Exit Wound

2018 ◽  
pp. 301-328
Keyword(s):  
Exit Wound

Viability of Bos taurus scapulae as a flat bone proxy for ballistic testing

2020 ◽  
pp. jramc-2019-001369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth C Taylor ◽  
D C Kieser ◽  
N Hammer ◽  
B Ondruschka ◽  
E Kranioti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Closed Range ◽  
Exit Wound ◽  
Entrance Wound ◽  
Flat Bone ◽  
Bone Damage ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Full Metal Jacket ◽  
Bone Section ◽  
Wound Morphology

BackgroundHandguns and rifles are often involved in violent deaths such as homicide and suicide. Consequently, forensic investigations are important to clarify the nature of ballistic trauma.MethodsThis study investigated the differences in entrance and exit wound morphology with Bos taurus (bovine) scapulae that have two cortical layers surrounding a central cancellous bone section which are comparable with human flat bones, with a series of experiments using six different calibres (0.22 Long Rifle, 9×19 mm North Atlantic Treaty Organization, 0.40 Smith & Wesson, 0.45 Automatic Colt Pistol, 5.56×45 mm and 7.62×51 mm). B. taurus (bovine) scapulae were used for closed range 30 cm simulated executions.ResultsThe ballistic experiments presented similarities in entrance wound morphology and exit wound bevelling with that of recognised forensic cases. As muzzle velocity increased, bevelling increased. Circumferential delamination is clearly visible with full metal jacket rounds, yielding similar bone damage morphology as human crania.ConclusionBovine scapulae seem appropriate for ballistic simulations of flat bone injuries on the macroscopic level, if the correct portion of the scapulae is deployed. More research is needed to further substantiate these interpretations.

scholarly journals A fatal near-range gunshot below the chin in a child

2019 ◽  
pp. 52-53
Author(s):  
Youssef Nouma
Keyword(s):  
Short Distance ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Massive Hemorrhage ◽  
Facial Trauma ◽  
Metal Object ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Exit Wound ◽  
Entry Wound ◽  
Scene Investigation ◽  
Witness Statements

A 14-year-old child was shot from distance in a neighboring country. The all available data was taken from the father without any idea about the scene investigation or the witness statements. On external examination, we have found a near-range gunshot entry wound with an ovalshaped entrance defect in the submental region. The defect edges were crenellated and scalloped showing the appearance of a "rat-hole" surrounded by concentric soot area with deposited burned grains and enfumage zone (Image 1). A reentry wound surrounded by a red-purple zone in the tongue underside (Image 2) and an exit wound in its upper side were found. At the frontal region, a stellate exit wound was seat of brain matter and bone splinter (Image 3). X-ray showed bone fractures without any metal object (Image 4). At autopsy, the tongue was shredded and there was a massive hemorrhage in the aero digestive crossroads. The external beveling of the exit wound was associated with skull bursting, sub- and extra-dural hematomas, and multiple brain hemorrhagic foci. Lack of ballistic study, we only confirmed that "penetrating cranio-facial trauma with at least one near-range gunshot below the chin" was the cause of death. Thus, all hypotheses of accident, suicide or homicide were possible provided the shot was fired from short distance. After confronting the father to this finding, he confessed that he tried to conceal the truth in order to protect his older son. The deceased was shot by his 16-year-old brother, while they were playing "cops and robbers" game.

scholarly journals Carboxyhemoglobin Detection in the Periorificial Tissues as an Accurate Method for Identifying the Gunshot Entrance Wound

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 1239-1241
Author(s):  
Camelia-Oana Muresan ◽  
Roxana Zavoi ◽  
Veronica Ciocan ◽  
Raluca Dumache ◽  
Ramona Parvanescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Short Range ◽  
Gunshot Wounds ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Entry And Exit ◽  
Forensic Expertise ◽  
Exit Wound ◽  
Entrance Wound ◽  
The Difference

One of the main objectives of the forensic expertise in gunshot injuries is establishing the direction of the shooting. The first step of the process is represented by studying the macroscopic differences in the morphology of the entrance and exit wounds, which in most cases suffice for the differential diagnosis between entrance and exit wound. In some cases, making the difference by using morphology alone is not possible, because the two wounds may present common or peculiar features. In these cases, analytical investigations can help in solving this important aspect of the case investigation. The detection of carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) in the perilesional tissues is one of the differentiation criteria between entry and exit wound. In some cases of short range shooting included in our study group, we determined the COHb concentration in blood sampled from the entrance wound. COHb values ranged between 10% and 60%. Given the known chemical stability of COHb, its determination can also prove useful in the examination of putrefied bodies, where the morphology of the gunshot wounds is more or less altered, depending on the stage of putrefaction.

High-Velocity Gunshot Wounds to the Head and Neck: A Review of Wound Ballistics

1998 ◽  
Vol 163 (5) ◽  
pp. 346-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sertac Yetiser ◽  
Mustafa Kahramanyol
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
High Velocity ◽  
Gunshot Wounds ◽  
Wound Ballistics ◽  
Firearm Injuries ◽  
Gunshot Injuries ◽  
Exit Wound ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Distinct Features

Abstract Patients who sustain gunshot injuries to the head and neck face heavy tissue damage and eventually life-threatening conditions. A very significant factor that determines the degree of injury is the course and extent of the missile track. The missile track is well correlated with bullet structure, size, and velocity, which have distinct features in civilian and military firearm injuries. The missile entrance or exit wound may be out of sight in some injuries, and often it is difficult to predict the severity of the injury in the chaotic circumstances of the battlefield. We studied the wound ballistics in five soldiers who suffered penetrating cranial and cervical firearm injuries.

Electrocution injuries. A case report

1991 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
JB Addante ◽  
M Chin ◽  
J Eto ◽  
RE Baker
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Ischemic Necrosis ◽  
Exit Wound ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Electrical Source

A case study of a high-voltage injury was presented. The short period that the patient was in contact with the electrical source prevented further systemic injury and may have saved her life. The patient's present neuritis is indicative of long-term sequelae of electrocution injury, in which ischemic necrosis of the surrounding nerves can occur near or at the site of the exit wound.

A Rare Case of an Intact Bone Plug Associated with a Gunshot Exit Wound

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 1074-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cate E. Bird ◽  
Julie M. Fleischman
Keyword(s):  
Rare Case ◽  
Exit Wound ◽  
Intact Bone ◽  
Bone Plug
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