3. Ethical Dilemmas and Decision Making: A Framework

2018 ◽  
pp. 51-108
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas

Ethical dilemmas in psychotherapy: Positive approaches to decision making.

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel J. Knapp ◽  
Michael C. Gottlieb ◽  
Mitchell M. Handelsman
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas

scholarly journals Responsible Leadership in Sport: An Ethical Dilemma

Societies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Kathleen Rodenburg ◽  
Louise Hayes ◽  
Lianne Foti ◽  
Ann Pegoraro
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Ethical Dilemma ◽  
Ethical Decision ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Responsible Leadership ◽  
Sports Organizations ◽  
Sport Industry ◽  
A Current

Sports, apart from providing entertainment, can provide an escape from everyday troubles, a community to belong to, and an opportunity to connect to the wider world. As such, sports have contributed to the unification of people, the development of peace and tolerance, and the empowerment of women and young people globally. However, sports’ widespread popularity has also contributed to “big money” opportunities for sports organizations, sporting venues, athletes, and sponsors that have created an environment riddled with ethical dilemmas that make headlines, resulting in protests and violence, and often leave society more divided. A current ethical dilemma faced by agents associated with the Olympic games serves to demonstrate the magnitude and challenges related to resolving ethical dilemmas in the sport industry. A decision-making framework is applied to this current sport’s ethical dilemma, as an example of how better ethical decision making might be achieved.

scholarly journals Ethics and Total Worker Health®: Constructs for Ethical Decision-Making and Competencies for Professional Practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10030
Author(s):  
Bonnie Rogers ◽  
Anita L. Schill
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Ethical Decision ◽  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Work Hours ◽  
Worker Safety ◽  
Worker Health ◽  
Total Worker Health

Work has become increasingly technologically driven and fast paced, with long work hours, new/emerging hazards, and rising health care costs. Threats to worker safety, health, and well-being including non-traditional work arrangements and practices, precarious work, uncertain hazardous exposures, and work organization issues, such as heavy workloads, design of work, uneven work hours, and difficult interpersonal relationships among workers and managers are apparent. Furthermore, the relationship between personal health risk factors and workplace risks and exposures has drawn increased attention and concern. As employer economic pressures continue to build, it is anticipated that ethical dilemmas for practitioners will become increasingly complex. A review of relevant Total Worker Health (TWH) literature, related ethical constructs and competencies, an examination of codes of ethics for occupational safety and health and health promotion/education disciplines was conducted. A case study for TWH utilizing an ethical decision-making model for the analysis of key ethical issues and solutions was completed. TWH approaches to protecting safety, promoting health, and advancing well-being are increasingly being adopted. These approaches can reveal ethical dilemmas, and ethical constructs are needed to guide decision-making. A core set of proposed ethical competencies for TWH professionals are identified as a transdisciplinary framework to support workplace ethical culture.

scholarly journals Discretion, the better part of valour? Empowering traffic officials to make discretionary decisions

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rika Snyman
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Social Constructivism ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Case Study Design ◽  
Traffic Police

This article explores discretionary decision-making in a specific traffic police unit. This study was undertaken from a social constructivism perspective, using a single holistic case study design. The research involved presenting scenarios to traffic officials at different stages, first at the end of their training, and then again six months after they started work, to determine how they would deal with situations that required them to use their discretion. The study sought to understand the extent to which exposing newly recruited traffic officials to the realities of traffic road policing influenced their notions of discretionary decision-making. The findings suggest that there are gaps in the training of these traffic officers and it proposes that the existing pedagogical style of training be replaced with an andragogical one, focusing on judgment drills in ethical dilemmas.

Ethical Dilemmas and Decision Making in Accounting

2014 ◽  
pp. 241-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arzu Ozsozgun Caliskan ◽  
Halil Emre Akbas ◽  
Emel Esen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas

‘This Happens All the Time’: Organizations, Rationalization and Ethical Dilemmas in Engineering

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 985-1003
Author(s):  
Tracey L Adams
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Ethical Standards ◽  
Professional Misconduct ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Impact

Given their positions of public trust, regulated professions are legally required to uphold ethical standards, and ensure that professional practice protects the public. Nonetheless, there is ample evidence that professionals do not always behave ethically. One proposed solution is greater organizational surveillance; however, research from a neo-Weberian perspective encourages scepticism about such arguments. Organizations may not only fail to stop professionals from violating ethical codes, but rationalizing organizations might actively encourage such violations in the name of efficiency. This article explores the impact of organizations and rationalization on professional misconduct through a mixed-methods study of professional engineers in Ontario, Canada. Findings suggest engineers are impacted by rationalization, and that those with less decision-making authority experience pressures discouraging practice in the public interest.

Innovation in Surgery: Qualitative Analysis of the Decision-Making Process and Ethical Concerns

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 586-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alban Zarzavadjian Le Bian ◽  
David Fuks ◽  
Renato Costi ◽  
Manuela Cesaretti ◽  
Audrey Bruderer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Surgical Innovation ◽  
Ethical Conflicts ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
The Ideal

Background. Surgical innovation from surgeon’s standpoint has never been scrutinized as it may lead to understand and improve surgical innovation, potentially to refine the IDEAL (Idea, Development, Exploration, Assessment, Long-term Follow-up) recommendations. Methods. A qualitative analysis was designed. A purposive expert sampling was then performed in organ transplant as it was chosen as the ideal model of surgical innovation. Interviews were designed, and main themes included the following: definition of surgical innovation, the decision-making process of surgical innovation, and ethical dilemmas. A semistructured design was designed to analyze the decision-making process, using the Forces Interaction Model. An in-depth design with open-ended questions was chosen to define surgical innovation and ethical dilemmas. Results. Interviews were performed in 2014. Participants were 7 professors of surgery: 3 in liver transplant, 2 in heart transplant, and 2 in face transplant. Saturation was reached. They demonstrated an intuitive understanding of surgical innovation. Using the Forces Interaction Model, decision leading to contemporary innovation results mainly from collegiality, when the surgeon was previously the main factor. The patient is seemingly lesser in the decision. A perfect innovative surgeon was described (with resiliency, legitimacy, and no technical restriction). Ethical conflicts were related to risk assessment and doubts regarding methodology when most participants (4/7) described ethical dilemma as being irrelevant. Conclusions. Innovation in surgery is teamwork. Therefore, it should be performed in specific specialized centers. Those centers should include Ethics and Laws department in order to integrate these concepts to innovative process. This study enables to improve the IDEAL recommendations and is a major asset in surgery.

Midwifery students’ reactions to ethical dilemmas encountered in outpatient clinics

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 1542-1555
Author(s):  
Serap Ejder Apay ◽  
Ayşe Gürol ◽  
Elif Yağmur Gür ◽  
Sarah Church
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Ethics Education ◽  
Moral Distress ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Intrauterine Device ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Written Information

Background: Midwives are required to make ethical decisions with the support of respective codes of professional ethics which provide a framework for decision making in clinical practice. While each midwife should be ethically aware and sensitive to the ever-changing issues within reproduction, few empirical studies have examined the views of student midwives in relation to reproductive ethical dilemmas. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore midwifery students’ reactions to a number of ethical dilemmas relating to women’s experiences of reproductive decision making. Design: A series of focus groups were conducted with midwifery students who were asked to discuss five culturally significant scenarios including issues of knowledge acquisition regarding methods of family planning, removal or insertion of an intrauterine device, and abortion. Setting: A University in Turkey was the setting for this study. Participants: Purposeful sampling was adopted which resulted in five focus groups with a total of 57 midwifery students. Ethical considerations: The study was reviewed and granted formal ethical approval by an ethical committee at the Faculty of Health Science in Atatürk University. The head of the Faculty of Health Science approved the investigation. The participants received both oral and written information about the study and they gave their consent. Results: Five themes were identified from the analysis of the focus group data related to all five scenarios. These themes were ‘the right to information’, ‘choice and protection’, ‘parental rights and welfare of the women’, ‘make a decision’ and ‘women rights and sexual abuse’. Conclusion: This study has shown that while students respected women’s choice, they also expressed great ambivalence in some situations when personal values conflict with dominant societal beliefs and professional ethics. A focus on ethics education to include human rights is suggested as a means to enable students to explore their own social-value judgements, and as a means to limit the possible development of ethical confusion and moral distress.

Simply Academic: Linking Reporting Environments

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin T. Stuebs
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Academic Environment ◽  
Reporting Environment

This instructional case attempts to connect the environmental incentives and ethical issues from two different reporting environments. It provides two different scenarios that allow students to identify and grapple with multiple incentives and resultant ethical dilemmas present in the academic reporting environment. A summary then requires students to link stakeholders, activities, incentives, and dilemmas in the academic environment to corresponding situations in the financial reporting environment. The purpose of the case is threefold: (1) It makes students aware of the incentives and ethical issues present in various reporting environments. (2) By explicitly linking the academic and financial reporting environments, students see the relevance of ethics in their current lives and are motivated to develop ethical habits now in order to prepare for the challenges that will occur later in their careers. (3) The case forces students to practice making decisions in situations with conflicting incentives and ambiguous or nonexistent legal guidance. Strong conflicting incentives can cloud and compromise even the purest of intentions. Dealing with these conflicts early and often can mature one's judgments and improve the decision-making process.

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