vein punctures. The whole blood was submitted to PCR, and the sera samples to the serological analysis as follows: MAT for T. gondii, NAT for N. caninum, and ELISA for L. chagasi. The frequence of antibodies anti-T. gondii was 50% and 29.41% for free-range and captive wild canids, respectively. The frequence of antibodies anti-N. caninum observed by this study was 62.50% and 23.52% for free-range and captive wild canids, respectively. The frequence of antibodies anti-L. chagasi was 4.0% for captive wild canids. Co-infections cases were identified as follows: one captive wild canid seropositive for T. gondii and L. chagasi and two free-range animals seropositive for T. gondii and N. caninum. All PCR assays performed were negative for the pathogens analyzed. This study describes the presence of antibodies anti-T. gondii, N. caninum e L. chagasi in wild canids from northeastern Brazil and highlights the necessity of further studies on infectious diseases in free-range and captive wild canids.

scholarly journals Trypanosoma cruzi strains from triatomine collected in Bahia and Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Rimoldi Ribeiro ◽  
Vagner José Mendonça ◽  
Renata Tomé Alves ◽  
Isabel Martinez ◽  
Renato Freitas de Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Intestinal Content ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Abdominal Compression ◽  
Insect Identification ◽  
Triatomine Species ◽  
Panstrongylus Geniculatus

OBJECTIVE Collection of triatomines in domestic, peridomestic and sylvatic environments in states of Bahia and Rio Grande do Sul, Northeastern and Southern Brazil respectively, and isolation of Trypanosoma cruzi strains. METHODS First, the captured triatomines were identified using insect identification keys, then their intestinal content was examined by abdominal compression, and the samples containing trypanosomatid forms were inoculated in LIT medium and Swiss mice. RESULTS Six triatomine species were collected in cities in Bahia, namely Panstrongylus geniculatus (01), Triatoma melanocephala (11), T. lenti (94), T. pseudomaculata (02), T. sherlocki (26) and T. sordida (460), and two in cities in Rio Grande do Sul, namely T. circummaculata (11) and T. rubrovaria (115). Out of the specimens examined, T. cruzi was isolated from 28 triatomine divided into four different species: T. melanocephala (one), T. lenti (one), T. rubrovaria (16) and T. sordida (10). Their index of natural infection by T. cruzi was 6.4%. CONCLUSIONS The isolation of T. cruzi strains from triatomines found in domestic and peridomestic areas shows the potential risk of transmission of Chagas disease in the studied cities. The maintenance of those T. cruzi strains in laboratory is intended to promote studies that facilitate the understanding of the parasite-vector-host relationship.

scholarly journals Wild and Domestic Canids and Their Interactions in the Transmission Cycles of Trypanosoma Cruzi and Leishmania spp. in an Area of the Brazilian Cerrado

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 818
Author(s):  
Elida M. V. Brandão ◽  
Samanta C. C. Xavier ◽  
Fabiana L. Rocha ◽  
Caio F. M. Lima ◽  
Ísis Z. Candeias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Fresh Blood ◽  
Positive Skin ◽  
Wild Canids ◽  
Leishmania Spp ◽  
Cerdocyon Thous ◽  
Chrysocyon Brachyurus ◽  
Dog Infection ◽  
Low Rate

Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp. are parasites that infect multiple hosts including canids, considered bioaccumulators of parasites. Deforestation in the Cerrado biome has resulted in the exposure of wild canids to anthropized areas, where they may establish ecological and epidemiological relationships with domestic dogs. We evaluated the infection by trypanosomatids in canids from a Cerrado agroecosystem between 2013 and 2017. Samples of wild canids (blood, bone marrow and skin) and dogs (blood) were collected for parasitological, serological and molecular diagnosis. A total of 414 samples from wild (n = 131) and domestic (n = 283) canids were collected, including recaptures. We obtained five positive hemocultures from Lycalopex vetulus (n = 2), Cerdocyon thous (n = 1) and dogs (n = 2), all characterized as T. cruzi TcIII/V (18S rDNA) and TcIII/V/VI (gGAPDH); one positive skin fragment for Leishmania sp. (C. thous), one positive skin culture (Chrysocyon brachyurus) and one positive fresh blood examination from a dog. Infection by T. cruzi and Leishmania spp. was serologically confirmed in 18% and 4% of the canids, respectively. Active transmission was attested by seroconversion events and occurred despite the low rate of positive parasitological assays. Wild and domestic canids infected by both parasites were detected sharing the same areas, pointing to a possible spillover of parasites among them.

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