scholarly journals DIFFUSION AND PRECIPITATION OF CARBON AND NITROGEN FROM SOLID SOLUTION IN IRON AND STEEL

1955 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
KE TING-SUI ◽  
YUNG PAO-TSUI ◽  
WANG YEH-NING
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen

scholarly journals Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi Sanayi Alanı Topraklarında Karbon Mineralizasyonu

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 940
Author(s):  
Hüsniye Aka Sağlıker ◽  
Neslişah Mutlu
Keyword(s):  
Trace Element ◽  
Carbon Mineralization ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Industrial Zone ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Trace Element Contents ◽  
Element Contents ◽  
Nitrogen Contents

In this study; it was determined some trace element contents [Cu, Mn, Fe and Zn (mg/kg)] and carbon mineralization (28° C, 45 days) in three soil sampled depending on the distance from three different plots of Industrial Zone which has a great number of iron and steel and metal industry enterprises and one soil sample from Osmaniye Korkut Ata University campus which is located far from this Industrial Zone. CO2 respiration method was used in carbon mineralization experiments. It was determined that trace element contents of these four soils was lower than the limit values. Carbon mineralization [15.0 mg/C(CO2)/100 g DS] of the soil number 1 sampled nearly the Industial Zone was significantly lower than campus soil numbered 4 [30.0 mg/C(CO2)/100 g DS]. The similarity were also observed among the carbon mineralization rates of four soils and three soils of the Industrial Zone were found significantly lower than the campus soil. All these findings exhibited that the carbon mineralization and trace element contents of the soils did not change with distance of Industrial Zone; the soil may vary depending on the organic carbon and nitrogen contents together with pH.

Decomposition of the solid solution in austenitic steels with carbon and nitrogen

1972 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 574-577
Author(s):  
V. D. Verner ◽  
G. A. Tolmacheva ◽  
L. F. Usova ◽  
V. A. Zvereva
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Austenitic Steels ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen

The crystallography of Vogtite, an anorthic metasilicate of iron, calcium, manganese, and magnesium, from acid steel-furaace slags

1919 ◽  
Vol 18 (87) ◽  
pp. 368-372
Author(s):  
A. F. Hallimond
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
General Account ◽  
Steel Furnace ◽  
Steel Institute

The substance was met with in the course of work on steel-furnace slags, a general account of which has been communicated to the Iron and Steel Institute. These slags were for the most part melts consisting principally of the three oxides FeO, MnO, and SiO2, and yielded the silicates fayalite and rhodonite. The small amount of calcium silicate usually present is held in isomorphous solid solution ill these silicates, but when the amount of lime exceeds about eight per cent. a new silicate appears, which does not seem to belong to any of the known mineral groups.

Influence of carbon and nitrogen on solid solution decay

1992 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 2567-2579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor S. Golovin ◽  
Vladimir I. Sarrak ◽  
Svetlana O. Suvorova
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Solution Decay

Role of Manganese and Chromium on the Segregation Kinetics of Carbon and Nitrogen to the Dislocations in Ferritic Steels

2007 ◽  
Vol 539-543 ◽  
pp. 4303-4308
Author(s):  
Véronique Massardier-Jourdan ◽  
David Colas ◽  
Jacques Merlin
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Cold Rolling ◽  
Thermoelectric Power ◽  
Ferritic Steels ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Kinetics Of

The thermoelectric power (or TEP) technique was used to determine the segregation kinetics of the interstitial atoms (C or N) to the dislocations in various extra-mild steels submitted to a heavy deformation by cold-rolling when substitutional atoms (Mn or Cr) are simultaneously in solid solution. It was shown that the substitutional atoms (Mn or Cr) have almost no influence on the segregation kinetics of carbon and on the activation energy associated with the segregation of this element. In contrast, these elements tend to delay the segregation kinetics of nitrogen to the dislocations all the more so as their content in solution is high. In the mean time, the activation energy associated with the segregation of nitrogen is increased.

Metabolic signalling and the partitioning of resources in plant storage organs

1999 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
NIGEL G. HALFORD
Keyword(s):  
Dry Weight ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Young Plant ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Cultivated Potato ◽  
Metabolic Signalling ◽  
Storage Organs ◽  
Plant Storage

The most important harvested organs of crop plants, such as seeds, tubers and fruits, are often described as assimilate sinks. They play little or no part in the fixation of carbon through the production of sugars through photosynthesis, or in the uptake of nitrogen and sulphur, but import these assimilated resources to support metabolism and to store them in the form of starch, oils and proteins. Wild plants store resources in seeds and tubers to later support an emergent young plant. Cultivated crops are effectively storing resources to provide us with food and many have been bred to accumulate much more than would be required otherwise. For example, approximately 80% of a cultivated potato plant's dry weight is contained in its tubers, ten times the proportion in the tubers of its wild relatives (Inoue & Tanaka 1978). Cultivation and breeding has brought about a shift in the partitioning of carbon and nitrogen assimilate between the organs of the plant.

NiAl precipitation in Fe-12w/o Cr-5w/o Ni-4w/o Al

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 202-203
Author(s):  
L.E. Murr ◽  
J.S. Dunning ◽  
S. Shankar
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Alloy Composition ◽  
Chromium Content ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Optical Metallography ◽  
Property Evaluation ◽  
310 Stainless Steel ◽  
Microstructural Studies

Aluminum additions to conventional 18Cr-8Ni austenitic stainless steel compositions impart excellent resistance to high sulfur environments. However, problems are typically encountered with aluminum additions above about 1% due to embrittlement caused by aluminum in solid solution and the precipitation of NiAl. Consequently, little use has been made of aluminum alloy additions to stainless steels for use in sulfur or H2S environments in the chemical industry, energy conversion or generation, and mineral processing, for example.A research program at the Albany Research Center has concentrated on the development of a wrought alloy composition with as low a chromium content as possible, with the idea of developing a low-chromium substitute for 310 stainless steel (25Cr-20Ni) which is often used in high-sulfur environments. On the basis of workability and microstructural studies involving optical metallography on 100g button ingots soaked at 700°C and air-cooled, a low-alloy composition Fe-12Cr-5Ni-4Al (in wt %) was selected for scale up and property evaluation.

Solid Solution Effects and Deformation Micros trueture of Shock-Loaded Iron Manganese Alloys

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 420-421
Author(s):  
A. Christou ◽  
J. V. Foltz ◽  
N. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Shock Loading ◽  
High Strain ◽  
Local Stress ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Local Stress Concentration ◽  
Bcc Metals ◽  
Manganese Alloys ◽  
Iron Manganese ◽  
Transmission Microscope

In general, all BCC transition metals have been observed to twin under appropriate conditions. At the present time various experimental reports of solid solution effects on BCC metals have been made. Indications are that solid solution effects are important in the formation of twins. The formation of twins in metals and alloys may be explained in terms of dislocation mechanisms. It has been suggested that twins are nucleated by the achievement of local stress-concentration of the order of 15 to 45 times the applied stress. Prietner and Leslie have found that twins in BCC metals are nucleated at intersections of (110) and (112) or (112) and (112) type of planes.In this paper, observations are reported of a transmission microscope study of the iron manganese series under conditions in which twins both were and were not formed. High strain rates produced by shock loading provided the appropriate deformation conditions. The workhardening mechanisms of one alloy (Fe - 7.37 wt% Mn) were studied in detail.

Fine Microstructure of a Mechanically Alloyed Oxide Dispersion Strengthened Nickel-Base Superalloy

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 298-299
Author(s):  
Jordi Marti ◽  
Timothy E. Howson ◽  
David Kratz ◽  
John K. Tien
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Stress Rupture ◽  
Oxide Dispersion Strengthened ◽  
Solid Solution Alloy ◽  
Oxide Dispersion ◽  
Creep And Stress Rupture ◽  
Mechanically Alloyed ◽  
Fine Microstructure ◽  
Nickel Base

The previous paper briefly described the fine microstructure of a mechanically alloyed oxide dispersion strengthened nickel-base solid solution. This note examines the fine microstructure of another mechanically alloyed system. This alloy differs from the one described previously in that it is more generously endowed with coherent precipitate γ forming elements A1 and Ti and it contains a higher volume fraction of the finely dispersed Y2O3 oxide. An interesting question to answer in the comparative study of the creep and stress rupture of these two ODS systems is the role of the precipitate γ' in the mechanisms of creep and stress rupture in alloys already containing oxide dispersoids.The nominal chemical composition of this alloy is Ni - 20%Cr - 2.5%Ti - 1.5% A1 - 1.3%Y203 by weight. The system receives a three stage heat treatment-- the first designed to produce a coarse grain structure similar to the solid solution alloy but with a smaller grain aspect ratio of about ten.

The Precipitation of Si in AlCuSi Thin Films

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 34-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Copper Film ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Silicon Thin Films ◽  
Before And After

Aluminum-copper-silicon thin films have been considered as an interconnection metallurgy for integrated circuit applications. Various schemes have been proposed to incorporate small percent-ages of silicon into films that typically contain two to five percent copper. We undertook a study of the total effect of silicon on the aluminum copper film as revealed by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction and ion microprobe techniques as a function of the various deposition methods.X-ray investigations noted a change in solid solution concentration as a function of Si content before and after heat-treatment. The amount of solid solution in the Al increased with heat-treatment for films with ≥2% silicon and decreased for films <2% silicon.

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