scholarly journals The many roles of C1q

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Noble ◽  
Christoph Pröschel
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Complement System ◽  
Complement Cascade ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Complement System

The ability of a well-known component of the complement cascade to bind to a variety of receptors has implications for signaling biology, spinal cord injury and, possibly, the evolution of the complement system.

Medusa's Head: The Complement System in Traumatic Brain and Spinal Cord Injury

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Roselli ◽  
Ebru Karasu ◽  
Clara Volpe ◽  
Markus Huber-Lang
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Complement System ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
The Complement System ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord

Brain-Computer Interfaces for Control of Upper Extremity Neuroprostheses in Individuals with High Spinal Cord Injury

2018 ◽  
pp. 809-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rüdiger Rupp ◽  
Martin Rohm ◽  
Matthias Schneiders
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Brain Computer Interfaces ◽  
Computer Interfaces ◽  
Extremity Function ◽  
Valuable Adjunct ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Upper Extremity Function ◽  
The Many

For individuals with tetraplegia, restoring limited or missing grasping function is the highest priority. In patients with high Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) and a lack of surgical options, restricted upper extremity function can be improved with the use of neuroprostheses based on Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES). Grasp neuroprostheses with different degrees of complexity and invasiveness exist, although few models are available for routine clinical application. Hybrid systems combining FES with orthoses hold promise for restoring completely lost upper extremity function. Novel user interfaces integrating biosignals from several sources are needed to make full use of the many degrees of freedom of hybrid neuroprostheses. Motor Imagery (MI)-based Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) are an emerging technology that may serve as a valuable adjunct to traditional control interfaces. This chapter provides an overview of the current state of the art of BCI-controlled upper-extremity neuroprostheses and describes the challenges and promises for the future.

Brain-Computer Interfaces for Control of Upper Extremity Neuroprostheses in Individuals with High Spinal Cord Injury

2014 ◽  
pp. 237-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rüdiger Rupp ◽  
Martin Rohm ◽  
Matthias Schneiders
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Brain Computer Interfaces ◽  
Computer Interfaces ◽  
Extremity Function ◽  
Valuable Adjunct ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Upper Extremity Function ◽  
The Many

For individuals with tetraplegia, restoring limited or missing grasping function is the highest priority. In patients with high Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) and a lack of surgical options, restricted upper extremity function can be improved with the use of neuroprostheses based on Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES). Grasp neuroprostheses with different degrees of complexity and invasiveness exist, although few models are available for routine clinical application. Hybrid systems combining FES with orthoses hold promise for restoring completely lost upper extremity function. Novel user interfaces integrating biosignals from several sources are needed to make full use of the many degrees of freedom of hybrid neuroprostheses. Motor Imagery (MI)-based Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) are an emerging technology that may serve as a valuable adjunct to traditional control interfaces. This chapter provides an overview of the current state of the art of BCI-controlled upper-extremity neuroprostheses and describes the challenges and promises for the future.

scholarly journals Targeting axon guidance cues for neural circuit repair after spinal cord injury

2020 ◽  
pp. 0271678X2096185
Author(s):  
Yimin Zou
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Axon Guidance ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Neural Circuit ◽  
Functional Restoration ◽  
Spinal Cord Tissue ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
The Many

At least two-thirds of spinal cord injury cases are anatomically incomplete, without complete spinal cord transection, although the initial injuries cause complete loss of sensory and motor functions. The malleability of neural circuits and networks allows varied extend of functional restoration in some individuals after successful rehabilitative training. However, in most cases, the efficiency and extent are both limited and uncertain, largely due to the many obstacles of repair. The restoration of function after anatomically incomplete injury is in part made possible by the growth of new axons or new axon branches through the spared spinal cord tissue and the new synaptic connections they make, either along the areas they grow through or in the areas they terminate. This review will discuss new progress on the understanding of the role of axon guidance molecules, particularly the Wnt family proteins, in spinal cord injury and how the knowledge and tools of axon guidance can be applied to increase the potential of recovery. These strategies, combined with others, such as neuroprotection and rehabilitation, may bring new promises. The recovery strategies for anatomically incomplete spinal cord injuries are relevant and may be applicable to traumatic brain injury and stroke.

scholarly journals Perspectives in the Cell-Based Therapies of Various Aspects of the Spinal Cord Injury-Associated Pathologies: Lessons from the Animal Models

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2995
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Zawadzka ◽  
Anna Kwaśniewska ◽  
Krzysztof Miazga ◽  
Urszula Sławińska
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Injured Spinal Cord ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
The Many ◽  
Promising Perspective ◽  
Experimental Strategies

Traumatic injury of the spinal cord (SCI) is a devastating neurological condition often leading to severe dysfunctions, therefore an improvement in clinical treatment for SCI patients is urgently needed. The potential benefits of transplantation of various cell types into the injured spinal cord have been intensively investigated in preclinical SCI models and clinical trials. Despite the many challenges that are still ahead, cell transplantation alone or in combination with other factors, such as artificial matrices, seems to be the most promising perspective. Here, we reviewed recent advances in cell-based experimental strategies supporting or restoring the function of the injured spinal cord with a particular focus on the regenerative mechanisms that could define their clinical translation.

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