scholarly journals Biodiversity seen through the perspective of insects: 10 simple rules on methodological choices, common challenges, and experimental design for genomic studies

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pável Matos-Maraví ◽  
Camila Duarte Ritter ◽  
Christopher J Barnes ◽  
Martin Nielsen ◽  
Urban Olsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Biodiversity Crisis ◽  
Methodological Choices ◽  
Biodiversity Research ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Simple Rules ◽  
Genomic Studies

The study of biodiversity within the spatiotemporal continuum of evolution, e.g., studying local communities, population dynamics, or phylogenetic diversity, has been important to properly identify and describe the current biodiversity crisis. However, it has become clear that a multi-scale approach – from the leaves of phylogenetic trees to its deepest branches – is necessary to fully comprehend, and predict, biodiversity dynamics. Massive parallel DNA sequencing opens up opportunities for bridging multiple dimensions in biodiversity research, thanks to its efficiency to recover millions of nucleotide polymorphisms, both under neutral or selective pressure. Here we aim to identify the current status, discuss the main challenges, and look into future perspectives on biodiversity genomics research focusing on insects, which arguably constitute the most diverse and ecologically important group of metazoans. We suggest 10 simple rules that every biologist could follow to 1) provide a succinct step-by-step guide and best-practices to anyone interested in biodiversity research through insect genomics, 2) review and show relevant literature to biodiversity and evolutionary research in the field of entomology, and 3) make available a perspective on biodiversity studies using insect genomics. Our compilation is targeted at researchers and students who may not yet be specialists in entomology or genomics, but plan to carry out own research in insect genomics. We foresee that the genomic revolution and its application to the study of non-model insect lineages will represent a major leap to our understanding of insect diversity, and by consequence the largest portion of Earth’s biodiversity, and its evolution in time and space.

scholarly journals Biodiversity seen through the perspective of insects: 10 simple rules on methodological choices, common challenges, and experimental design for genomic studies

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pável Matos-Maraví ◽  
Camila Duarte Ritter ◽  
Christopher J Barnes ◽  
Martin Nielsen ◽  
Urban Olsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Biodiversity Crisis ◽  
Methodological Choices ◽  
Biodiversity Research ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Simple Rules ◽  
Genomic Studies

The study of biodiversity within the spatiotemporal continuum of evolution, e.g., studying local communities, population dynamics, or phylogenetic diversity, has been important to properly identify and describe the current biodiversity crisis. However, it has become clear that a multi-scale approach – from the leaves of phylogenetic trees to its deepest branches – is necessary to fully comprehend, and predict, biodiversity dynamics. Massive parallel DNA sequencing opens up opportunities for bridging multiple dimensions in biodiversity research, thanks to its efficiency to recover millions of nucleotide polymorphisms, both under neutral or selective pressure. Here we aim to identify the current status, discuss the main challenges, and look into future perspectives on biodiversity genomics research focusing on insects, which arguably constitute the most diverse and ecologically important group of metazoans. We suggest 10 simple rules that every biologist could follow to 1) provide a succinct step-by-step guide and best-practices to anyone interested in biodiversity research through insect genomics, 2) review and show relevant literature to biodiversity and evolutionary research in the field of entomology, and 3) make available a perspective on biodiversity studies using insect genomics. Our compilation is targeted at researchers and students who may not yet be specialists in entomology or genomics, but plan to carry out own research in insect genomics. We foresee that the genomic revolution and its application to the study of non-model insect lineages will represent a major leap to our understanding of insect diversity, and by consequence the largest portion of Earth’s biodiversity, and its evolution in time and space.

scholarly journals Biodiversity seen through the perspective of insects: 10 simple rules on methodological choices and experimental design for genomic studies

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pável Matos-Maraví ◽  
Camila Duarte Ritter ◽  
Christopher J Barnes ◽  
Martin Nielsen ◽  
Urban Olsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Methodological Choices ◽  
Biodiversity Research ◽  
Simple Rules ◽  
Spatial Dimensions ◽  
Genomic Studies ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Genomic Revolution

Massively parallel DNA sequencing opens up opportunities for bridging multiple temporal and spatial dimensions in biodiversity research, thanks to its efficiency to recover millions of nucleotide polymorphisms. Here we identify the current status, discuss the main challenges, and look into future perspectives on biodiversity genomics focusing on insects, which arguably constitute the most diverse and ecologically important group among all animals. We suggest 10 simple rules that provide a succinct step-by-step guide and best-practices to anyone interested in biodiversity research through the study of insect genomics. To this end, we review relevant literature on biodiversity and evolutionary research in the field of entomology. Our compilation is targeted at researchers and students who may not yet be specialists in entomology or molecular biology. We foresee that the genomic revolution and its application to the study of non-model insect lineages will represent a major leap to our understanding of insect diversity.

scholarly journals Biodiversity seen through the perspective of insects: 10 simple rules on methodological choices and experimental design for genomic studies

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pável Matos-Maraví ◽  
Camila Duarte Ritter ◽  
Christopher J. Barnes ◽  
Martin Nielsen ◽  
Urban Olsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Methodological Choices ◽  
Biodiversity Research ◽  
Simple Rules ◽  
Spatial Dimensions ◽  
Genomic Studies ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Genomic Revolution

Massively parallel DNA sequencing opens up opportunities for bridging multiple temporal and spatial dimensions in biodiversity research, thanks to its efficiency to recover millions of nucleotide polymorphisms. Here, we identify the current status, discuss the main challenges, and look into future perspectives on biodiversity genomics focusing on insects, which arguably constitute the most diverse and ecologically important group among all animals. We suggest 10 simple rules that provide a succinct step-by-step guide and best-practices to anyone interested in biodiversity research through the study of insect genomics. To this end, we review relevant literature on biodiversity and evolutionary research in the field of entomology. Our compilation is targeted at researchers and students who may not yet be specialists in entomology or molecular biology. We foresee that the genomic revolution and its application to the study of non-model insect lineages will represent a major leap to our understanding of insect diversity.

scholarly journals Biodiversity seen through the perspective of insects: 10 simple rules on methodological choices and experimental design for genomic studies

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pável Matos-Maraví ◽  
Camila Duarte Ritter ◽  
Christopher J Barnes ◽  
Martin Nielsen ◽  
Urban Olsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Methodological Choices ◽  
Biodiversity Research ◽  
Simple Rules ◽  
Spatial Dimensions ◽  
Genomic Studies ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Genomic Revolution

Massively parallel DNA sequencing opens up opportunities for bridging multiple temporal and spatial dimensions in biodiversity research, thanks to its efficiency to recover millions of nucleotide polymorphisms. Here we identify the current status, discuss the main challenges, and look into future perspectives on biodiversity genomics focusing on insects, which arguably constitute the most diverse and ecologically important group among all animals. We suggest 10 simple rules that provide a succinct step-by-step guide and best-practices to anyone interested in biodiversity research through the study of insect genomics. To this end, we review relevant literature on biodiversity and evolutionary research in the field of entomology. Our compilation is targeted at researchers and students who may not yet be specialists in entomology or molecular biology. We foresee that the genomic revolution and its application to the study of non-model insect lineages will represent a major leap to our understanding of insect diversity.

How to Evaluate Clinically Relevant Literature: Five Simple Rules for the Practicing Clinician in Stroke Neurorehabilitation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Sanching Tsay ◽  
Carolee Winstein
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Balance Sheets ◽  
Neural Connections ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
Immediate Recovery ◽  
Simple Rules ◽  
Busy Clinician ◽  
New Generation

Neurorehabilitation relies on core principles of neuroplasticity to activate and engage latent neural connections, promote detour circuits, and reverse impairments. Clinical interventions incorporating these principles have been shown to promote recovery while demoting compensation. However, many clinicians struggle to find evidence for these principles in our growing but nascent body of literature. Regulatory bodies and organizational balance sheets further discourage evidence-based, methodical, time-intensive, and efficacious interventions because practical needs often outweigh and dominate clinical decision making. Modern neurorehabilitation practices that result from these pressures favor strategies that encourage compensation over those that promote recovery. With a focus on helping the busy clinician evaluate the rapidly growing literature, we put forth five simple rules that direct clinicians toward intervention studies that value more enduring but slower biological recovery processes over the more alluring practical and immediate “recovery” mantra. Filtering emerging literature through this critical lens has the potential to change practice and lead to more durable long-term outcomes. This perspective is meant to serve a new generation of mechanistically minded clinicians, students, and trainees poised to not only advance our field but to also erect policy changes that promote recovery-based care of stroke survivors.

Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): A Narrative Review Based on Current Status

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rina Das ◽  
Dinesh Kumar Mehta ◽  
Meenakshi Dhanawat
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
World Health ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
First Case ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract:: A novel virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), appeared and expanded globally by the end of year in 2019 from Wuhan, China, causing severe acute respiratory syndrome. During its initial stage, the disease was called the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). It was named COVID-19 by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 11 February 2020. The WHO declared worldwide the SARS-CoV-2 virus a pandemic on March 2020. On 30 January 2020 the first case of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) was reported in India. Now in current situation the virus is floating in almost every part of the province and rest of the globe. -: On the basis of novel published evidences, we efficiently summarized the reported work with reference to COVID-19 epidemiology, pathogen, clinical symptoms, treatment and prevention. Using several worldwide electronic scientific databases such as Pubmed, Medline, Embase, Science direct, Scopus, etc were utilized for extensive investigation of relevant literature. -: This review is written in the hope of encouraging the people successfully with the key learning points from the underway efforts to perceive and manage SARS-CoV-2, suggesting sailent points for expanding future research.

scholarly journals A Global Agenda for Advancing Freshwater Biodiversity Research

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Maasri ◽  
Sonja Jähnig ◽  
Mihai Adamescu ◽  
Rita Adrian ◽  
Claudio Baigun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Freshwater Biodiversity ◽  
Biodiversity Crisis ◽  
Critical Step ◽  
Biodiversity Research ◽  
Coordinated Action ◽  
Global Agenda ◽  
Management And Conservation

Freshwater biodiversity is declining dramatically, and the current biodiversity crisis requires defining bold goals and mobilizing substantial resources to meet the challenges. While the reasons are varied, both research and conservation of freshwater biodiversity lag far behind efforts in the terrestrial and marine realms. We identify fifteen pressing global needs to support informed global freshwater biodiversity stewardship. The proposed agenda aims to advance freshwater biodiversity research globally as a critical step in improving coordinated action towards its sustainable management and conservation.

scholarly journals Current status of near-total laryngectomy: review

2012 ◽  
Vol 126 (6) ◽  
pp. 556-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
A K D'Cruz ◽  
S Sharma ◽  
P S Pai
Keyword(s):  
Total Laryngectomy ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Primary Surgery ◽  
Wide Acceptance ◽  
Accepted Standard ◽  
Surgical Complexity

AbstractConcurrent chemoradiation is currently the accepted ‘standard of care’ for locally advanced laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers. However, there is a subset of patients not suitable for chemoradiation, in whom primary surgery is the best option. Speech preservation is of prime importance in these patients. Near-total laryngectomy is a voice-preserving procedure which can be considered as an alternative to total laryngectomy for selected patients with lateralised, locally advanced cancers of the larynx and hypopharynx. Although these patients are left with a permanent tracheostomy, lung-powered speech is maintained by way of a dynamic shunt created from the uninvolved tissues of the larynx. Since its first description in the early 1980s, the procedure has been shown by various authors to be oncologically sound, with high success rates. Unfortunately, the procedure has not gained wide acceptance due to perceived fears of surgical complexity. In this review, we discuss the various issues related to the procedure and we review the relevant literature.

scholarly journals Chloroplast genomes elucidate diversity, phylogeny, and taxonomy of Pulsatilla (Ranunculaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiu-jie Li ◽  
Na Su ◽  
Ling Zhang ◽  
Ru-chang Tong ◽  
Xiao-hui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Phylogenetic Signal ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Variable Regions ◽  
Chloroplast Genomes ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Cp Genome

AbstractPulsatilla (Ranunculaceae) consists of about 40 species, and many of them have horticultural and/or medicinal value. However, it is difficult to recognize and identify wild Pulsatilla species. Universal molecular markers have been used to identify these species, but insufficient phylogenetic signal was available. Here, we compared the complete chloroplast genomes of seven Pulsatilla species. The chloroplast genomes of Pulsatilla were very similar and their length ranges from 161,501 to 162,669 bp. Eight highly variable regions and potential sources of molecular markers such as simple sequence repeats, large repeat sequences, and single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified, which are valuable for studies of infra- and inter-specific genetic diversity. The SNP number differentiating any two Pulsatilla chloroplast genomes ranged from 112 to 1214, and provided sufficient data for species delimitation. Phylogenetic trees based on different data sets were consistent with one another, with the IR, SSC regions and the barcode combination rbcL + matK + trnH-psbA produced slightly different results. Phylogenetic relationships within Pulsatilla were certainly resolved using the complete cp genome sequences. Overall, this study provides plentiful chloroplast genomic resources, which will be helpful to identify members of this taxonomically challenging group in further investigation.

scholarly journals A promising future for integrative biodiversity research: an increased role of scale-dependency and functional biology

2016 ◽  
Vol 371 (1691) ◽  
pp. 20150228 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Price ◽  
L. Schmitz
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Scaling Effects ◽  
Deep Time ◽  
Biodiversity Crisis ◽  
Biodiversity Research ◽  
Ecological Mechanisms ◽  
Functional Biology ◽  
Biotic Environment

Studies into the complex interaction between an organism and changes to its biotic and abiotic environment are fundamental to understanding what regulates biodiversity. These investigations occur at many phylogenetic, temporal and spatial scales and within a variety of biological and geological disciplines but often in relative isolation. This issue focuses on what can be achieved when ecological mechanisms are integrated into analyses of deep-time biodiversity patterns through the union of fossil and extant data and methods. We expand upon this perspective to argue that, given its direct relevance to the current biodiversity crisis, greater integration is needed across biodiversity research. We focus on the need to understand scaling effects, how lower-level ecological and evolutionary processes scale up and vice versa, and the importance of incorporating functional biology. Placing function at the core of biodiversity research is fundamental, as it establishes how an organism interacts with its abiotic and biotic environment and it is functional diversity that ultimately determines important ecosystem processes. To achieve full integration, concerted and ongoing efforts are needed to build a united and interactive community of biodiversity researchers, with education and interdisciplinary training at its heart.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document