scholarly journals The dentary of Wareolestes rex and new fossil mammal material from the Middle Jurassic of Skye, Scotland

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsa Panciroli ◽  
Roger B. J. Benson ◽  
Stig Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
Ecological Diversity ◽  
Original Diagnosis ◽  
New Material ◽  
Permanent Molars ◽  
Scan Data ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Isle Of Skye ◽  
Lower Molar

The Middle Jurassic was a pivotal time for many vertebrate groups: recent research suggests mammals experienced a surge in ecological diversity at this time. However, vertebrate fossils from the Middle Jurassic are rare. Until now, Middle Jurassic mammals in the UK came almost exclusively from Bathonian deposits in England, while globally the most complete specimens are mainly found in China. Ongoing fieldwork on the Isle of Skye suggests this locality is of international significance for microvertebrate skeletal remains. So far, Skye has yielded skeletal associations and fragmentary material including early mammals, tritylodontids, salamanders and basal squamates. We report the most complete specimen of the Middle Jurassic morganucodontan Wareolestes rex, from the Bathonian Kilmaluag Formation of Skye, Scotland. The specimen was digitally reconstructed using microCT scan data. It comprises a partial left dentary with two erupted molars, one unerupted molar, and three unerupted premolars. Empty alveoli for a canine, p1 and p3 are also present. Wareolestes was previously known from four isolated molars from Kirtlington, England, and there was debate over the position of the holotype tooth as an upper or lower molar. Comparing our new material with the holotype, we support the original diagnosis of the holotype as a lower molar, most likely m1. In the Scottish specimen, unerupted and erupted premolars, and presence of permanent molars, supports diphyodonty in Wareolestes. This has previously been suggested for other morganucodontans. Damage to the dentary of Wareolestes means questions remain regarding the sequence of replacement along the tooth row in this genus.

scholarly journals The dentary of Wareolestes rex and new fossil mammal material from the Middle Jurassic of Skye, Scotland

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsa Panciroli ◽  
Roger B. J. Benson ◽  
Stig Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
Ecological Diversity ◽  
Original Diagnosis ◽  
New Material ◽  
Permanent Molars ◽  
Scan Data ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Isle Of Skye ◽  
Lower Molar

The Middle Jurassic was a pivotal time for many vertebrate groups: recent research suggests mammals experienced a surge in ecological diversity at this time. However, vertebrate fossils from the Middle Jurassic are rare. Until now, Middle Jurassic mammals in the UK came almost exclusively from Bathonian deposits in England, while globally the most complete specimens are mainly found in China. Ongoing fieldwork on the Isle of Skye suggests this locality is of international significance for microvertebrate skeletal remains. So far, Skye has yielded skeletal associations and fragmentary material including early mammals, tritylodontids, salamanders and basal squamates. We report the most complete specimen of the Middle Jurassic morganucodontan Wareolestes rex, from the Bathonian Kilmaluag Formation of Skye, Scotland. The specimen was digitally reconstructed using microCT scan data. It comprises a partial left dentary with two erupted molars, one unerupted molar, and three unerupted premolars. Empty alveoli for a canine, p1 and p3 are also present. Wareolestes was previously known from four isolated molars from Kirtlington, England, and there was debate over the position of the holotype tooth as an upper or lower molar. Comparing our new material with the holotype, we support the original diagnosis of the holotype as a lower molar, most likely m1. In the Scottish specimen, unerupted and erupted premolars, and presence of permanent molars, supports diphyodonty in Wareolestes. This has previously been suggested for other morganucodontans. Damage to the dentary of Wareolestes means questions remain regarding the sequence of replacement along the tooth row in this genus.

scholarly journals Diverse vertebrate assemblage of the Kilmaluag Formation (Bathonian, Middle Jurassic) of Skye, Scotland

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsa PANCIROLI ◽  
Roger B. J. BENSON ◽  
Stig WALSH ◽  
Richard J. BUTLER ◽  
Tiago Andrade CASTRO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
International Context ◽  
Nature Conservancy ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Uk ◽  
A Site ◽  
Vertebrate Assemblage ◽  
First Time ◽  
Species Occurrences ◽  
Isle Of Skye

ABSTRACT The Kilmaluag Formation on the Isle of Skye, Scotland, provides one of the richest Mesozoic vertebrate fossil assemblages in the UK, and is among the richest globally for Middle Jurassic tetrapods. Since its discovery in 1971, this assemblage has predominantly yielded small-bodied tetrapods, including salamanders, choristoderes, lepidosaurs, turtles, crocodylomorphs, pterosaurs, dinosaurs, non-mammalian cynodonts and mammals, alongside abundant fish and invertebrates. It is protected as a Site of Special Scientific Interest and by Nature Conservancy Order. Unlike contemporaneous localities from England, this assemblage yields associated partial skeletons, providing unprecedented new data. We present a comprehensive updated overview of the Kilmaluag Formation, including its geology and the fossil collections made to date, with evidence of several species occurrences presented here for the first time. We place the vertebrate faunal assemblage in an international context through comparisons with relevant contemporaneous localities from the UK, Europe, Africa, Asia and the US. This wealth of material reveals the Kilmaluag Formation as a vertebrate fossil assemblage of global significance, both in terms of understanding Middle Jurassic faunal composition and the completeness of specimens, with implications for the early evolutionary histories of mammals, squamates and amphibians.

scholarly journals An unusual small-bodied crocodyliform from the Middle Jurassic of Scotland, UK, and potential evidence for an early diversification of advanced neosuchians

2016 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyu Yi ◽  
Jonathan P. Tennant ◽  
Mark T. Young ◽  
Thomas J. Challands ◽  
Davide Foffa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Early Evolution ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Mandibular Symphysis ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Early Diversification ◽  
Nearshore Environments ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Isle Of Skye

ABSTRACTThe Middle Jurassic is a poorly sampled time interval for non-pelagic neosuchian crocodyliforms, which obscures our understanding of the origin and early evolution of major clades. Here we report a lower jaw from the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) Duntulm Formation of the Isle of Skye, Scotland, UK, which consists of an isolated and incomplete left dentary and part of the splenial. Morphologically, the Skye specimen closely resembles the Cretaceous neosuchians Pachycheilosuchus and Pietraroiasuchus, in having a proportionally short mandibular symphysis, shallow dentary alveoli and inferred weakly heterodont dentition. It differs from other crocodyliforms in that the Meckelian canal is dorsoventrally expanded posterior to the mandibular symphysis and drastically constricted at the 7th alveolus. The new specimen, together with the presence of Theriosuchus sp. from the Valtos Formation and indeterminate neosuchians from the Kilmaluag Formation, indicates the presence of a previously unrecognised, diverse crocodyliform fauna in the Middle Jurassic of Skye, and Europe more generally. Small-bodied neosuchians were present, and ecologically and taxonomically diverse, in nearshore environments in the Middle Jurassic of the UK.

A sauropod dinosaur tooth from the Middle Jurassic of Skye, Scotland

2006 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Isle Of Skye

ABSTRACTA sauropod dinosaur tooth has been recovered from the Kilmaluag Formation (Middle Jurassic: late Bathonian) of Strathaird, Isle of Skye, Western Scotland. It represents the first dinosaur tooth to be described from Scotland. The combination of character states present indicates that it cannot be referred to either Cetiosaurus or Cardiodon and that it may pertain to a basal eusauropod or a basal titanosauriform. A diversity of sauropods was present in the UK in the Middle Jurassic and these faunas have the potential to illuminate many aspects of sauropod evolutionary history.

scholarly journals An unusual small-bodied crocodyliform from the Middle Jurassic of Scotland, UK, and potential evidence for an early diversification of advanced neosuchians

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyu Yi ◽  
Jonathan Tennant ◽  
Mark T. Young ◽  
Thomas J. Challands ◽  
Davide Foffa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Early Evolution ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Mandibular Symphysis ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Early Diversification ◽  
Nearshore Environments ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Isle Of Skye

The Middle Jurassic is a poorly sampled time interval for non-marine neosuchian crocodyliforms, which obscures our understanding of the origin and early evolution of major clades. Here we report a lower jaw from the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) Duntulm Formation of the Isle of Skye, Scotland, UK, which consists of an isolated and incomplete left dentary and part of the splenial. Morphologically, the Skye specimen closely resembles Cretaceous hylaeochampsids, including Pachycheilosuchus and Pietraroiasuchus, in having a proportionally short mandibular symphysis, shallow dentary alveoli, a strongly laterally compressed dentary, and inferred weakly heterodont dentition. It differs from other crocodyliforms in that the Meckelian canal is dorsoventrally expanded posterior to the mandibular symphysis and drastically constricted at the 6th alveolus. We tentatively refer the new specimen to cf. Hylaeochampsidae sp. which, together with the presence of Theriosuchus sp. from the Valtos Formation and indeterminate neosuchians from the Kilmaluag Formation, indicates the presence of a previously unrecognized highly diverse crocodyliform fauna in the Middle Jurassic of Skye, and Europe more generally. This new specimen indicates that small-bodied neosuchians were present, and ecologically and taxonomically diverse, in nearshore environments in the Middle Jurassic of the UK.

A revision of Xinjiangchelys oshanensis (Ye, 1973), and new material from the Middle Jurassic of Lufeng, Yunnan Province, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 186 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyan Tong ◽  
Zhiming Dong ◽  
Tao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Yunnan Province ◽  
Shell Morphology ◽  
Single Specimen ◽  
Systematic Revision ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
New Material

Abstract Xinjiangchelys oshanensis (Ye, 1973) was originally described as Plesiochelys oshanensisYe, 1973 from the Jurassic Upper Lufeng series of Eshan, Yunnan Province, China. The species was based on a single specimen (IVPP V4444), a damaged shell with articulated carapace and plastron. This species was later referred to as Xinjiangchelys? oshanensis and X. oshanensis respectively, but has never been revised and often overlooked in the studies of Asian Mesozoic turtles. In this paper, we provide the systematic revision of X. oshanensis (Ye, 1973) after new restoration of the specimen. Five additional shells from the Middle Jurassic Chuanjie Formation of Lufeng, Yunnan Province, China are referred to this species. Our study confirms the validity of the species and its assignment to the genus Xinjiangchelys. The study of the new material completes the shell morphology of X. oshanensis and provides additional information about its age.

Disease and Trauma in the Children from Roman Britain

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary E. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Roman Britain ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Roman World ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

This chapter explores our current knowledge of pathology and trauma in Romano-British non-adult samples focusing on the children from the late Roman cemetery of Poundbury Camp, Dorset. Evidence for metabolic diseases (rickets, scurvy, iron deficiency anaemia), fractures, thalassemia, congenital disorders and tuberculosis, are presented with emphasis on what their presence tells us about the impact of the Romans in Britain. Many of the large Roman sites from the UK were excavated long before diagnostic criteria for recognizing pathology in child remains were fully developed, and European studies tend only to focus on anaemia and its link to malaria. A lack of environmental evidence for the sites from which our skeletal remains are derived is also problematic, and this chapter hopes to set the agenda for future research into the health and life of children living in the Roman World.

scholarly journals First and most northern occurrence of a thalattosuchian crocodylomorph from the Jurassic of the Isle of Skye, Scotland

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. sjg2020-013
Author(s):  
Kim J. Kean ◽  
Davide Foffa ◽  
Michela M. Johnson ◽  
Mark T. Young ◽  
Gert Greitens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Marine Deposits ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Research Collection ◽  
Career Research ◽  
Isle Of Skye

The Jurassic was a key interval for the evolution of dinosaurs, crocodylomorphs and many other vertebrate groups. In recent years, new vertebrate fossils have emerged from the Early–Middle Jurassic of the Isle of Skye, Scotland; however, much more is known about Skye's dinosaur fauna than its crocodylomorphs. Here we report new crocodylomorph material collected from Jurassic marine deposits at Prince Charlie's Cave on the NE coast of Skye. The specimen is a small cobble containing postcranial elements from an individual that is considerably larger in size than previous crocodylomorphs described from Skye. Based on features of the vertebrae and osteoderms, the specimen is assigned to Thalattosuchia, an extinct clade of semi-aquatic/pelagic crocodylomorphs. Specifically, the sub-circular and bean-shaped pit ornamentation on the dorsal surface of the osteoderms in alternating rows suggests affinities with the semi-aquatic lineage Teleosauroidea. Although the ornamentation pattern on the osteoderms is most similar to Macrospondylus (‘Steneosaurus’) bollensis, we conservatively assign the specimen to Teleosauroidea indeterminate. Regardless of its precise affinities and fragmentary nature, the specimen is the first thalattosuchian discovered in Scotland and is the most northerly reported Jurassic thalattosuchian globally, adding to our understanding of the palaeobiogeography and evolution of this group.Thematic collection: This article is part of the Early Career Research collection available at: https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/SJG-early-career-research

scholarly journals New theropod dinosaur teeth from the Middle Jurassic of the Isle of Skye, Scotland

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloe M. E. Young ◽  
Christophe Hendrickx ◽  
Thomas J. Challands ◽  
Davide Foffa ◽  
Dugald A. Ross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Theropod Dinosaur ◽  
Dinosaur Teeth ◽  
Isle Of Skye

Morphology, molecular characterisation and systematic position of Hemiplectus muscorum Zell, 1991 (Nematoda: Plectida)

Nematology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 719-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Holovachov ◽  
Sven Boström ◽  
Manuel Mundo-Ocampo ◽  
Irma Tandingan De Ley ◽  
Melissa Yoder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Data ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Molecular Characterisation ◽  
Posterior Pair ◽  
The Usa ◽  
New Material ◽  
Juvenile Stages ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Rrna Sequences

Abstract Hemiplectus muscorum, the type and single representative of its genus, is redescribed on the basis of abundant new material collected in the UK, Canada and the USA using both light and scanning electron microscopy. The phylogenetic relationships of the species are inferred from morphological as well as molecular data. Maximum parsimony, neighbour joining and maximum likelihood analyses of small subunit (SSU) rRNA sequences support a position nested among the Plectidae. This conflicts with our morphological assumptions of character polarity, as it implies that the absence of a valvate bulb in Hemiplectus is a reversal rather than a plesiomorphy. The excretory system of Hemiplectus is described more precisely. Its structure is highly reminiscent of the system in Plectus but differs in the presence of an anterior and posterior pair of pseudocoelomocytes flanking the renette cell. A pair of lateral somatic setae is identified as possible homologues of the 'deirids' in Plectus and Rhabditida. Measurements and descriptions are given of all four juvenile stages.

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