scholarly journals Mineral nutrition and alimentary pools in muskoxen and caribou on the Angujaartorfiup Nunaa range in West Greenland

Rangifer ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Hans Staaland ◽  
Carsten Riis Olesen
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Distal Part ◽  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Proximal Colon ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
West Greenland ◽  
Mineral Licks ◽  
High Concentrations

<p>Minerals (Na, K, Cl, Ca, P, Mg) and crude protein concentrations as well as total contents were measured throughout the alimentary tract of muskoxen and caribou from Angujaatorfiup Nunaa range, S&oslash;ndre Str&oslash;mfjord area in West Greenland. The muskoxen had significantly higher K concentrations in the caecum and proximal colon than the caribou. Caribou collected during the summer season had the highest Mg concentrations throughout the alimentary tract. In both species water, Na, K and CI concentrations decreased through the distal part of the alimentary system whereas Ca, Mg, P and crude protein concentrations increased. The muskoxen had relatively larger mineral pools and total content in the omasum than the caribou, and the caribou relatively larger mineral pools (except K and CI) and total content in the caecum. Higher concentrations of Mg in the alimentary tract of the caribou than the muskoxen during the summer could also indicate that the caribou feed more on herbs with high concentrations of Mg. The data does also indicate that both the caribou and the muskoxen are living in an area where high intakes of minerals from both vegetation and mineral licks are possible. Based on the present study the muskoxen is apparently a typical grazer whereas the caribou is more like a concentrate selector.</p>

Petroleum geological activities onshore West Greenland in 1996, and drilling of a deep exploration well

1997 ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flemming G. Christiansen ◽  
Anders Boesen ◽  
Finn Dalhoff ◽  
Asger K. Pedersen ◽  
Gunver K. Pedersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Summer ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Press Releases ◽  
West Greenland ◽  
Potential Reservoir ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Deep Exploration ◽  
Exploration Well ◽  
Shed Light

NOTE: This article was published in a former series of GEUS Bulletin. Please use the original series name when citing this article, for example: Christiansen, F. G., Boesen, A., Dalhoff, F., Pedersen, A. K., Pedersen, G. K., Riisager, P., & Zinck-Jørgensen, K. (1997). Petroleum geological activities onshore West Greenland in 1996, and drilling of a deep exploration well. Geology of Greenland Survey Bulletin, 176, 17-23. https://doi.org/10.34194/ggub.v176.5055 _______________ The 1996 summer season saw continued petroleum geological activities in the Disko–Nuussuaq area, onshore West Greenland. These took the form of a geological field project led by the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), and continued commercial exploration by grønArctic Energy Inc. (grønArctic). In the second year of their licence, grønArctic carried out an airborne geophysical programme early in 1996 and drilled a c. 3 km deep exploration well on Nuussuaq, GRO#3, in the late summer (Fig. 1). Although the detailed results from grønArctic’s exploration are confidential (apart from the information made available at conferences and in press releases), it is evident that knowledge of the Nuussuaq Basin has greatly increased in recent years and that the basin has considerable exploration potential of its own (see Christiansen et al., 1995b, 1996a). The activities by GEUS and the exploration by grønArctic will significantly improve the understanding of the petroleum system of the basin; available data from the 1996 activities have shed light on the types and distribution of oils, source rocks and potential reservoir units.

scholarly journals Continued geophysical and petroleum geological activities in West Greenland in 1995 and the start of onshore exploration

1996 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
F.G Christiansen ◽  
K.J Bate ◽  
G Dam ◽  
C Marcussen ◽  
T.C.R Pulvertaft
Keyword(s):  
Summer Season ◽  
Geological Survey ◽  
West Greenland

The 1995 summer season saw continued petroleum activities in West Greenland, both onshore and offshore. The activities took place both as major geological and geophysical projects led by the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS)

scholarly journals The ulcerative colitis associated gene FUT8 regulates the quantity and quality of secreted mucins

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Cantero ◽  
Carla Burballa ◽  
Yuki Ohkawa ◽  
Tomohiko Fukuda ◽  
Yoichiro Harada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
Distal Part ◽  
Proximal Colon ◽  
Mucus Layer ◽  
Intracellular Accumulation ◽  
Normal Individuals

Fucosylation of mucins, the main macrocomponents of the mucus layer that protects the digestive tract from pathogens, increases their viscoelasticity and shear stress resistance. These properties are altered in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), which is marked by a chronic inflammation of the distal part of the colon. Here we show that the levels of Fucosyltransferase 8 (FUT8) and specific mucins are increased in the distal inflamed colon of UC patients compared to normal individuals. Overexpressing FUT8, as observed in UC, in mucin-producing HT29-18N2 colonic cell line increases trafficking of MUC1 to plasma membrane and secretion of MUC2/MUC5AC. FUT8 depletion (FUT8 KD), instead, causes intracellular accumulation of MUC1 and alters the ratio of secreted MUC2 to MUC5AC. Mucins secreted by FUT8 overexpressing cells are more resistant to shear stress compared to mucins secreted by FUT8 KD cells. These data fit well with the Fut8-/- mice phenotype, which are protected against UC. Fut8-/- mice exhibit a thinner proximal colon mucus layer with an altered ratio of neutral to acidic mucins compared to Fut8+/+ mice. Together, these data reveal that FUT8 optimizes the viscoelastic properties of the extracellular mucous by controlling the quantities of mucins secreted.

scholarly journals Seasonal Surface-Velocity Variations on a Sub-Polar Glacier in West Greenland

1985 ◽  
Vol 31 (109) ◽  
pp. 319-323
Author(s):  
Jørn-Ole Andreasen
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Water System ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Horizontal Velocity ◽  
Surface Velocity ◽  
Atmospheric Refraction ◽  
West Greenland ◽  
Ablation Area ◽  
Melt Water

AbstractEight stakes situated in the ablation and the accumulation areas of a sub-polar glacier in West Greenland were surveyed at intervals of 10 days during the summers of 1982 and 1983, The horizontal velocity in both the ablation and the accumulation areas increased distinctly during the short summer season. This indicates that melt water reaches the bed and that the glacier is sliding. It is proposed that melt water produced in the ablation area is forced up-glacier through a subglacial water system. The vertical displacement of stakes showed variations indicating an apparent uplift of the glacier during the summer. However, this is interpreted as the result of seasonal variation in atmospheric refraction.

scholarly journals Effects of Ectomycorrhizal Fungi and Heavy Metals (Pb, Zn, and Cd) on Growth and Mineral Nutrition of Pinus halepensis Seedlings in North Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2033
Author(s):  
Chadlia Hachani ◽  
Mohammed S. Lamhamedi ◽  
Claudio Cameselle ◽  
Susana Gouveia ◽  
Abdenbi Zine El Abidine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Pinus Halepensis ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
Contaminated Sites ◽  
High Concentrations

The pollution of soils by heavy metals resulting from mining activities is one of the major environmental problems in North Africa. Mycorrhizoremediation using mycorrhizal fungi and adapted plant species is emerging as one of the most innovative methods to remediate heavy metal pollution. This study aims to assess the growth and the nutritional status of ectomycorrhizal Pinus halepensis seedlings subjected to high concentrations of Pb, Zn, and Cd for possible integration in the restoration of heavy metals contaminated sites. Ectomycorrhizal and non-ectomycorrhizal P. halepensis seedlings were grown in uncontaminated (control) and contaminated soils for 12 months. Growth, mineral nutrition, and heavy metal content were assessed. Results showed that ectomycorrhizae significantly improved shoot and roots dry masses of P. halepensis seedlings, as well as nitrogen shoot content. The absorption of Pb, Zn, and Cd was much higher in the roots than in the shoots, and significantly more pronounced in ectomycorrhizal seedlings—especially for Zn and Cd. The presence of ectomycorrhizae significantly reduced the translocation factor of Zn and Cd and bioaccumulation factor of Pb and Cd, which enhanced the phytostabilizing potential of P. halepensis seedlings. These results support the use of ectomycorrhizal P. halepensis in the remediation of heavy metal contaminated sites.

scholarly journals Diurnal variations in the concentrations of volatile fatty acids in the alimentary tracts of wild rabbits

1972 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan J. Henning ◽  
F. J. R. Hird
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Distal Colon ◽  
Proximal Colon ◽  
Diurnal Variations ◽  
Gut Contents ◽  
Excretion Pattern ◽  
Colon And Rectum ◽  
High Concentrations

1. Wild rabbits were caught during both phases of the excretory cycle and their gut contents were analysed for volatile fatty acids (VFA).2. All rabbits were found to have high concentrations of VFA in the caecum and in the proximal colon. Acetic was the most abundant acid followed by n-butyric, then propionic.3. VFA concentrations in the caecum and in the proximal colon of rabbits caught during the day and during the night were similar. Hard pellets from the distal colon and rectum of rabbits caught during the night had considerably less VFA than did the soft pellets from rabbits caught during the day.4. Owing to the ingestion of soft faeces, the VFA content of stomach material was greater in rabbits caught during the day than in those caught at night.5. The results are discussed in terms of the mechanism of the diurnal excretion pattern and the role of coprophagy in the rabbit.

scholarly journals Membranes and bile formation. Composition of several mammalian biles and their membrane-damaging properties

1979 ◽  
Vol 178 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Coleman ◽  
S Iqbal ◽  
P P Godfrey ◽  
D Billington
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Hepatic Cell ◽  
Membrane Composition ◽  
Bile Formation ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
High Concentrations

The total content and profile of bile salts and phospholipids are reported for several mammalian biles. Rabbit and guinea-pig biles are characterized by high proportions of conjugated dihydroxy bile salts with respect to trihydroxy bile salts, but contain relatively little phospholipid. Both rabbit and guinea-pig biles exhibit little evidence of hepatic cell damage, even though they are able to cause membrane damage (as evidenced by lysis of human erythrocytes) at low (2–3 mM) concentrations of bile salts; this lytic behaviour is also a property of their predominant bile salts. Addition of phosphatidylcholine to the bile or bile salt is able to decrease the lytic behaviour. Perhaps the most significant observation is that these biles, and their predominant bile salts, are dramatically less lytic towards sheep erythrocytes, indicating that some factor(s) in membrane composition and structure may partly explain the resistance of membranes of the biliary tract to the presence of high concentrations of potentially membrane-damaging bile salts.

Mineral nutrition and die-back in Terminalia ivorensis A. Chev. in Ghana

1997 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor K. Agyeman ◽  
E. Y. Safo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Foliar Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Chemical Factors ◽  
Calcium And Magnesium ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Soil Groups

ABSTRACTThis investigation examined the hypothesis that nutrient deficiency is related to the die-back of Terminalia ivorensis. The study was conducted on three major soil groups in natural forest and T. ivorensis plantations. Five soil chemical factors, Total nitrogen, organic carbon, effective CEC, exchangeable calcium and magnesium, were positively related to die-back. Foliar nitrogen concentrations in trees suffering from die-back were almost 50% of those of healthy trees. The concentrations of magnesium in the leaves of T. ivorensis experiencing die-back were also low. Conversely, high concentrations of foliar calcium were associated with trees under stress. A highly significant relationship was observed between die-back ranks and leaf size.

scholarly journals BIOAVAILABLE AND TOTAL COPPER AND LEAD IN TERRIGENOUS SEDIMENTS IN THE INNER CONTINENTAL SHELF OFF VERACRUZ, SOUTHERN GULF OF MEXICO

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Horta-Puga ◽  
Rafael Andrés Cabral-Tena ◽  
Alejandro Córdova ◽  
Jhoan Gutiérrez-Martínez ◽  
Francisco López-Galindo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Continental Shelf ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Terrigenous Sediments ◽  
Fine Sediments ◽  
Southern Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Inner Continental Shelf

The inner continental shelf adjacent to the city and port of Veracruz (ICSV) in the southern Gulf of Mexico, which is influenced by the Jamapa River, has been considered to be polluted. Moderate to high Cu and Pb concentrations have previously been reported in the shelf’s terrigenous sediments. These elements are derived from deposition of materials from mainland sources via river transport and may threaten marine life in the coastal area. Because Cu and Pb bioavailability has not been previously assessed in the region, the aim of this study was to determine (i) bioavailability and total concentrations of these elements in the terrigenous sediments of the ICSV, (ii) if concentrations of these elements in sediments are associated with distances from primary sources, and (iii) if concentrations differ during dry and rainy seasons. Bioavailable general average concentrations were 0.21 µg/g for Cu, and 0.24 µg/g for Pb, which accounted for 4.4-4.9 % of the total content. The bioavailable concentrations were higher during the rainy season, and in the fluvial plume of the Jamapa River. The total content of Cu and Pb was significantly associated with fine sediments and exhibited high concentrations in the new port facilities area. Hence, it is concluded that the Jamapa River is a primary source of trace metals to the ICSV. Finally, as concentrations of trace metals are lower than previous records for sediments in the southern Gulf of Mexico and lower than background levels and maximum permissible limits, the ICSV is presently not contaminated by Cu or Pb.

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