scholarly journals Open Source Platforms as a Foundation for Open Science

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Smeall
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Scholarly Communication ◽  
Open Science ◽  
University Of California ◽  
Technological Infrastructure ◽  
Research Communication ◽  
Communication Practices ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

Watch the VIDEO.At this time of rapid advancements in scholarly communication, publishers must increasingly find new ways to respond and adapt to researcher needs. However current technological infrastructure in the industry is not built to be agile or easily customizable. We must look beyond the inflexible, restrictive, and costly technology silos we currently have, evaluate our workflows, and learn from other industries to pursue community-owned, collaborative solutions. How can open source technology equip us in our pursuit of efficient, sustainable publishing that can evolve with research communication practices? Can we aggregate and share the cost of building core tools, refocusing our technology investments instead into the customizations and enhancements needed to befit researcher requirements, all in the framework of open source? In this presentation we will outline the significance of open source infrastructure to Hindawi’s mission and vision, and the importance of partnering with like-minded organizations to drive change for the industry. We will present the work that Hindawi has undertaken in collaboration with the Coko Foundation, eLife, and the University of California Press to evolve xPub—a modular open source architecture, configurable in a variety of arrangements to provide a host of workflow solutions for publishers—and consider the impact that the adoption and integration of xPub can have for publishers, societies, and institutions worldwide.

scholarly journals What can scholars learn from Open Source software communities during pandemics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Tennant ◽  
Tom Crick
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Scholarly Communication ◽  
Social Demand ◽  
Research Communities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Current Outbreak ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Global Research

When the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak began on January 31, 2020, no-one could have anticipated the impact that it would have on our scholarly communication and publishing systems. That is, perhaps, unless you work on open source software. Right now, global research communities are united to collaborate on solving the threat of the pandemic, sharing resources and knowledge more efficiently and effective than ever before, a process broadly described as ‘open scholarship’ (Dunleavy, 2020). This is essentially akin to how free and open source software (FOSS) communities have been operating now for decades (Willinsky, 2005). Recently, we participated in a “massively open online paper”, or MOOP, that explored the intersections between FOSS and open scholarship (Tennant, Agarwal, et al., 2020). Here, we want to summarise our key findings from that project, and place them in the context of the current outbreak. Critically, this pandemic shows us that many of the pervasive and systemic issues surrounding the evaluation, valuation, use and operationalisation of “openness” in scholarship can be extremely easily bypassed when the social demand and urgency is there, thus showing that the primary barriers towards open scholarship are inherently political and not technical.

Growing a University’s Technological Infrastructure

2011 ◽  
pp. 86-99
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Higher Learning ◽  
Maturity Model ◽  
Student Body ◽  
Technological Infrastructure ◽  
Administrative Services ◽  
Planning Models ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Learning ◽  
Strategic Plans ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

This chapter considers concepts, planning models, and related processes associated with infrastructure growth at institutions of higher learning. The author offers various definitions of infrastructure, describes an infrastructure maturity model, and discusses strategies and models for related strategic planning. In addition, the chapter provides portions of actual strategic plans related to infrastructure. The chapter closes with a description of how the author’s home institution has grown its technological infrastructure in order to provide required administrative services, communications, and instruction to a growing student body engaged in an expanding curriculum. The impact of infrastructure growth on the university community is also discussed.

Impact of Discovery Layers on Accessing E-Resources in Academic Libraries

2016 ◽  
pp. 181-200
Author(s):  
Mayank Yuvaraj
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Library Users ◽  
Search Filters ◽  
Search Tool ◽  
The University ◽  
Descriptive Survey ◽  
The Impact

The paper discusses the implementation of the ‘CUB E-journal One Search' tool as an alternative solution to commercial discovery services, which was designed using Google Custom Search by the Central Library, Central University of Bihar and its impact on the library users. A descriptive survey method was used for the study. The present study found that library users found CUB E-journal One Search as a useful tool to get their desired information out of 9000 subscribed e-resources in the university. Most of the users used CUB E-journal One Search frequently in order to find relevant articles, write their assignments and research articles. The study indicated that the library users were influenced by Google like single search boxes and wished to have same features. Further, users expected features like document recommendation, search filters, RSS and on-screen help from the discovery tool. The paper is a first attempt to study the impact of open source discovery tools on the library users. It will further give confidence to the librarians in developing countries to deploy open source search solutions using Google Custom Search in the libraries.

scholarly journals Open Science in the Humanities, or: Open Humanities?

Publications ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Knöchelmann
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Scholarly Communication ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Research Practices ◽  
Open Research ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Communication Practices ◽  
Do So

Open science refers to both the practices and norms of more open and transparent communication and research in scientific disciplines and the discourse on these practices and norms. There is no such discourse dedicated to the humanities. Though the humanities appear to be less coherent as a cluster of scholarship than the sciences are, they do share unique characteristics which lead to distinct scholarly communication and research practices. A discourse on making these practices more open and transparent needs to take account of these characteristics. The prevalent scientific perspective in the discourse on more open practices does not do so, which confirms that the discourse’s name, open science, indeed excludes the humanities so that talking about open science in the humanities is incoherent. In this paper, I argue that there needs to be a dedicated discourse for more open research and communication practices in the humanities, one that integrates several elements currently fragmented into smaller, unconnected discourses (such as on open access, preprints, or peer review). I discuss three essential elements of open science—preprints, open peer review practices, and liberal open licences—in the realm of the humanities to demonstrate why a dedicated open humanities discourse is required.

scholarly journals The University of California Ten Meter Telescope Project: Recent Developments

1984 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 755-765
Author(s):  
Jerry E. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
University Of California ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Astronomical Observations ◽  
Primary Mirror ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The University ◽  
Considerable Detail

The University of California has been actively designing a ten meter telescope (TMT) for optical and infrared groundbased astronomical observations since 1977. The project, now developed in considerable detail, is described in a series of Ten Meter Telescope Reports, technical notes, and publications (see, for example, Nelson 1980,1981,1982). In order to achieve an acceptable cost for the project, the design departs substantially from conventional telescope designs. Recognizing that the cost is roughly proportional to the weight of the structure and to the enclosed volume, we have made the reduction of weight and size a high priority goal of the design. To achieve these objectives a light-weight segmented primary mirror was designed. The parabolic primary is a mosaic of 36 hexagonal segments. In addition, the primary focal ratio is f/1.75, thus resulting in a short telescope tube; this allows a very compact dome.

scholarly journals The 100 Top-Cited Studies on Neuropsychology: A Bibliometric Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Ying Xiong ◽  
Yujia Cai ◽  
Linli Zheng ◽  
Yonggang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Web Of Science ◽  
University Of California ◽  
University Of Pennsylvania ◽  
Clinical Neurology ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
R Software ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

ObjectiveThe present study aimed to identify and analyze the bibliometric characteristics of the 100 top-cited studies on neuropsychology.MethodsWe searched the Web of Science Core Collection database to collect studies on neuropsychology from inception to 31st December 2019. Two authors independently screened the literature and extracted the data. Statistical analyses were performed using R software.ResultsThe 100 top-cited articles were cited a total of 166,123 times, ranging from 736 to 24,252 times per article. All of the studies were published from 1967 to 2014 in 47 journals. Neuropsychologia had the highest number of articles (n = 17), followed by Neurology (n = 8). The top three most productive countries were the USA (n = 60), England (n = 13), and Canada (n = 8). Eight authors contributed the same number of studies as the first author (n = 2) or corresponding author (n = 2). The most productive institute was the University of California (n = 9), followed by the University of Pennsylvania (n = 4). Of the 100 top-cited publications, 64 were original articles, and 36 were reviews. The top three Web of Science categories were clinical neurology (n = 28), behavioral sciences (n = 19), and psychiatry (n = 11).ConclusionThis study provides insight into the impact of neuropsychology research and may help doctors, researchers, and stakeholders to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of trends and most influential contributions to the field, thus promoting ideas for future investigation.

scholarly journals Mixed Method Study Examines Undergraduate Student Researchers’ Knowledge and Perceptions About Scholarly Communication Practices

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Melissa Goertzen
Keyword(s):  
Data Management ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Undergraduate Student ◽  
Review Process ◽  
Peer Review Process ◽  
Scholarly Communication ◽  
Student Researchers ◽  
Communication Practices ◽  
The Impact

A Review of: Riehle, C. F., & Hensley, M. K. (2017). What do undergraduate students know about scholarly communication?: A mixed methods study. Portal: Libraries and the Academy, 17(1), 145–178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/pla.2017.0009 Abstract Objective – To examine undergraduate student researchers’ perception and understanding of scholarly communication practices and issues. Design – Mixed method study involving a survey and semi-structured interviews. Setting – Two major undergraduate universities in the Midwest region of the United States. Subjects – Undergraduate students who participated in or had completed undergraduate research experiences with faculty mentors. Method – The method was first approved by Institutional Review Board offices at both campuses involved in the study. Then, students received invitations to participate in a survey via email (Campus 1 = 221 students; Campus 2 = 345 students). Identical online surveys ran separately on each campus; both remained open for a period of three weeks. All respondents received a reminder email one week before the survey closed. Participants answered twelve questions related to demographics and scholarly communication practices. The survey examined knowledge and experience across five areas: the peer review process, author and publisher rights, publication and access models, impact of research, and data management. All students who completed the survey were entered in a drawing for a $50 Amazon card. The response rates were 34.8% (Campus 1) and 18.6% (Campus 2). Surveys on both campuses were administered using different software: campus 1 utilized Qualtrics survey software while campus 2 used an institution-specific survey software. Data sets were normed and merged later in the study to enable comparison and identify broad themes. Survey respondents were also invited to participate in a 15 to 20 minute follow-up interview and were compensated with a $20 Amazon gift card. The interviews consisted of four open-ended questions that further examined students’ knowledge of scholarly communication practices. The researchers coded interview transcripts and identified themes. Qualitative software was used to analyze the surveys and assess coder agreement. Finally, connections and anomalies between survey and interview results were explored. Main Results – Quantitative and qualitative data collected during the study indicate that students were most confident in their understanding of the peer-review process and data management but felt less confident in their knowledge of author and publisher rights, publication and access models, and determining the impact of scholarly research publication. In addition, they value instruction related to scholarly communication topics like the peer-review process, publication models, and data management. However, few students feel confident in their current level of knowledge or ability surrounding the previously mentioned topics. Study findings suggest that this knowledge gap is based on a lack of training or discussion of scholarly communication topics in relation to students’ research activities. Results also suggest that undergraduate students have difficulty articulating their rights as authors and their scholarly communication practices. In many cases, skill sets like data management are learned through trial and error while students progress through the research process. In some cases, faculty mentors have misperceptions and assumptions about undergraduate students’ knowledge and abilities regarding scholarly communication practices. This can create challenges for undergraduate students as they attempt to make informed decisions about research activities based on a limited foundation of experience or information. Finally, results indicate that undergraduate student researchers do not currently view the library as a place to learn about scholarly communication practices. The authors suggest that by forming strategic relationships with undergraduate research program directors, faculty, and graduate student mentors, librarians are in a prime position to incorporate scholarly communication practices into information literacy sessions or provide point-of-need coaching. Conclusion – The researchers conclude that academic libraries are in a unique position to support overarching research, teaching, and learning goals within the academic community. By developing programs that support information literacy and scholarly communication, libraries demonstrate value and align goals with teaching and learning priorities within the higher education community as a whole. Through this work, librarians support students as knowledge creators and advocate for training that emphasizes data literacy, copyright and authors’ rights, and the impact of research within specific disciplines.

Cost-health literacy training in fellowship: A QI initiative.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (29_suppl) ◽  
pp. 80-80
Author(s):  
Katrina Fischer ◽  
Sidharth Anand ◽  
Anne M. Walling ◽  
Sarah Marie Larson ◽  
John Glaspy
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Direct Patient Care ◽  
Financial Toxicity ◽  
Subjective Distress ◽  
Communication Practices ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Case Based

80 Background: Limited cost-health literacy is a significant factor in the physicians ability to discuss and navigate patient financial concerns. Because these skills are not formally taught during training, the cost-health literacy of graduate medical trainees is unknown. This study describes a QI initiative to measure and improve upon the cost-health literacy skills of oncology fellows as it pertains to objective knowledge and self-perceived cost communication practices. Methods: All oncology fellows (n = 19) at the University of California, Los Angeles were invited to participate in QI project during the fall of 2019. Fellows participated in a case-based curriculum over three months, consisting of a group didactic on financial toxicity (45 minutes) and an interactive case based learning scenario that highlighted financial toxicity risk factors and areas for intervention (30 minutes). We concluded with a group discussion (30 minutes) to review and consolidate strategies, identfying internal and external resources that enable physicians to navigate financial toxicity in direct patient care. A cost-health literacy survey was administered at baseline and at the conclusion of the curriculum to evaluate the impact of the program. Results: Of 19 participants, 17 participated and 16 completed both the pre and post survey. These 16 were included in the analysis. After the intervention, participants were more likely to report comfort discussing out of pocket costs (50% v 19%, p = 0.005) and to feel they could help a patient experiencing financial toxicity (62% v 6%, p = 0.005). Fellows were more likely to report awareness of resources that were available to them to help patients manage financial toxicity (69% v 19%, p 0.003) but were no more likely to report asking patients about their subjective distress due to treatment related costs (57% v 50%, p = 0.759). Conclusions: We can teach and improve upon cost-health literacy skills through participation in a targeted, brief curriculum. Further studies are warranted to determine how this approach can be applied in other settings and how it objectively impacts cost communication practices.

scholarly journals Student Perceptions of a Trial of Electronic Text Matching Software: A Preliminary Investigation

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
D. Green ◽  
◽  
I. Lindemann ◽  
K. Marshall ◽  
G. Wilkinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Student Perceptions ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

It is accepted that using electronic detection methods has benefits within an overall strategy to promote academic integrity in an institution. Little attention has been paid to obtaining student perceptions to evaluate the cost/benefit of using such methods. This study reports on the evaluation of a trial of Turnitin software. 728 students responded to a survey about their thoughts on plagiarism and being involved in the trial. This study found that students were generally unsure about the benefits and whether the university should use the software. In particular, two groups of students showed significant differences to the rest of the students sampled. While Non English Speaking Background (NESB) students reported higher levels of perceived usefulness of the software, they also reported higher levels of anxiety about the impact on them. Law students reported lower levels of perceived usefulness of the software and higher levels of concern and mistrust. The impact of such perceptions on the learning environment needs to be investigated. Special attention may be needed in introducing such software to different groups of students in order to limit possible deleterious effects and enhance potential benefits.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Ortholog Alignment Sequence Tools (TOAST) for Phylogenomic Dataset Assembly

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Dornburg ◽  
Dustin J. Wcisel ◽  
J. Thomas Howard ◽  
Jeffrey A. Yoder
Keyword(s):  
Missing Data ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Sequence Alignments ◽  
Multiple Sequence ◽  
Multiple Sequence Alignments ◽  
Sequencing Technologies ◽  
Phylogenomic Analyses ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Advances in next-generation sequencing technologies have reduced the cost of whole transcriptome analyses, allowing characterization of non-model species at unprecedented levels. The rapid pace of transcriptomic sequencing has driven the public accumulation of a wealth of data for phylogenomic analyses, however lack of tools aimed towards phylogeneticists to efficiently identify orthologous sequences currently hinders effective harnessing of this resource.Results We introduce TOAST, an open source R software package that can utilize the ortholog searches based on the software Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs (BUSCO) to assemble multiple sequence alignments of orthologous loci from transcriptomes for any group of organisms. By streamlining search, query, and alignment, TOAST automates the generation of locus and concatenated alignments, and also presents a series of outputs from which users can not only explore missing data patterns across their alignments, but also reassemble alignments based on user-defined acceptable missing data levels for a given research question.Conclusions TOAST provides a comprehensive set of tools for assembly of sequence alignments of orthologs for comparative transcriptomic and phylogenomic studies. This software empowers easy assembly of public and novel sequences for any target database of candidate orthologs, and fills a critically needed niche for tools that enable quantification and testing of the impact of missing data. As open-source software, TOAST is fully customizable for integration into existing or novel custom informatic pipelines for phylogenomic inference.

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