PATHOBIOLOGY AND VIRUS SHEDDING OF LOW-PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA VIRUS (A/H1N1) INFECTION IN MALLARDS EXPOSED TO OSELTAMIVIR

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Bröjer ◽  
Josef D. Järhult ◽  
Shaman Muradrasoli ◽  
Hanna Söderstrom ◽  
Björn Olsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
H1n1 Infection ◽  
Virus Shedding ◽  
Influenza Virus A ◽  
Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza

scholarly journals Low-pathogenic avian influenza virus A/turkey/Ontario/6213/1966 (H5N1) is the progenitor of highly pathogenic A/turkey/Ontario/7732/1966 (H5N9)

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (8) ◽  
pp. 1649-1657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihui Ping ◽  
Mohammed Selman ◽  
Shaun Tyler ◽  
Nicole Forbes ◽  
Liya Keleta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
North American ◽  
Genomic Sequence ◽  
Highly Pathogenic ◽  
Influenza Virus A ◽  
Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza

The first confirmed outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus infections in North America was caused by A/turkey/Ontario/7732/1966 (H5N9); however, the phylogeny of this virus is largely unknown. This study performed genomic sequence analysis of 11 avian influenza isolates from 1956 to 1979 for comparison with A/turkey/Ontario/7732/1966 (H5N9). Phylogenetic and genetic analyses included these viruses in combination with all known full-genome sequences of avian viruses isolated before 1981. It was shown that a low-pathogenic avian influenza virus, A/turkey/Ontario/6213/1966 (H5N1), that had been isolated 3 months previously, was the closest known genetic relative with six genome segments of common lineage encoding the polymerase subunits PB2, PB1 and PA, nucleoprotein (NP), haemagglutinin (HA) and non-structural (NS) proteins. The lineages of these genome segments included reassortment with other North American turkey viruses that were all rooted in North American wild waterfowl with the HA gene originating from the H5N2 serotype. The phylogenies demonstrated adaptation from North American wild birds to turkeys with the possible involvement of domestic waterfowl. The turkey isolate, A/turkey/Wisconsin/1968 (H5N9), was the second most closely related poultry isolate to A/turkey/Ontario/7732/1966 (H5N9), possessing five common lineage genome segments (PB2, PB1, PA, HA and neuraminidase). The A/turkey/Ontario/6213/1966 (H5N1) virus was more virulent than A/turkey/Wisconsin/68 (H5N9) for chicken embryos and mice, indicating a greater biological similarity to A/turkey/Ontario/7732/1966 (H5N9). Thus, A/turkey/Ontario/6213/1966 (H5N1) was identified as the closest known ancestral relative of HPAI A/turkey/Ontario/7732/1966 (H5N9), which will serve as a useful reference virus for characterizing the early genetic and biological properties associated with the emergence of pathogenic avian influenza strains.

Sales and immunogenicity of commercial vaccines to H9N2 low pathogenic avian influenza virus in Korea from 2007 to 2017

Vaccine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (16) ◽  
pp. 3191-3195
Author(s):  
Hyun-Kyu Cho ◽  
Yong-Myung Kang ◽  
Hyun-Mi Kim ◽  
Chi-Ho Lee ◽  
Do-Young Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
Pathogenic Avian Influenza ◽  
Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus ◽  
Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza
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