Metatarsus Adductus Angle in Male and Female Feet

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 364-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Domínguez ◽  
Pedro V. Munuera
Keyword(s):  
Normal Values ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
The Other ◽  
Radiographic Images ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Metatarsus Adductus ◽  
Comparison Of The Results

Background: The literature contains several techniques for calculating metatarsal adductus angle. Most common systems use the fourth metatarsal cuboid joint and the fifth metatarsal cuboid joint. Although both systems are quite different, normal values of metatarsus adductus angle have not been established with each system of measurement. Methods: Two hundred six radiographic images of feet in dorsoplantar projection were used to measure the metatarsus adductus angle using two different reference points: the joint between the fourth metatarsal and the cuboid and the joint between the fifth metatarsal and the cuboid. Results: Comparison of the results of the two measurement techniques showed significant differences (P < .05). The values of the metatarsus adductus angle also showed significant differences in men versus women (P < .05). The reliability of the measurements was checked by using an intra- and inter-evaluator test performed by two evaluators. Conclusion: Data showed the reliability of both systems of measurement, although significant differences in the metatarsal adductus angle mean value were found using these systems of measurement in the same foot. On the other hand, significant differences were found in mean values of metatarsus adductus angle between male and female feet. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 98(5): 364–369, 2008)

Comparison of Five Radioimmunoassays and Enzyme Bioassay for Measurement of Digoxin in Blood

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 857-859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Archie A MacKinney ◽  
George H Burnett ◽  
Robert L Conklin ◽  
Gertrude W Wasson
Keyword(s):  
Normal Values ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Other ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Dependent Atpase ◽  
Commercial Sources ◽  
Digoxin Radioimmunoassay

Abstract Digoxin-containing sera from 86 patients were analyzed for this drug by bioassay and radioimmunoassay. Each serum was analyzed in duplicate by six procedures: inhibition of Na+-K+-dependent ATPase and five "kit" radioimmunoassays from four different commercial sources. Mean values for two of the radioimmunoassays differed significantly from those for the bioassay. One radioimmunoassay mean value was significantly different from the other five mean values. We conclude that normal values for digoxin radioimmunoassay should be determined for each kit, and should not be adopted from published data.

Umbilical Morphology: Normal Values for Neonatal Periumbilical Skin Length

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-49
Author(s):  
Aengus S. O'Marcaigh ◽  
Lora B. Folz ◽  
Virginia V. Michels
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
The Other ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Rieger Syndrome ◽  
Neonatal Diagnosis ◽  
Robinow Syndrome ◽  
Aarskog Syndrome

Malformations of the umbilicus are a feature of many dysmorphic syndromes including Rieger syndrome, Robinow syndrome, and Aarskog syndrome. The characteristic umbilical malformation in Rieger syndrome consists of redundant periumbilical skin which extends along the cord for an excessive distance. Although the measurement of umbilical skin length plays an important role in the neonatal diagnosis of Rieger syndrome, normal values for this measurement in healthy neonates have not been established. Umbilical skin length was measured in 104 healthy neonates. The length to which the umbilical skin extended along the cranial aspect of cord (mean 11.53 mm, SD 3.58) was significantly longer than the umbilical skin length along the caudal aspect (mean 8.71 mm, SD 2.89) (P < .05). Multiple regression analysis revealed a significant association between age and umbilical skin length. Birth weight, length, and gestational age were not significantly associated with umbilical skin length when adjusted for the other three variables. No significant differences in umbilical skin length were observed between male and female groups. The above normal values should aid in the neonatal diagnosis of Rieger syndrome, and furthermore it is recommended that cranial umbilical skin length measurement be included in the examination of the dysmorphic child.

scholarly journals Comparison of White and Chinese perception of esthetic Chinese lip position

2013 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Theng Chong ◽  
Kim Wei Thea ◽  
Joseph Descallar ◽  
Yong Chen ◽  
Oyku Dalci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Class I ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Chinese Adult ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Additional Image

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the esthetic preference of White and Chinese judges with regard to Chinese lip position. Materials and Methods: The profile images of a dental and skeletal Class I Chinese adult male and female were digitally adjusted to Chinese mean values. The lip profile was adjusted with the upper and lower lip at the mean distance from the Ricketts' E-line. These images were used as baseline images and were further digitally manipulated to generate six additional images with the upper and lower lip such that they lay 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 standard deviations (SDs) in front of or behind the E-line. An additional image was modified based on a White mean value. The images were viewed and ranked by 251 White and Chinese judges (dentists and laypersons) in Australia and China. Results: Significantly more Chinese judges ranked the retrusive profiles higher than the White judges. The White judges also ranked the profile image adjusted to −0.5 SD as the most esthetic for both the female and male, while the Chinese judges ranked the −1.0 SD profile as the most esthetic. Conclusions: The ethnicity of the judges is a significant factor influencing the perception of esthetic lip position. The Chinese judges prefer a more retrusive profile and are more likely to rate a protrusive profile as unacceptable, compared with the White judges.

Metatarsus adductus and selected radiographic measurements of the first ray in normal feet

1992 ◽  
Vol 82 (12) ◽  
pp. 616-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
TA Griffiths ◽  
SJ Palladino
Keyword(s):  
Normal Values ◽  
Valgus Deformity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Radiographic Evaluation ◽  
Intermetatarsal Angle ◽  
Radiographic Measurements ◽  
First Ray ◽  
Metatarsus Adductus ◽  
Document Relationships

Radiographic evaluation of hallux abducto valgus frequently involves the measurement of the metatarsus adductus angle, first-second intermetatarsal angle, hallux abductus angle, and proximal articular set angle. While the concept that there is a relationship between untreated metatarsus adductus and hallux abducto valgus deformity is not new, a quantifiable relationship between the metatarsus adductus angle and intermetatarsal angle, hallux abductus angle, and the proximal articular set angle in normal feet is relatively undocumented. The purpose of this study is to document relationships between the metatarsus adductus angle and the other three measurements, and to establish normal values for the intermetatarsal angle, hallux abductus angle, and proximal articular set angle within metatarsus adductus angle subgroups.

scholarly journals XYLAZINE-KETAMINE ANAESTHESIA; COMPARATIVE STUDIES IN MALE AND FEMALE CANE RATS (THRYONOMYS SWINDERIANUS)

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Olatunji-akioye A ◽  
Ojiaka H N ◽  
Samuel E. S
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Atropine Sulphate ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Ketamine Anaesthesia ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Domestication of the Cane rats is on-going globally and might replace the conventional rodents used in biomedical research in future. However, the paucity of information on adequate anaesthesia vis-a-vis xylazine-ketamine drug combination in the male and female Cane rats warranted this study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Six adult Cane rats {1.8±0.7 kg body weights (bwt.)} assigned into group A (Female) and group B (Male) of three rats each was used for the study. Each animal was premedicated with atropine sulphate (0.05 mg/kg bwt), and later administered xylazine (10 mg/kg bwt) and ketamine (100 mg/kg bwt) intramuscularly. Meanwhile, anaesthetic characteristics and physiologic indices of anaesthesia were monitored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results obtained showed that the physiologic indices; open eyelids, smooth induction and recovery, skeletal muscle relaxation and somatic analgesia were observed in all the animals, however, the anaesthetic indices; time to induction, time to standing, duration of analgesia and duration of recumbency showed marked sex variations. The mean values for the duration of analgesia and recumbency were significantly elevated (P&lt;0.05) in group B as compared with group A. Similar trend was seen for time to standing, but, it was non-significant (P&gt;005). However, time to induction mean value for group A was non-significantly increased (P&gt;005) when compared with group B. The heart rate, respiratory rate and rectal temperature mean values decreased in both groups non-significantly (P&gt;0.05).<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Conclusively, the xylazine-ketamine combination produced anaesthesia in Cane rat and the combination is more tolerated in the male Cane rats than the female Cane rats.</p>

scholarly journals Study of Factors Influencing the Risk and their Relation to Credibility Theory

1977 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 84-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Amélia Cabral ◽  
Jorge Afonso Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares Method ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Other ◽  
Credibility Theory ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The One ◽  
Different Characteristics

The study and analysis of the various factors influencing insurance risks constitutes an intricate and usually quite extensive problem. We have to consider on the one hand the nature and heterogeneity of the elements we have been able to measure, and on the other the problem of deciding—without knowing exactly what results to expect—on the types of analysis to carry out and the form in which to present the results.These difficulties, essentially stemming from the fact that we cannot easily define “a priori” a measure of influence, can be overcome only by using highly sophisticated mathematical models. The researcher must define his objectives clearly if he is to avoid spending too much of his time in exploring such models.Either for these reasons or for lack of our experience in this field we were led to the study of three models, presenting entirely different characteristics though based on the analysis and behaviour of mean value fluctuations, measured by their variances or by the least-squares method.Our first model, described in II. 1, associates the notion of influence with the notion of variance. It analyses in detail the alteration of the mean values variance, when what we refer to as a “margination” is executed in the parameter space, taking each of the parameters in turn. We start off by having n distinct parameters, reducing them by one with each step.

scholarly journals Psychosocial profile of children with pediatric malignancy and their families

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E A Zaky ◽  
D M A Elnasharty ◽  
R M Elhossiny
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Psychosocial Aspects ◽  
The Other ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Children With Cancer ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Abstract Background The diagnosis and treatment of cancer are a stressful and threatening experience, which has tremendous impact on children and their families. As advances in cancer care have led to more treatment options and longer survival for cancer patients, a focus on quality of life for patients and their families has gained. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychosocial aspects of children with different types of pediatric cancer (newly diagnosed as well as survivors), their parents, and sibs in comparison with those with normal children. Patients and Methods This study comprised 60 children, their sibs and caregivers. They were classified into three groups. Group I which comprised 20 newly diagnosed children with cancer, their caregivers and sibs, group II which comprised 20 cancer survivors children, their caregivers and sibs, group III which comprised 20 clinically healthy children, their caregivers and sibs. All children and their sibs in this study were subjected to full history taking, thorough clinical examination, assessment of socioeconomic standard, assessment of pediatric quality of life, a battery of psychometric tests included pediatric checklist, anxiety, depression, and self- esteem scores. All caregivers were subjected to record of demographic variable, assessment of socio-economic level, assessment of anxiety, depression, and isolation score, assessment of stress and burden related to the disease itself, if any, using standardized questionnaire and assessment of quality of life. Results Mean value of DS was significantly higher (P &lt; 0.05) in newly diagnosed cancer children and survivors compared to controls while AS and PCLS was only significantly higher (P &lt; 0.05) in newly diagnosed cancer children compared to controls. On the other hand, mean value of IQ of newly diagnosed cancer children and survivors was significantly than controls(P &lt; 0.05); Mean values of Child as well as the Parental Total HRQL were significantly lower in newly diagnosed and survivors compared to controls (P &lt; 0.05) with the former significantly lower than the later. In studied sib groups, AS was significantly higher in newly diagnosed compared to survivors and controls (P &lt; 0.05), while PCLS was only significantly higher when newly diagnosed compared to survivors. In studied parental groups, mean values of DS, AS, and SS were significantly higher(P,0.05) in newly diagnosed compared to survivors and controls. Meanwhile, IS was significantly higher in newly diagnosed compared to controls. Newly diagnosed children with cancer, their parents and sibs had significantly lower mean values of all Child HRQL subcategories. On the other hand, survivors showed only significantly lower physical and social subcategories compared to controls. In studied sib groups only sibs of newly diagnosed patients and those of survivors, had significantly lower mean value of social subcategory compared to controls. Conclusion The current study showed that newly diagnosed cancer children had severe impact on their psychosocial aspects as well as their HRQL compared to controls while survivors showed a much lesser effects. On the other hand, sibs were mainly affected socially while parents were extremely affected.

scholarly journals Assessment of Validity of Pont’s Index and Establishment of Regression Equation to Predict Arch Width in Nepalese Sample

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Jyoti Dhakal ◽  
Rabindra Man Shrestha ◽  
Ujjwal Pyakurel
Keyword(s):  
Mean Value ◽  
Regression Equation ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Arch Width ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Index Ratio ◽  
Coefficient Of Regression ◽  
Male Subjects

Objective: To evaluate the validity of Pont’s index in Nepalese population and establish the regression equation to predictprobable arch width from sum of the maxillary incisors.Materials & Method: The sample comprised of 50 female and 50 male subjects of the age ranging 17-24 years. Sum of themesio-distal widths of the maxillary incisors were measured. Descriptive statistics, Coefficient of regression, and regressionequation were calculated to predict the arch width in premolar and molar regions. Independent t-test was performed to findthe difference between mean values of male and female subjects. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 17.0.Result: Mean value of Pont’s index ratio was 0.80 and 0.63 for premolar and molar respectively for Nepalese sample. Statisticalanalysis showed no significant difference between male and female in Pont’s premolar and molar index. The correlation ofcoefficient for Sum of Incisors/Premolar width and Sum of Incisors/Molar width were 0.39 and 0.46 respectively.Conclusion: Pont’s analysis can be applied in Nepalese samples. There is no significant difference in values between male andfemale samples.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ojn.v4i1.11305 Orthodontic Journal of Nepal Vol.4(1) 2014; 12-16 

scholarly journals Tendencias del desarrollo regional en el nuevo entorno económico de México. Un análisis por entidades federativas, 1990-2000 / Trends in Regional Development in the Mexico’s New Economic Environment. A State-by-state Analysis, 1990-2000

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
Víctor Manuel Maldonado Montoya
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Environment ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
State Analysis

En este trabajo se indaga si la apertura de la economía mexicana ha producido convergencia del desarrollo regional. Se utilizan las entidades federativas como unidad de observación y se establece su grado de desarrollo considerando los valores medios y la distribución de escolaridad, salud e ingreso per cápita.Un hallazgo del trabajo es que cuanto más alto es el valor medio de las variables, más igualitariamente tienden a distribuirse. El otro hallazgo es que no se observa convergencia. El trabajo concluye con una breve discusión de los factores que pueden influir en las perspectivas de la convergencia. AbstractThis article analyzes whether the liberalization of the Mexican economy has produced a convergence of regional development. The states are used as units of observation and their degree of development is determined on the basis of the mean values and distribution of schooling, health and per capita income.One of the study’s findings is that the higher the mean value of the variables, the more equally they tend to be distributed. The other finding is that no convergence is observed. The study concludes with a brief discussion of the factors that may influence the perspectives of convergence.

Comparison Of 125-I Fibrinogen Kinetics And Fibrinopeptide A In Patients With Disseminated Neoplasias

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Mombelli ◽  
A Roux ◽  
A Haeberli ◽  
P W Straub
Keyword(s):  
Half Life ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Heparin Therapy ◽  
Thromboembolic Disease ◽  
The Other ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Fibrinopeptide A ◽  
Slew Rate ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Catabolic Rate

To answer the question of whether and to what extent an elevated fibrinopeptide A (FPA) or an accelerated fibrinogen turnover reflect circulating thrombin action, the effect of heparin on FPA and on 125-I fibrinogen kinetics was studied in 15 patients with disseminated neoplasias. The plasma FPA levels were grossly elevated (4.6-20, mean 12.5 ng/ml) in 6 patients with evidence of thromboembolic disease or DIC, and moderately to grossly elevated (0.4-10.4, mean 4.8 ng/ml) in most of the other patients. The FPA fall found in 10/10 patients after heparin bolus suggested that plasma FPA were reflecting thrombin action on fibrinogen. However, in several cases the slew rate of FPA decrease was consistent with localized or extravascular, rather than with circulating thrombin action.Although continuous heparin therapy normalized the FPA levels in 5 of the 6 treated patients, the acceleration of fibrinogen turnover was as important as in untreated patients (mean values in heparin treated and untreated patients: half-life t1/2: 2.85 vs 2.23 d, catabolic rate constant j3: 0.40 vs 0.48 d-1, turnover: 67.6 vs 70.2 mg/kg/d, respectively, with normal values of t1/2: 3.78-4.57 d, j3: 0.22-0.33 d-1, turnover 16.6-26.6 mg/kg/d). The comparison between data of the FPA-RIA and fibrinogen kinetics suggests that mechanisms other than thrombin-mediated fibrin formation substantially contributed to increase the fibrinogen turnover. It is concluded that the results of the FPA-RIA and of the 125-I fibrinogen kinetics have to be interpreted with caution in the diagnosis of low-grade or compensated intravascular coagulation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document