XII. Instability in a Dynamic System: The Role of Money

1947 ◽  
pp. 155-166
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic System

scholarly journals Complex of global functional network as the core of consciousness

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiichi Onoda
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic System ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Attention Networks ◽  
The Core ◽  
Hierarchical Partition ◽  
Brain Fmri ◽  
The Brain

Finding the neural basis of consciousness is a challenging issue, and it is still inconclusive where the core of consciousness is distributed in the brain. The global neuronal workspace theory (GNWT) emphasizes the role of the frontoparietal regions, whereas the integrated information theory (IIT) argues that the posterior part of the brain is the core of consciousness. IIT has proposed “main complex” as the core of consciousness in a dynamic system, which is a set of elements that the information loss in a hierarchical partition approach is the largest among that of all its supersets and subsets. However, no experimental study has reported the core of consciousness using the main complex for actual brain activity. This study estimated the main complex of brain dynamics using a functional MRI. The whole-brain fMRI data of eight conditions (seven tasks and a rest state) were divided into multiple elements based on network atlases, and the main complex of the dynamic system was estimated for each condition. It is assumed that, if there is a set of elements in the complex that are common to all conditions, the set is likely to contain the core of consciousness. Executive control, salience, and dorsal/ventral attention networks were commonly included in the main complex across all conditions, implying that these networks are responsible for the core of consciousness. This finding is consistent with the GNWT, as these networks are across the prefrontal and parietal regions.

scholarly journals The Role of the Adaptive Abilities of students in the Process of Interaction with the Educational Environment

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
M. V. Grigoryeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Dynamic System ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Effective Functioning ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Adaptive Abilities

In article necessity of research and development of adaptive abilities of school leavers. Expands the content of the concept of «adaptive capacity». Give differentiated definition of adaptive capacity, human potential and adaptation abilities of the individual. Expands the role of adaptive abilities of students in their interaction with the educational environment. Adaptive capacity are characterized as quality, contributing to the effective functioning of a dynamic system of the individual interactions with the environment.

The Role of Implicit Memory in Controlling a Dynamic System

1998 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 593-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoltán Dienes ◽  
Richard Fahey
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic System ◽  
Implicit Memory ◽  
Implicit Learning ◽  
Dynamic Control ◽  
Control Performance ◽  
Successful Performance ◽  
Look Up Table ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between implicit memory and implicit learning is explored. Dienes and Fahey (1995) showed that learning to control a dynamic system was mediated by a look-up table consisting of previously successful responses to specific situations. The experiment reported in this paper showed that facilitated performance on old situations was independent of the subjects’ ability to recognize those situations as old, suggesting that memory was implicit. Further analyses of the Dienes and Fahey data replicated this independence of control performance on recognition. However, unlike the implicit memory revealed on fragment completion tasks, successful performance on the dynamic control tasks was remarkably resilient to modality shifts. The results are discussed in terms of models of implicit learning and the nature of implicit memory.

scholarly journals Deterministic Irreversibility and The Matter Structure

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Michailovich Somsikov
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic System ◽  
Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Stationary States ◽  
Equilibrium Dynamic ◽  
Base Element ◽  
External Constraints ◽  
Physical Essence ◽  
Short Explanation ◽  
Non Equilibrium

The role of existence of the deterministic irreversibility mechanism in development of evolution physics is studied. The short explanation of physical essence of this mechanism  is offered. Based on this mechanism, is proved, that the base element of matter should be an open non-equilibrium dynamic system (ONDS). The principles of the emergence, existence and development of the ONDS hierarchical structure are considered. The questions  about hierarchy of the matter and existence of stationary states ONDS are studied. The question, how external constraints determine of the evolution of ONDS, is analyzed. Equations that determine the development of ONDS are submitted.

Gestures, grunts, and words: Development in a dynamic system

2020 ◽  
pp. 014272372096682
Author(s):  
Lorraine McCune ◽  
Elizabeth M. Lennon ◽  
Anne Greenwood
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic System ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Multiple Case Study ◽  
Longitudinal Development ◽  
Communicative Development ◽  
Case Study Report ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Vocal Expressions

Pointing has long been considered influential in language acquisition. Certain pre-linguistic vocal expressions may hold even greater value in addressing the transition to language. The goal of the present study is longitudinal evaluation of early communicative development, addressing the influence of pre-linguistic gestures and vocal expressions. This multiple case study report analyzes longitudinal development in five children from 9 to 16 months of age, a critical language transition period. We include gestures of pointing and extending the hand, with interactive as well as request functions. Gestures, communicative grunts, words, and multimodal events combining gesture with vocal accompaniment comprise the data. Results demonstrate group trends and stark individual differences in children’s use of vocal and gestural modalities, and the influence of grunt communication onset on overall communicative frequency in single and combined communicative events. We imbed this analysis within the broader context of mutually interacting variables in a dynamic system. These results argue for greater attention to vocalization as well as gesture in monitoring children’s approach to language development. Based on the role of communicative grunts demonstrated here, this variable should be further studied in both typical and language-delayed children.

Sounds like a dynamic system: a unifying approach to Language

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Sowers-Wills
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic System ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Lexical Representation ◽  
Dynamic Systems Theory ◽  
Phonological Development ◽  
System A ◽  
Linguistic System ◽  
Phonological Categories ◽  
Development Of Language

Abstract While nativist linguistic theory readily captures the regular processes of adult language, it struggles to account for often-unwieldy data collected from children. Any theory of language must house both the predictable and unpredictable turns a linguistic system takes. Some usage-based theories make strides in accounting for connections between multiple linguistic factors contributing to linguistic representation. Dynamic systems theory (DST) is capable of describing the interaction between numerous factors both linguistic and extra-linguistic. Grounded in embodiment, DST accounts for continuity between bodily and cognitive processes, which together are crucial in understanding the development of language. Conceptualizing systems as self-organizing, DST allows for the emergence of novel forms alongside the predictable. Furthermore, DST explains both continuity between unexpected child forms and eventual target forms and also apparent discontinuity that gives the illusion of discrete developmental stages. To illustrate the advantages of DST in describing language processes, this paper presents data from one American English-acquiring child, which comes from a larger study investigating phonological development beginning at the onset of word production. The data demonstrate the role of phonological templates in development as part of a dynamic system, entailing the interaction between developing phonological categories, lexical representation, and linguistic environment.

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