A Comprehensive Policy Framework to Understand and Address Disparities and Discrimination in Health and Health Care: A Policy Paper From the American College of Physicians

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josh Serchen ◽  
Robert Doherty ◽  
Omar Atiq ◽  
David Hilden
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Policy Paper

OP65 Genomics: From Horizon Scanning To National Health Policy

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (S1) ◽  
pp. 23-24
Author(s):  
Paul Fennessy ◽  
Brendon Kearney ◽  
Linda Mundy ◽  
Margaret Howard
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
National Health ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Advisory Group ◽  
Genomic Sequencing ◽  
Stakeholder Consultation ◽  
Genomic Knowledge ◽  
Horizon Scanning ◽  
National Approach

Introduction:Technology advances have resulted in cheaper and quicker genomic sequencing (panels, exomes, whole genomes). Uptake into clinical practice has been rapid despite limited consideration of workforce, patient safety, consent, practice standards, guidelines and cost benefit. AUD 150M (USD 113M) has been independently allocated to genomic initiatives by Australian state and federal governments that don't reflect a national approach to genomics.Methods:Modified horizon scanning (HS) methodology identified issues around genomic sequencing to be considered by governments regarding their support, or otherwise, before appropriate implementation and diffusion into local healthcare systems. A national jurisdictional advisory group was subsequently established that undertook extensive stakeholder consultation across Australia, including written submissions, over a four-month period.Results:HS identified that genomic sequencing is diffusing rapidly through the health system and flagged issues of pressing concern, including: workforce requirements; education, training and literacy for the medical workforce and community; infrastructure; data; and ethical, legal and social implications (ELSI). HealthPACT recommended a national coordinated approach to policy development across jurisdictional boundaries to ensure appropriate adoption of genomics. Stakeholder consultation confirmed overwhelming support for greater national coordination of the application of genomic knowledge in healthcare. Five strategic priorities were developed to support appropriate integration of genomics into health care for Australians: person-centered approach; workforce; financing; services; and, data. Three principles underpin strategic priorities: i) application of genomic knowledge is ethically, legally and socially responsible and community trust is promoted; ii) access and equity are promoted for vulnerable populations; and, iii) application of genomic knowledge to health care is supported and informed by evidence and research.Conclusions:HS identified significant policy, workforce, funding and sustainability issues already facing state and territory governments that would, in time, face the federal government. The National Health Genomics Policy Framework outlines an agreed high-level national approach to policy, regulatory and investment decision-making for genomics and was approved by all Australian health Ministers in November 2017.

Koori Primary Health Care in Victoria: Developments in Service Planning

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Ian Anderson ◽  
Harriet Young ◽  
Milica Markovic ◽  
Lenore Manderson
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Torres Strait Islander ◽  
Aboriginal Health ◽  
Service Planning ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Health Strategy ◽  
Torres Strait

The Alma Ata 1978 Declaration on primary health care has conventionally been applied in developing countries, where medically trained personnel and other highly skilled health professionals and medical infrastructure are limited. Although such concepts have salience in relatively resource rich countries such as Australia, it is in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health policy that they have become pivotal. A growing national focus on the development of Aboriginal primary health care capacity followed the release of the National Aboriginal Health Strategy (NAHS) in 1989 (Anderson, 1997). This focus consolidated further, following the evaluation of the National Aboriginal Health Strategy implementation in 1994 which preceded the transfer of administrative responsibility for the Commonwealth Aboriginal health program from the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission (ATSIC) to the Commonwealth Health portfolio (DHFS, 1994). Within the strategic framework provided by federal state agreements, the development of primary health care services is a priority. In the current national policy framework domains of policy and strategy development have been identified as key developmental themes.

Health Policy and Case Management

2000 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 160-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debra D. Mark ◽  
Lieutenant Colonel
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Case Management ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Health Care Policy ◽  
Case Manager ◽  
Case Managers ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Current Health Care System

The purpose of this article is to analyze the performance of and support for case management using a policy framework in order to increase case managers’ awareness of policy making and facilitate successful planning for future policy initiatives. Feldstein’s (1996) theory of opposing legislative outcomes indicates that legislation can be viewed on a continuum, ranging from legislation that meets the needs of the public to legislation considered to be in the self-interest of the participants and legislators. The current health care system requires that case managers working for publicly funded health care organizations balance the need for stewardship of U.S. tax dollars and the health care needs of consumers. It is apparent from the literature that case managers are successfully achieving this balance. However, certain conditions should exist that allow for case manager decision-making that promotes effective and efficient utilization of health care resources. Case managers must work within the context of the health care policy environment. Realizing that it is more likely that the conflicts between stewardship and the provision of health care services will continue, case managers’ knowledge and influence regarding policy making becomes imperative in order to ensure that these conflicting goals do not become mutually exclusive.

scholarly journals Challenges Facing Home-Based Caregivers in the Management of Health Care Risk Waste

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 2700
Author(s):  
Thobile Zikhathile ◽  
Harrison Atagana
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Early Discharge ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Running Water ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Home Based Care

The quadruple burden of diseases, early discharge from hospital and hospital at home have resulted in home-based care services becoming a requirement in South Africa. These home-based care services generate a significant amount of health care risk waste that is mismanaged. More attention is given to the health care risk waste generated in hospitals and clinics than to health care risk waste generated by home-based caregivers. Therefore, this study investigates the health care risk waste management practices by home-based caregivers. The study adopted a mixed research approach, qualitative and quantitative methods, using a literature review, interviews, and questionnaires as means of data collection. Results show that there are different types of health care risk waste generated as a result of different activities performed by home-based caregivers, but that the waste was found to be managed in an unsafe manner. The majority of households receiving home-based care did not have basic sanitation facilities such as toilets, running water and waste removal services, aggravating the issue of health care risk waste mismanagement. The study recommends a new policy framework that will lead to safe management practices of generated health care risk waste to be adopted by home-based caregivers.

A New Policy Framework For Health Care Markets

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart M. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Health Care Markets

scholarly journals Patients’ healthcare, education, engagement, and empowerment rights’ framework: Patients’, caretakers’ and health care workers’ perspectives from Oromia, Ethiopia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0255390
Author(s):  
Zewdie Birhanu ◽  
Fira Abamecha ◽  
Nimona Berhanu ◽  
Tadesse Dukessa ◽  
Mesfin Beharu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Care Seeking ◽  
Clinical Services ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Patients Rights ◽  
Hospital Visits ◽  
The Right

Background Successful health care and clinical services essentially depend on patients’ realization of ones’ rights, and health workers’ and facilities’ fulfillments and protections of these rights. However, little is documented about how patients and health workers perceive patients’ rights during care-seeking practices. Methods A qualitative study was conducted in four hospitals in Ethiopia through 8 focus group discussions with patients and 14 individual interviews with diverse groups of patients, caretakers, and 14 interviews with health workers. Participants were recruited through a purposive sampling method to meet the saturation of ideas about patients’ rights. The sampled patients, caretakers, and professionals were enlisted from various departments in the hospitals. The data analysis was assisted by ATLAS.ti 7.1.4 Results The study identified three major categories of healthcare rights (clinical, socio-cultural, and organizational), incorporating supporting elements of education, engagement, and empowerment. Study participants reported detailed rights the patients would have during hospital visits which included the right to timely access to care and treatment, adequate medications) with full respect, dignity, and without any discrimination. Patients widely perceived that they had the right to tell their illness history and know their illness in the language they can understand. It was also widely agreed that patients have the right to be educated and guided to make informed choices of services, procedures, and medications. Additionally, patients reported that they had the right to be accompanied by caretakers together with the right to use facilities and resources and get instructions on how to utilize these resources, the right to be protected from exposure to infections and unsafe conditions in hospitals, right to get a diet of their preference, and right to referral for further care. Nevertheless, there was a common concern among patients and caretakers that these rights were mostly non-existent in practice which were due to barriers related to patients (fear of consequence; a sense of dependency, feeling of powerlessness, perceptions of low medical literacy), health workers (negligence, lack of awareness and recognition of patient rights, undermining patients), and facilities’ readiness and support, including lack of guiding framework. Conclusions Perceived patients’ rights in the context of hospital visits were profoundly numerous, ranging from the right to access clinical and non-clinical services that are humanely respectful, fulfilling socio-cultural contexts, and in a manner that is organizationally coordinated. Nonetheless, the rights were not largely realized and fulfilled. Engaging, educating, and empowering patients, caretakers, and health care providers supported with policy framework could help to move towards patient-centered and right-based healthcare whereby patients’ rights are protected and fulfilled in such resource-limited settings.

scholarly journals Challenges Facing Home-Based Caregivers in the Management of Health Care Risk Waste

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thobile Zikhathile ◽  
Harrison Atagana
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Early Discharge ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Running Water ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Home Based Care

The quadruple burden of diseases, early discharge from hospital and hospital at home have resulted in home-based care services becoming a requirement in South Africa. The home-based care services generate a significant amount of health care risk waste that is mismanaged. However, more attention is given to the health care risk waste generated in hospitals and clinics than to health care risk waste generated by home-based caregivers. Therefore, this study investigates the health care risk waste management practices by home-based caregivers. The study adopted a mixed research approach, qualitative and quantitative methods, using a literature review, interviews, and questionnaires as means of data collection. Results show that there are different types of health care risk waste generated as a result of different activities performed by home-based caregivers, but that the waste was found to be managed in an unsafe manner. The majority of households receiving home-based care did not have basic sanitation facilities such as toilets, running water and waste removal services, aggravating the issue of health care risk waste mismanagement. The study recommends a new policy framework that will lead to safe management practices of generated health care risk waste to be adopted by home-based caregivers.

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