scholarly journals Jurassic evolution and the structure of the central part of the Pieniny Klippen Belt (Carpathians) in Poland – new insight from the Czertezik Succession type area

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 21-60
Author(s):  
Andrzej Wierzbowski ◽  
Hubert Wierzbowski ◽  
Tomasz Segit ◽  
Michał Krobicki
Keyword(s):  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Early Jurassic ◽  
Depositional History ◽  
Sedimentary Environments ◽  
Type Area ◽  
Pieniny Klippen Belt ◽  
Structural Affinity

The Czertezik Succession of the Pieniny Klippen Belt in Poland is assigned herein to its type area of occurrence – the main Pieniny Range, between Zamkowa Góra and Czertezik mounts. The reworked deposits of uppermost Pliensbachian, Toarcian and possibly Aalenian to lowermost Bajocian discovered in crinoidal limestones which indicate redeposition processes, especially during the Bajocian, are considered to be clearly important for reconstructing the depositional history. The redeposited Pliensbachian is represented by clasts of spotty limestones, the Toarcian by ferruginous grains and fragments of crusts/large oncoids of the ammonitico-rosso type (?Adnet Fm.), whereas the Aalenian and lowermost Bajocian is possibly represented by clasts of siliciclastic deposits and phosphatic nodules. This part of the succession resulted from the activity of rifting phases at the end of the Early Jurassic, and in the Bajocian, which caused the development of the special sedimentary environments typical of the Czertezik Succession. The younger Middle to Late Jurassic deposits represented by nodular limestones, radiolarites and micritic well-bedded limestones show a less distinct facies pattern, which is in part similar to that of other successions of the Pieniny Klippen Belt, although some rock-units such as the newly established Zamkowa Góra Bed, revealing the continuation of redeposition processes, remain specific to the Czertezik Succession. The Jurassic structure of the central part of the Pieniny Klippen Belt in Poland is revised due to the introduction of the Czertezik Ridge as a new palaeogeographic unit being the place of deposition of the Czertezik Succession. The revised position of the deposits shifts the structural affinity of the Czertezik Succession from the Subpieniny Nappe to the base of the Pieniny Nappe sensu Uhlig, 1907, and implies its closer palaeogeographic position to the Branisko–Pieniny successions than to the Czorsztyn–Niedzica successions as has been interpreted so far.

Jurassic evolution of the Qaidam Basin in western China: Constrained by stratigraphic succession, detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology and Hf isotope analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Qian ◽  
Zongxiu Wang ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Shaofeng Liu ◽  
Wanli Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Qaidam Basin ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Lower Jurassic ◽  
Early Jurassic ◽  
Hf Isotope ◽  
Western China ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Altyn Tagh ◽  
Stratigraphic Succession

The formation and evolution of an intracontinental basin triggered via the subduction or collision of plates at continental margins can record intracontinental tectonic processes. As a typical intracontinental basin during the Jurassic, the Qaidam Basin in western China records how this extensional basin formed and evolved in response to distant subduction or collisional processes and tectonism caused by stresses transmitted from distant convergent plate margins. The Jurassic evolution of the Qaidam Basin, in terms of basin-filling architecture, sediment dispersal pattern and basin properties, remains speculative; hence, these uncertainties need to be revisited. An integrated study of the stratigraphic succession, conglomerates, U-Pb geochronology, and Hf isotopes of detrital zircons was adopted to elucidate the Jurassic evolutionary process of the Qaidam Basin. The results show that a discrete Jurassic terrestrial succession characterized by alluvial fan, braided stream, braided river delta, and lacustrine deposits developed on the western and northern margins of the Qaidam Basin. The stratigraphic succession, U-Pb age dating, and Hf isotope analysis, along with the reconstructed provenance results, suggest small-scale distribution of Lower Jurassic sediments deposited via autochthonous sedimentation on the western margin of the basin, with material mainly originating from the Altyn Tagh Range. Lower Jurassic sediments in the western segment of the northern basin were shed from the Qilian Range (especially the South Qilian) and Eastern Kunlun Range. And coeval sediments in the eastern segment of the northern basin were originated from the Quanji massif. During the Middle-Late Jurassic, the primary source areas were the Qilian Range and Eastern Kunlun Range, which fed material to the whole basin. The Jurassic sedimentary environment in the Qaidam Basin evolved from a series of small-scale, scattered, and rift-related depressions distributed on the western and northern margins during the Early Jurassic to a larger, extensive, and unified depression occupying the whole basin in the Middle Jurassic. The Altyn Tagh Range rose to a certain extent during the Early Jurassic but lacked large-scale strike-slip tectonism throughout the Jurassic. At that time, the North Qaidam tectonic belt had not yet been uplifted and did not shed material into the basin during the Jurassic. The Qaidam Basin experienced intracontinental extensional tectonism with a northeast-southwest trend throughout the Jurassic in response to far-field effects driven by the sequential northward or northeastward amalgamation of blocks to the southern margin of the Qaidam Block and successive accretion of the Qiangtang Block and Lhasa Block onto the southern Eurasian margin during the Late Triassic−Early Jurassic and Late Jurassic−Early Cretaceous, respectively.

COMPUTER MODELING OF THE SAND BODIES DEPOSITIONAL HISTORY OF THE MIDDLE JURASSIC PETROLEUM PLAY (BY THE EXAMPLE OF THE GERASIMOVSKOE FIELD, WESTERN SIBERIA)

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
M. O. Fedorovich ◽  
◽  
A. Yu. Kosmacheva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gas Condensate ◽  
Facies Modeling ◽  
Depositional History ◽  
Sedimentary Environments ◽  
History Of ◽  
Underwater Slope ◽  
Mouth Bars ◽  
Sand Bodies

The present paper describes the DIONISOS software package (Beicip-Technologies), where the reconstruction of the accumulation conditions and facies modeling of sand reservoirs Yu10, Yu9, Yu8, Yu7 and Yu6 of the Tyumenskaya Formation and carbonaceous-clay members acting as fluid seals within the Gerasimovskoye oil and gas condensate field located in the south of the Parabel district of the Tomsk region. Reconstructions of facies environments make it possible to consistently restore conditions and create a general principled model of the accumulation of sandy-argillaceous deposits of the Middle Jurassic PP in a given territory. Polyfacies deposits of the Bajocian are represented by sands of distributaries and stream-mouth bars, underwater slope of delta, above-water and underwater delta plains, argillaceous-carbonaceous sediments of floodplain lakes, bogs, marshes and lagoons, clays formed at the border of the above-water and underwater deltaic plains, silt deposits of above-water and underwater delta plains, prodelta clays. As a result of the 3D facies model construction, it is shown that the subcontinental sedimentary environments of sand reservoirs Yu10–Yu8 are replaced by deltaic and floodplain-lacustrine-boggy ones, and the formation of Yu7–Yu6 reservoirs occurs in conditions of coastal plain, periodically flooded by the sea. In total, 5 lithotypes of sand deposits have been identified, 1 – argillaceous-carbonaceous, 2 – argillaceous and 1 – silty. Computer facies 3D modeling of the sand bodies assemblage (hydrocarbon reservoirs) of the Bajocian age for the Gerasimovskoye oil and gas condensate field has been performed.

scholarly journals A review of Palaeozoic and Mesozoic tetrapods from Greenland

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 21-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Marzola ◽  
Octávio Mateus ◽  
Jesper Milàn ◽  
Lars B. Clemmensen
Keyword(s):  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Early Jurassic ◽  
Late Carboniferous ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Late Devonian ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Shallow Marine ◽  
East Greenland ◽  
Marine Deposits ◽  
Theropod Dinosaurs

This article presents a synthesis of Palaeozoic and Mesozoic fossil tetrapods from Greenland, including an updated review of the holotypes and a new photographic record of the main specimens. All fossil tetrapods found are from East Greenland, with at least 30 different known taxa: five stem tetrapods (Acanthostega gunnari, Ichthyostega eigili, I. stensioi, I. watsoni, and Ymeria denticulata) from the Late Devonian of the Aina Dal and Britta Dal Formations; four temnospondyl amphibians (Aquiloniferus kochi, Selenocara groenlandica, Stoschiosaurus nielseni, and Tupilakosaurus heilmani) from the Early Triassic of the Wordie Creek Group; two temnospondyls (Cyclotosaurus naraserluki and Gerrothorax cf. pulcherrimus), one testudinatan (cf. Proganochelys), two stagonolepids (Aetosaurus ferratus and Paratypothorax andressorum), the eudimorphodontid Arcticodactylus, undetermined archosaurs (phytosaurs and both sauropodomorph and theropod dinosaurs), the cynodont Mitredon cromptoni, and three mammals (Haramiyavia clemmenseni, Kuehneotherium, and cf. ?Brachyzostrodon), from the Late Triassic of the Fleming Fjord Formation; one plesiosaur from the Early Jurassic of the Kap Stewart Formation; one plesiosaur and one ichthyosaur from the Late Jurassic of the Kap Leslie Formation, plus a previously unreported Late Jurassic plesiosaur from Kronprins Christian Land. Moreover, fossil tetrapod trackways are known from the Late Carboniferous (morphotype Limnopus) of the Mesters Vig Formation and at least four different morphologies (such as the crocodylomorph Brachychirotherium, the auropodomorph Eosauropus and Evazoum, and the theropodian Grallator) associated to archosaurian trackmakers are known from the Late Triassic of the Fleming Fjord Formation. The presence of rich fossiliferous tetrapod sites in East Greenland is linked to the presence of well-exposed continental and shallow marine deposits with most finds in terrestrial deposits from the Late Devonian and the Late Triassic.

New trigonioid bivalves from the Early Jurassic to earliest Cretaceous of the Antarctic Peninsula region: systematics and austral paleobiogeography

1995 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon R. A. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Early Jurassic ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
Livingston Island ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Antarctic

New discoveries of trigonioid bivalves are documented from three areas in the Antartic Peninsula: the Fossil Bluff Group of Alexander Island, the Latady Formation of the Orville Coast, and the Byers Group of Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands. Eleven taxa are described, representing six genera or subgenera. The faunas are characterized by genera including Vaugonia (Vaugonia), the first Early Jurassic trigonioid recognized on the continent; Vaugonia (V.) and V. (Orthotrigonia?) in the Late Jurassic; and Iotrigonia (Iotrigonia), Myophorella (Scaphogonia), and Pterotrigonia (Pterotrigonia), which span the Jurassic–Cretaceous boundary, reaching the Berriasian stage. The following species are new: Pterotrigonia (P.) cramei n. sp., Pterotrigonia (P.) thomsoni n. sp., Vaugonia (V.) orvillensis n. sp., and V. (Orthotrigonia?) quiltyi n. sp. The faunas show affinities with those of New Zealand and southern Africa. Trigonioids characterize the shallower marine biofacies in the Jurassic of the Antarctic and reflect the principal shallowing events in the history of the region.

What Iberian dinosaurs reveal about the bridge said to exist between Gondwana and Laurasia in the Early Cretaceous

2009 ◽  
Vol 180 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Ignacio Canudo ◽  
José Luis Barco ◽  
Xabier Pereda-Suberbiola ◽  
José Ignacio Ruiz-Omeñaca ◽  
Leonardo Salgado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Open Ocean ◽  
Early Jurassic ◽  
Place Of Origin ◽  
Iberian Margin ◽  
Great Development ◽  
Iberian Plate

Abstract Some Cretaceous dinosaur taxa with a broad enough record on the continents of the northern hemisphere (Laurasia) or in the southern continents (Gondwana) have been interpreted as Laurasian or Gondwanan in origin. The occasional presence of these taxa outside Laurasia or Gondwana respectively has frequently been explained in terms of dispersal from their place of origin by means of land bridges that are indeterminate in location and character. One example of such a dispersal event is provided by the Early Cretaceous dinosaurs of Europe and Africa. Certain European taxa have been interpreted as having their origin in Gondwana. If we regard these presences common to both areas as being the result of a point of communication between Laurasia and western Gondwana or at least of sporadic flows in both directions during the Early Cretaceous, we may opt for dispersal as an explanation. It has been assumed that there was an intercontinental bridge between Africa and Europe passing through the archipelago of which Iberia formed a part. This interpretation emerged from the idea that such a bridge existed in the Late Jurassic, explaining the presence of similar ornithopod dinosaurs in Africa and Europe. However, from the end of the Early Jurassic a period of “rift” began on the southern Iberian margin, entailing the formation of a sedimentary furrow with pelagic sedimentation in what is known as the Subbetic zone. Moreover, the differences in the observed dinosaur fauna between western Gondwana and the Iberian Peninsula in the Neocomian can be explained as the result of endemism and regional extinctions. The archipelago that formed the Iberian plate was Laurasia’s closest continental mass to Gondwana during the Neocomian, yet there was still a separation of several hundred kilometres of open ocean without islands. Such a barrier would seem difficult for dinosaurs to overcome. As such, we lack proof of communication between the two supercontinents via Iberia during the Neocomian. The situation appears to change in the Barremian-Aptian transition. Some of the taxa present in the Hauterivian-Barremian of Europe are recorded in Gondwana from the Aptian onwards. This can possibly be explained in terms of the more complete record that exists, but it cannot be ruled out that a communication was established between Gondwana and Laurasia at the end of the Barremian. For the time being, we lack geological support for this bridge in Iberia, yet it might be located in Apulia, where there is a great development of shallow-shelf carbonates with dinosaur remains from the period in question.

Revision of the bizarre Mesozoic scorpionflies in the Pseudopolycentropodidae (Mecopteroidea)

2005 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Grimaldi ◽  
Alexandr Rasnitsyn ◽  
Zhang Junfeng ◽  
Nicholas Fraser
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Hind Wing ◽  
Early Jurassic ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Antennal Flagellum ◽  
The Family

AbstractThe Mesozoic family Pseudopolycentropodidae presently consists of seven described species from the mid-Triassic to the Late Jurassic of Europe and Asia. Pseudopolycentropus prolatipennis Whalley, from the Early Jurassic of England, is revised based on re-examination of the type. Four new species are described herein that add significant distributional and stratigraphic extensions to the family. Pseudopolycentropodes virginicus Grimaldi and Fraser, gen. n., sp. n. from the Late Triassic (Carnian) of Virginia USA is the first species of the family from the Western Hemisphere. Pseudopolycentropus daohugouensis Zhang, sp. n. from the Late Jurassic of China is very similar to P. latipennis Martynov, 1927 from the Late Jurassic of Kazakhstan. Four specimens belonging to two very similar species in mid-Cretaceous amber from northern Burma (Myanmar), Parapolycentropus burmiticus Grimaldi and Rasnitsyn, gen. n., sp. n. and P. paraburmiticus Grimaldi and Rasnistyn, sp. n., are the only specimens of the family from the Cretaceous. The amber species are exceptional, with the hind wing reduced to a minute lobe, the antennal flagellum modified into an arista, labial palps are lost, and – like the Late Jurassic species — the laciniae and what are probably mandibles are modified into a long, stylet-like proboscis. What the species with long proboscides fed upon is ambiguous, but it was doubtfully blood. Complete preservation in amber of morphological details, particularly the female terminalia, confirms previous views that this unusual group is phylogenetically basal to Recent Mecoptera.

scholarly journals Foraminiferal assemblage in the coral-bearing limestones of the Vršatec area (Pieniny Klippen Belt, Western Carpathians, Slovakia)

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Morycowa ◽  
Barbara Olszewska
Keyword(s):  
Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Scleractinian Coral ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Coral Community ◽  
Scleractinian Corals ◽  
Western Carpathians ◽  
Foraminiferal Assemblage ◽  
Pieniny Klippen Belt

Abstract The paper deals with benthic foraminifera occurring with the scleractinian corals in the Jurassic biohermal and peribiohermal coral-bearing limestones of the Vršatec area (Czorsztyn Succession, Slovak Pieniny Klippen Belt). The coral community is dominated by branching forms of the genus Thecosmilia. Co-occurring abundant benthic foraminifera belong to the species Rumanolina seiboldi, R. elevata, Paalzowella turbinella and Troglotella incrustans. The coral-bearing limestones were initially assigned to the Oxfordian on the basis of the microfacies analyses and bivalve and scleractinian faunas. In recent papers they are assigned to the Bajocian on the basis of ammonites found in the neptunic dykes and stratigraphic superimposition criteria. However, the stratigraphic distribution of the majority of the identified foraminifera indicates that like most scleractinian coral taxa they are not known earlier than in the Late Jurassic. The Late Jurassic age of these coral-bearing limestones is also suggested by an encrusting microproblematic organism Iberopora bodeuri.

scholarly journals Earliest evidence of herd-living and age segregation amongst dinosaurs

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Pol ◽  
Adriana C. Mancuso ◽  
Roger M. H. Smith ◽  
Claudia A. Marsicano ◽  
Jahandar Ramezani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Early Jurassic ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Zircon Geochronology ◽  
Restricted Area ◽  
Colonial Nesting ◽  
Nesting Behaviour ◽  
Herd Structure ◽  
Evolutionary Success ◽  
Age Segregation

AbstractSauropodomorph dinosaurs dominated the herbivorous niches during the first 40 million years of dinosaur history (Late Triassic–Early Jurassic), yet palaeobiological factors that influenced their evolutionary success are not fully understood. For instance, knowledge on their behaviour is limited, although herding in sauropodomorphs has been well documented in derived sauropods from the Late Jurassic and Cretaceous. Here we report an exceptional fossil occurrence from Patagonia that includes over 100 eggs and skeletal specimens of 80 individuals of the early sauropodomorph Mussaurus patagonicus, ranging from embryos to fully-grown adults, with an Early Jurassic age as determined by high-precision U–Pb zircon geochronology. Most specimens were found in a restricted area and stratigraphic interval, with some articulated skeletons grouped in clusters of individuals of approximately the same age. Our new discoveries indicate the presence of social cohesion throughout life and age-segregation within a herd structure, in addition to colonial nesting behaviour. These findings provide the earliest evidence of complex social behaviour in Dinosauria, predating previous records by at least 40 My. The presence of sociality in different sauropodomorph lineages suggests a possible Triassic origin of this behaviour, which may have influenced their early success as large terrestrial herbivores.

scholarly journals Mesozoic Intracontinental Orogeny in the Tectonic History of the Kolyvan’– Tomsk Folded Zone (Southern Siberia): a Synthesis of Geological Data and results of Apatite Fission Track Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 1006-1020
Author(s):  
F.I. Zhimulev ◽  
E.V. Vetrov ◽  
I.S. Novikov ◽  
G. Van Ranst ◽  
S. Nachtergaele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Fission Track ◽  
Early Jurassic ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Apatite Fission Track ◽  
History Of ◽  
Paleozoic Rocks ◽  
Orogenic Events

Abstract —The Kolyvan’–Tomsk folded zone (KTFZ) is a late Permian collisional orogen in the northwestern section of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. The Mesozoic history of the KTFZ area includes Late Triassic–Early Jurassic and Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous orogenic events. The earlier event produced narrow deep half-ramp basins filled with Early–Middle Jurassic molasse south of the KTFZ, and the later activity rejuvenated the Tomsk thrust fault, whereby the KTFZ Paleozoic rocks were thrust over the Early–Middle Jurassic basin sediments. The Mesozoic orogenic events induced erosion and the ensuing exposure of granitoids (Barlak complex) that were emplaced in a within-plate context after the Permian collisional orogeny. Both events were most likely associated with ocean closure, i.e., the Paleothetys Ocean in the Late Triassic–Early Jurassic and the Mongol–Okhotsk Ocean in the Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous. The apatite fission track (AFT) ages of granitoids from the Ob’ complex in the KTFZ range between ~120 and 100 Ma (the Aptian and the Albian). The rocks with Early Cretaceous AFT ages were exhumed as a result of denudation and peneplanation of the Early Cretaceous orogeny, which produced a vast Late Cretaceous–Paleogene planation surface. The tectonic pattern of the two orogenic events, although being different in details, generally inherited the late Paleozoic primary collisional structure of the Kolyvan’–Tomsk zone.

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