CHAPTER TEN. Post-Paris Clean Energy Options for China

Nanotechnology can help to address the existing efficiency hurdles and greatly increase the generation and storage of solar energy. A variety of physical processes have been established at the nanoscale that can improve the processing and transmission of solar energy. The application of nanotechnology in solar cells has opened the path to the development of a new generation of high-performance products. When competition for clean energy options is growing, a variety of potential approaches have been discussed in order to expand the prospects. New principles have been explored in the area of solar cell generation, multi-generation, spectrum modulation, thermo-photoelectric cells, hot carrier, the middle band, and many other techniques. Nanoparticles and nanostructures have been shown to enhance the absorption of light, increase the conversion of light to energy, and have improved thermal storage and transport.

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Clean Energy Options

Climate Change and Law Collection ◽

10.1163/9789004322714_cclc_2015-0095-002 ◽

2018 ◽

Keyword(s):

Clean Energy ◽

Energy Options

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EU energy package may fall short of expectations

Emerald Expert Briefings ◽

10.1108/oxan-db216409 ◽

2016 ◽

Keyword(s):

Environmentally Friendly ◽

Clean Energy ◽

Political Capital ◽

Member States ◽

Content Type ◽

Current State ◽

Energy Union ◽

Energy Options ◽

The Eu ◽

Energy Package

Significance This represents a continuation of its attempts to develop an energy union and promote the development of clean energy options. It aims at helping member states move away from their current state-centric systems to more consumer-focused, competitive and environmentally friendly models. Impacts If fully implemented, the package is expected to lower emissions by 43% on current levels by 2030. Depending on the United Kingdom's energy relationship with the EU after Brexit, it may be affected by the rules after its withdrawal. The United Kingdom's ability to influence the policy will be limited given its declining political capital with other member states.

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Clean energy systems as mainstream energy options

International Journal of Energy Research ◽

10.1002/er.3283 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 4-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Peter D. Lund

Keyword(s):

Energy Systems ◽

Clean Energy ◽

Energy Options

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Economic analysis of clean energy options for Kuwait

International Journal of Energy Sector Management ◽

10.1108/17506221311316461 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 29-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kevin Yessian ◽

Pat DeLaquil ◽

Bruno Merven ◽

Maurizio Gargiulo ◽

Gary Goldstein

Keyword(s):

Economic Analysis ◽

Clean Energy ◽

Energy Options

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The Energy Future

Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering ◽

10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-060817-084300 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 153-174 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

John Newman ◽

Christopher A. Bonino ◽

James A. Trainham

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Renewable Energy ◽

Carbon Capture ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Clean Energy ◽

The United States ◽

Standard Of Living ◽

Carbon Capture And Sequestration ◽

Energy Options ◽

The Cost

The foreseeable energy future will be driven by economics of known technologies and the desire to reduce CO2 emissions to the atmosphere. Renewable energy options are compared with each other and with the use of fossil fuels with carbon capture and sequestration (CCS). Economic analysis is used to determine the best of several alternatives. One can disagree on the detailed costs, including externalities such as climate change and air and water pollution. But the differences in capital and operating costs between known technologies are so significant that one can draw clear conclusions. Results show that renewable energy cannot compete with fossil fuels on a cost basis alone because energy is intrinsic to the molecule, except for hydroelectricity. However, fossil fuels are implicated in climate change. Using renewable energy exclusively, including transportation and electricity needs, could reduce the standard of living in the United States by 43% to 62%, which would correspond to the level in about 1970. If capture and sequester of CO2 are implemented, the cost of using fossil fuels will increase, but they beat renewable energy handily as an economic way to produce clean energy.

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