CHAPTER EIGHT. Can a Uniform Carbon-Price Commitment Help to Resolve the Global Warming Problem?

2018 ◽  
pp. 129-142
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Carbon Price

scholarly journals The economic costs of planting, preserving, and managing the world’s forests to mitigate climate change

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. Austin ◽  
J. S. Baker ◽  
B. L. Sohngen ◽  
C. M. Wade ◽  
A. Daigneault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Forest Management ◽  
Carbon Price ◽  
Private Land ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Mitigation Potential ◽  
Mitigation Costs ◽  
Mitigate Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Prices

AbstractForests are critical for stabilizing our climate, but costs of mitigation over space, time, and stakeholder group remain uncertain. Using the Global Timber Model, we project mitigation potential and costs for four abatement activities across 16 regions for carbon price scenarios of $5–$100/tCO2. We project 0.6–6.0 GtCO2 yr−1 in global mitigation by 2055 at costs of 2–393 billion USD yr−1, with avoided tropical deforestation comprising 30–54% of total mitigation. Higher prices incentivize larger mitigation proportions via rotation and forest management activities in temperate and boreal biomes. Forest area increases 415–875 Mha relative to the baseline by 2055 at prices $35–$100/tCO2, with intensive plantations comprising <7% of this increase. Mitigation costs borne by private land managers comprise less than one-quarter of total costs. For forests to contribute ~10% of mitigation needed to limit global warming to 1.5 °C, carbon prices will need to reach $281/tCO2 in 2055.

scholarly journals Carbon Value Analysis of Batang Gadis National Park, Mandailing Natal Regency, North Sumatera Province, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 08010
Author(s):  
Dini Novalanty Ohara Daulay ◽  
Jafron Wasiq Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
National Park ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Carbon Price ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Value Analysis ◽  
The World

Global warming is an important issue in the world which it gives a negative effect on human life. One indicator of global warming is increasing greenhouse gas i.e. carbondioxide from human activities. Deforestation and forest degradation are the second largest contributor of carbon into the atmosphere, after the use of fossil fuels by industry and transportation. As lungs of the world, forest is enable to produce renewable energy sources i.e. biomass. Forest carbon stock in above ground biomass (AGB) is the greatest effect source on deforestation and forest degradation. Therefore, it is necessary to perform a study the potential of carbon in forest. The purpose of this research is to determine carbon stock value in Batang Gadis National Park, Mandailing Natal Regency, North Sumatera Province, Indonesia. The carbon potential stored in this forest vegetation is calculated using AGB allometric equation by using data in diameter at breast height (dbh = 1.3 m), height, and density of the wood for trees. Data obtained from secondary data is Asset Assessment Report which State Controlled Forest Natural Resources Batang Gadis National Park, 2016. Study locations were Pagar Gunung and Sopo Tinjak Villages. Carbon stock values were calculated and analyzed with assumption that a half of biomass part is carbon stock which using Australian carbon price about AUD $ 11.82 Australia (Australian dollars) and EU € 5 (US $ 6). The results showed that the total biomass in Pagar Gunung and Sopo Tinjak Villages amounted to 259.83 tonnes and 160.89 tonnes. From the results of the total biomass, the total carbon stocks (C) and CO2 stocks in both villages are 210.36 tonnes (129.92 tonnes in Pagar Gunung Village and 80.45 tonnes in Sopo Tinjak Village) and 772.03 tonnes (476.79 tonnes in Pagar Gunung Village and 295.24 tonnes in Sopo Tinjak Village). By using the carbon price prevailing in the market place Australia Emission Trading System (ETS) and the EU ETS (AUD $ 11.82/t CO2e and € 5 (US $ 6)/t CO2e), the value of carbon stock that can be produced from Batang Gadis National Park (Pagar Gunung and Sopo Tinjak Villages) is about Rp. 92,499,921.72 (in AUD $) or Rp. 61,654,433.67 (in US $).

scholarly journals Sustainability in Material Purchasing: A Multi-Objective Economic Order Quantity Model under a Cap and Trade System

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daria Battini ◽  
Martina Calzavara ◽  
Ilaria Isolan ◽  
Fabio Sgarbossa ◽  
Francesco Zangaro
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Lot Sizing ◽  
Carbon Price ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Purchasing Decisions ◽  
Cap And Trade ◽  
Mitigation Policy ◽  
Trading Systems ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Carbon Prices

Sustainability in material purchasing is a growing area of research. Goods purchasing decisions strongly affect transportation path flows, vehicle consolidation, inventory levels and related obsolescence costs. Within a global sourcing context, companies experience the need of new decision making approaches capable to consider a large variety of factors, also linked with society and environment. Environmental impact assessment has become a key requirement for materials purchasing and transportation decisions since global warming is a rising concern both in academic and industrial researches. In fact, it is well known that the freight transport industry is responsible for large amounts of carbon emissions contributing to global warming. In this paper, we initially analyse and compare the environmental economic policies established by the International Governments in relation to the carbon trading systems adopted. Then, we develop a multi-objective lot sizing approach useful in practice to define the sustainable quantity to purchase when a Cap and Trade mitigation policy is present. We further analyse the model behaviour according to different carbon price values by demonstrating that carbon prices are still far too low to motivate managers towards sustainable purchasing choices.

PEMANASAN GLOBAL DAN PELAKSANAAN MEKANISME PEMBANGUNAN BERSIH SEKTOR ENERGI DI INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irhan Febijanto
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Clean Development Mechanism ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Carbon Price ◽  
Environmental Issue ◽  
Carbon Trading ◽  
Green House ◽  
Certified Emission Reduction ◽  
Interesting Discussion ◽  
Development Mechanism

At this time global warming became an environmental issue that most often discussed. At the same time, as a trigger of green house gasses business, the issue of carbon trading business became an interesting discussion, because it has an impact to improve the feasibility of the project. This paper discussed the causes of global warming, the mechanism of global warming and the efforts to reduce green house gasses using Clean Development Mechanism. In addition, carbon price fl uctuation and the procedures of carbon trading are described also. Finally, potentialClean Development Mechanism projects in energy sector and implemented Clean Development Mechanism projects in Indonesia are discussed.Key Words : Global warming, Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), CDM project, Certified Emission Reduction (CER), Carbon Trading

Modelling ecosystem adaptation and dangerous rates of global warming

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Millington ◽  
Peter M. Cox ◽  
Jonathan R. Moore ◽  
Gabriel Yvon-Durocher
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Diffusion Rate ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Genetic Evolution ◽  
Rates Of Change ◽  
Rapid Climate Change ◽  
Warming Climate ◽  
Intraspecies Competition ◽  
High Trait

Abstract We are in a period of relatively rapid climate change. This poses challenges for individual species and threatens the ecosystem services that humanity relies upon. Temperature is a key stressor. In a warming climate, individual organisms may be able to shift their thermal optima through phenotypic plasticity. However, such plasticity is unlikely to be sufficient over the coming centuries. Resilience to warming will also depend on how fast the distribution of traits that define a species can adapt through other methods, in particular through redistribution of the abundance of variants within the population and through genetic evolution. In this paper, we use a simple theoretical ‘trait diffusion’ model to explore how the resilience of a given species to climate change depends on the initial trait diversity (biodiversity), the trait diffusion rate (mutation rate), and the lifetime of the organism. We estimate theoretical dangerous rates of continuous global warming that would exceed the ability of a species to adapt through trait diffusion, and therefore lead to a collapse in the overall productivity of the species. As the rate of adaptation through intraspecies competition and genetic evolution decreases with species lifetime, we find critical rates of change that also depend fundamentally on lifetime. Dangerous rates of warming vary from 1°C per lifetime (at low trait diffusion rate) to 8°C per lifetime (at high trait diffusion rate). We conclude that rapid climate change is liable to favour short-lived organisms (e.g. microbes) rather than longer-lived organisms (e.g. trees).

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