scholarly journals Cryopreservation of lumpfish Cyclopterus lumpus (Linnaeus, 1758) milt

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnvør Norðberg ◽  
Asa Johannesen ◽  
Regin Arge
Keyword(s):  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Dimethyl Sulphoxide ◽  
Potassium Bicarbonate ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Cyclopterus Lumpus ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Stable Production ◽  
Hen’S Egg ◽  
Original Medium ◽  
The Difference

This study has established a successful protocol to cryopreserve lumpfish Cyclopterus lumpus (Linnaeus, 1758) milt. Three cryosolutions were tested based on Mounib’s medium; the original medium including reduced l-glutathione (L-Glu), the basic sucrose and potassium bicarbonate medium without L-Glu, or with hen’s egg yolk (EY). Dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) was used as the cryoprotectant along with all three diluents in a 1 to 2 dilution. Cryopreservation was performed with the mentioned cryosolutions at two freezing rates. Motility percentages of spermatozoa were evaluated using ImageJ with a computer assisted sperm analyzer (CASA) plug-in. Findings revealed that spermatozoa cryopreserved in Mounib’s medium without L-Glu had a post-thaw motility score of 8.64 percentage points (pp) higher than to that with added L-Glu, and an addition of EY to the Mounib’s medium lowered the post-thaw motility score by 15.07 pp. The difference in motility between both freezing rates was 5.23 pp, and samples cryopreserved on a 4.8 cm high tray resulted in a better post-thaw motility score. Cryopreserved milt had a 23.76 pp lower post-thaw motility score when compared with fresh milt. Cryopreservation of lumpfish milt has, to our knowledge, never been successfully carried out before. The established protocol will be a main contributing factor in a stable production of lumpfish juveniles in future.

scholarly journals Cryopreservation of lumpfish Cyclopterus lumpus (Linnaeus, 1758) milt

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnvør Norðberg ◽  
Asa Johannesen ◽  
Regin Arge
Keyword(s):  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Dimethyl Sulphoxide ◽  
Potassium Bicarbonate ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Cyclopterus Lumpus ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Stable Production ◽  
Hen’S Egg ◽  
Original Medium ◽  
The Difference

This study has established a successful protocol to cryopreserve lumpfish Cyclopterus lumpus (Linnaeus, 1758) milt. Three cryosolutions were tested based on Mounib’s medium; the original medium including reduced l-glutathione (L-Glu), the basic sucrose and potassium bicarbonate medium without L-Glu, or with hen’s egg yolk (EY). Dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) was used as the cryoprotectant along with all three diluents in a 1 to 2 dilution. Cryopreservation was performed with the mentioned cryosolutions at two freezing rates. Motility percentages of spermatozoa were evaluated using ImageJ with a computer assisted sperm analyzer (CASA) plug-in. Findings revealed that spermatozoa cryopreserved in Mounib’s medium without L-Glu had a post-thaw motility score of 8.64 percentage points (pp) higher than to that with added L-Glu, and an addition of EY to the Mounib’s medium lowered the post-thaw motility score by 15.07 pp. The difference in motility between both freezing rates was 5.23 pp, and samples cryopreserved on a 4.8 cm high tray resulted in a better post-thaw motility score. Cryopreserved milt had a 23.76 pp lower post-thaw motility score when compared with fresh milt. Cryopreservation of lumpfish milt has, to our knowledge, never been successfully carried out before. The established protocol will be a main contributing factor in a stable production of lumpfish juveniles in future.

scholarly journals Osmotic pressures in the henʼs egg

1934 ◽  
Vol 114 (789) ◽  
pp. 436-440 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Vapour Pressure ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Egg White ◽  
Vitelline Membrane ◽  
Osmotic Gradient ◽  
Hen’S Egg ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Hill

In a recent paper Howard (1932) claims to have shown, by three methods, that the "expected" osmotic equilibria exist between the yolk and white of a hen's egg. Johlin (1933) has criticized her technique of cryhydric measurement and re-asserted that the yolk and white of an egg hive different values for depression of freezing point. Although Needham (1931) and Meyerhof (1931) have considered the possibility of the outer layer of yolk having a lower osmotic pressure than the inner, Howard gives no experimental evidence indicating the existence of an osmotic gradient within the yolk. The methods she used being apparently incapable of showing the difference in osmotic pressure between the whole yolk and the whole white of an egg were presumably unable also to detect the osmotic gradient in the yolk. Grollman's (1931) criticisms of the Hill thermo-electric method for the measurement of vapour pressures when employed with viscous solutions were repeated by Howard, with no other evidence than that it gave results which disagreed with her own. In particular, Bateman's low vapour pressure depression found in mixtures of egg yolk and egg white are declared to be incompatible with high vapour pressure depressions for yolk. It is strange that in the differentiation of the properties of egg yolk and white so many authors should have considered the yolk as homogeneous. It is a well-known fact that the formation of an egg yolk occurs by daily deposits in the ovary of the hen. These extend over several days and that the integrity of the daily deposit is maintained more or less for many days is evidenced by observation of the spherical zones in the yolk of a frozen egg that has been sectioned. Also it is easy to withdraw from the centre of the yolk, using a fine pipette, white yolk which is different chemically from the surrounding yellow yolk. Since no membrane is known to separate these two kinds of yolk nor the daily deposit of yolk, the existence of this non-homogeneity within the yolk must be an indication of the slowness of equilibration inside a hen's egg. Hence, when one speaks of the difference in osmotic pressure of average egg white and average egg yolk, no conclusions can be drawn logically regarding the difference in osmotic pressure on opposite sides of the vitelline membrane. As the Hill thermoelectric method of measuring vapour pressure requires but small quantities of solution, it was of interest to use this micro method to study the difference in osmotic pressures of samples of yolk and white obtained on opposite sides of the membrane.

scholarly journals The Relations between Yolk and White in the Hen's Egg

1934 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-242
Author(s):  
A.J. M. SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Freezing Point ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Viscous Medium ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Hen’S Egg ◽  
Egg Yolks ◽  
Real Phenomenon ◽  
Osmotic Behaviour ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Moment

Egg-yolk from newly laid infertile hen's eggs is in equilibrium with ice at approximately -0·57°C., and the difference between the freezing-points of egg-white and egg-yolk is a real phenomenon. The osmotic behaviour of intact egg-yolks confirms this value for the freezing-point and indicates that the difference still exists in the intact egg. At the moment of leaving the hen the freezing-point depression of both white and yolk is considerably greater owing to the presence of carbon dioxide which subsequently escapes. Ice forms much more slowly in egg-yolk than in aqueous solutions under similar conditions, probably because of the retardation of diffusion and heat transfer in a viscous medium of high fat content. The author's acknowledgments are due to Mr H. J. Shepherd, who carried out the whole of the experimental work described in the paper.

6,8-Dihydroxypurine in the Hen’s Egg Yolk

1973 ◽  
Vol 28 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 482-483
Author(s):  
S. De Boeck ◽  
T. Rymen ◽  
J. Stockx
Keyword(s):  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Hen’S Egg

Characterization of glycopeptides derived from the low-density lipoprotein of hen's egg yolk

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 983-988 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Z. Augustyniak ◽  
W. G. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Amide Nitrogen ◽  
Acetylneuraminic Acid ◽  
Hen’S Egg ◽  
Terminal Amino ◽  
Protein Moiety

Two glycopeptides (A and B) were isolated from pronase-digested vitellenin, the protein moiety of the low-density lipoprotein of hen's egg yolk. Aspartic acid was the only N-terminal amino acid of both glycopeptides but only A contained N-acetylneuraminic acid. A contained 55% hexose (mannose), 14% hexosamine, 12% N-acetylneuraminic acid, 0.71% amide nitrogen, and its molecular weight was 2.3 × 103. The corresponding values for B were 64, 17, 0.0, 0.75, and 2.0 × 103. Chemical analyses showed that B (and probably A) occurs in vitellenin with the heteropolysaccharide group bound N-glycosidically via the β-amide group of an asparaginyl residue. The indicated structure is R∙(NH)Asp∙Thr∙Ser∙(Ala, Gly, Val)∙Ile, where R, the heteropolysaccharide group, contains 2 hexosamine and 8 hexose residues.

scholarly journals Time versus State in Insurance: Experimental Evidence from Contract Farming in Kenya

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (12) ◽  
pp. 3778-3813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Casaburi ◽  
Jack Willis
Keyword(s):  
Crop Insurance ◽  
Counterparty Risk ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Contract Farming ◽  
Present Bias ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
The Difference

The gains from insurance arise from the transfer of income across states. Yet, by requiring that the premium be paid up front, standard insurance products also transfer income across time. We show that this intertemporal transfer can help explain low insurance demand, especially among the poor, and in a randomized control trial in Kenya we test a crop insurance product which removes it. The product is interlinked with a contract farming scheme: as with other inputs, the buyer of the crop offers the insurance and deducts the premium from farmer revenues at harvest time. The take-up rate for pay-at-harvest insurance is 72 percent, compared to 5 percent for the standard pay-up-front contract, and the difference is largest among poorer farmers. Additional experiments and outcomes provide evidence on the role of liquidity constraints, present bias, and counterparty risk, and find that enabling farmers to commit to pay the premium just 1 month later increases demand by 21 percentage points. (JEL G22, I32, O13, O16, Q12, Q14)

scholarly journals The Effect of Telemedicine Consultation on Outcomes in Patients with Intracerebral Hemorrhage

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-395
Author(s):  
A. M. Alasheyev ◽  
A. A. Smolkin ◽  
E. V. Prazdnichkova ◽  
A. A. Belkin
Keyword(s):  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Intracerebral Hematoma ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Conflicts Of Interests ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Telemedicine Consultation ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Vascular Center

RELEVANCE. Telemedicine solves the problem of the availability of highly qualified personnel at the decision-making stage in the management of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage. AIM OF STuDY We set out to evaluate the effect of teleconsultation on outcomes in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage 30 days after the event.MATERIAL AND METHODS. A prospective, open, nonrandomized clinical trial in two parallel groups. The first group included adult patients up to 80 years of age with a hemorrhagic stroke from 4 to 36 points according to NIHSS due to unilateral supratentorial intracerebral hematoma of non-aneurysmal genesis, who were examined by a neurosurgeon and resuscitator of the Regional Vascular Center in a ward. The second group included similar patients, but they received telemedicine consultation of the above specialists. The primary endpoint of the study was mortality 30 days after the onset of the stroke. The hypothesis of non-superiority was tested where the 95% confidence interval (CI) for the difference in mortality between the groups should not go over 15 percentage points.RESULTS. A total of 140 patients (70 in each group) with intracerebral hematomas were studied. Mortality in the bedside group was 14.3% (CI 7.1%; 24.7%), and in the remote group it was 25.7% (16.0%; 37.6%), p=0.091. However, there was no evidence of superiority, since the difference between the groups in mortality was 11.4 with CI from –0.07 to 24.5 percentage points, which was beyond the predefined limit.CONCLUSIONS. At the current level of development of medicine and information technology, telemedicine cannot fully replace the traditional (bedside) consultation of an expert level of neurosurgeon and neuroresuscitator in patients with intracerebral hematomas.Authors declare lack of the conflicts of interests.

scholarly journals Evaluación de la motilidad espermática a través del sistema C.A.S.A de semen caprino criopreservado bajo diferentes medios diluyentes

Respuestas ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-27
Author(s):  
Leonardo Hernández-Corredor ◽  
Alexander Nivia-Osuna ◽  
Daniel Hernández-Villamizar ◽  
Jorge Alexander Rubio-Parada ◽  
Armando Quintero-Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Displacement ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Complete Medium ◽  
Sperm Analysis ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Nitrogen Vapor ◽  
Computer Assisted Sperm Analysis ◽  
The University ◽  
Casa System

 El estudio evaluó la motilidad espermática y su efecto postdescongelación en semen caprino, en dos medios comerciales (Andromed® y TwoStep®) y diferentes protocolos de congelación (medio completo, con adicción del 10% de yema de huevo, semen centrifugado y sobrenadante seminal), se utilizaron machos de la raza alpina de la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander Ocaña, el semen fue colectado con electroeyaculador, una vez los medios terminados y parte de los contenidos seminales enteros o centrifugados mezclados, se estabilizó por 2 horas, se envasó en pajillas de 0,5 cc y se congela en vapores de nitrógeno por 10 minutos, las pajillas se llevaron al laboratorio de Andrología de la Universidad del Zulia y por medio del sistema C.A.S.A.(Computer Assisted Sperm Análisis) se evaluaron los parámetros de motilidad como velocidad curvilínea (VCL), velocidad rectilínea (VSL), velocidad lineal (VAP), índice de linealidad (LIN), índice de rectitud (STR), índice de oscilación (ALH), Amplitud media del desplazamiento lateral de la cabeza del espermatozoide (BCF), los datos fueron analizados por medio del procedimiento GLM de SAS versión 9.0; los mejores índices de motilidad (VCL, ALH, BCF) fueron expresados enel tratamiento de contenido seminal centrifugado en medio Andromed®. (p≤0,001))La mejor progresividad espermática (VSL,LIN,STR)se presentó el tratamiento de Semen completo de caprino, criopreservado en medio comercial TwoStep®. ABSTRACT  The study evaluated the effect sperm motility and sperm post-thawing in goats, two commercial means (Andromed ® and Two Step ®) and different freezing protocols (complete medium with 10% addition of the egg yolk, semen centrifuged supernatant and seminal ), we used males of the Alpine race of the University Francisco de Paula Santander Ocaña, semen was collected with electroejaculator once finished media and part of the whole and centrifuged seminal contents mixed, stabilized by two hours, packed in 0.5 cc straws and frozen in nitrogen vapor for 10 min, the straws were taken to the laboratory of Andrology at the University of Zulia and through CASA system (Computer Assisted Sperm Analysis) were evaluated motility parameters such as curvilinear velocity (VCL), straight line velocity (VSL), linear velocity (VAP), linearity index (LIN), straightness index (STR) Oscillation Index (ALH ) average amplitude of the lateral displacement of the sperm head (BCF), the data were analyzed by the GLM procedure of SAS version 9.0, the highest rates of motility (VCL, ALH, BCF) were expressed in the treatment of seminal content centrifugation Andromed ® medium. (p ≤ 0.001)) The best progressive sperm (VSL, LIN, STR) will present the full Semen treatment goats, cryopreserved at Two Step ® commercial medium.Keywords: semen, buck, Andromed, Two step.

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