scholarly journals Percentile curves for peripheral and truncal skinfold thickness for Canadian children and youth

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Kuhle ◽  
Jillian Ashley-Martin ◽  
Bryan Maguire ◽  
David C Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Percentile Curves ◽  
Canadian Health ◽  
Fat Composition ◽  
First Time ◽  
Canadian Health Measures Survey ◽  
Age And Sex

Background: Skinfold thickness (SFT) measurements are a reliable and feasible method for assessing body fat in children but their use and interpretation is hindered by the scarcity of reference values in representative populations of children. The objectives of the present study were to develop age- and sex-specific percentile curves for five SFT measures (biceps, triceps, subscapular, suprailiac, medial calf) and to describe body fat composition in a representative population of Canadian children and youth. Methods: We analyzed data from 3938 children and adolescents between 6 and 19 years of age who participated in the Canadian Health Measures Survey cycles 1 (2007/2009) and 2 (2009/2011). Standardized procedures were used to measure SFT. Age- and sex-specific centiles for skinfolds and body fat were calculated using the GAMLSS method. Results: Percentile curves were materially different in absolute value and shape for boys and girls. Percentile girls in girls steadily increased with age whereas percentile curves in boys were characterized by a pubertal centered peak. Median body fat percentage at age 18 was 13.2 and 25.4% among boys and girls, respectively. Conclusions: The current study has presented for the first time percentile curves for five SFT measures and body fat in a representative sample of Canadian children and youth.

scholarly journals Percentile curves for peripheral and truncal skinfold thickness for Canadian children and youth

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Kuhle ◽  
Jillian Ashley-Martin ◽  
Bryan Maguire ◽  
David C Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Percentile Curves ◽  
Canadian Health ◽  
Fat Composition ◽  
First Time ◽  
Canadian Health Measures Survey ◽  
Age And Sex

Background: Skinfold thickness (SFT) measurements are a reliable and feasible method for assessing body fat in children but their use and interpretation is hindered by the scarcity of reference values in representative populations of children. The objectives of the present study were to develop age- and sex-specific percentile curves for five SFT measures (biceps, triceps, subscapular, suprailiac, medial calf) and to describe body fat composition in a representative population of Canadian children and youth. Methods: We analyzed data from 3938 children and adolescents between 6 and 19 years of age who participated in the Canadian Health Measures Survey cycles 1 (2007/2009) and 2 (2009/2011). Standardized procedures were used to measure SFT. Age- and sex-specific centiles for skinfolds and body fat were calculated using the GAMLSS method. Results: Percentile curves were materially different in absolute value and shape for boys and girls. Percentile girls in girls steadily increased with age whereas percentile curves in boys were characterized by a pubertal centered peak. Median body fat percentage at age 18 was 13.2 and 25.4% among boys and girls, respectively. Conclusions: The current study has presented for the first time percentile curves for five SFT measures and body fat in a representative sample of Canadian children and youth.

scholarly journals Percentile curves for skinfold thickness for Canadian children and youth

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Kuhle ◽  
Jillian Ashley-Martin ◽  
Bryan Maguire ◽  
David C. Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Feasible Method ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Percentile Curves ◽  
Canadian Health ◽  
First Time ◽  
Canadian Health Measures Survey ◽  
Age And Sex

Background.Skinfold thickness (SFT) measurements are a reliable and feasible method for assessing body fat in children but their use and interpretation is hindered by the scarcity of reference values in representative populations of children. The objective of the present study was to develop age- and sex-specific percentile curves for five SFT measures (biceps, triceps, subscapular, suprailiac, medial calf) in a representative population of Canadian children and youth.Methods.We analyzed data from 3,938 children and adolescents between 6 and 19 years of age who participated in the Canadian Health Measures Survey cycles 1 (2007/2009) and 2 (2009/2011). Standardized procedures were used to measure SFT. Age- and sex-specific centiles for SFT were calculated using the GAMLSS method.Results.Percentile curves were materially different in absolute value and shape for boys and girls. Percentile girls in girls steadily increased with age whereas percentile curves in boys were characterized by a pubertal centered peak.Conclusions.The current study has presented for the first time percentile curves for five SFT measures in a representative sample of Canadian children and youth.

scholarly journals Body mass index as a measure of body fatness: age- and sex-specific prediction formulas

1991 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Deurenberg ◽  
Jan A. Weststrate ◽  
Jaap C. Seidell
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Prediction Error ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Age And Sex

In 1229 subjects, 521 males and 708 females, with a wide range in body mass index (BMI; 13.9–40.9 kg/m2), and an age range of 7–83 years, body composition was determined by densitometry and anthropometry. The relationship between densitometrically-determined body fat percentage (BF%) and BMI, taking age and sex (males =1, females = 0) into account, was analysed. For children aged 15 years and younger, the relationship differed from that in adults, due to the height-related increase in BMI in children. In children the BF% could be predicted by the formula BF% = 1.51xBMI–0.70xage–3.6xsex+1.4 (R2 0.38, SE of estimate (see) 4.4% BF%). In adults the prediction formula was: BF% = 1.20xBMI+0.23xage−10.8xsex–5.4 (R2 0.79, see = 4.1% BF%). Internal and external cross-validation of the prediction formulas showed that they gave valid estimates of body fat in males and females at all ages. In obese subjects however, the prediction formulas slightly overestimated the BF%. The prediction error is comparable to the prediction error obtained with other methods of estimating BF%, such as skinfold thickness measurements or bioelectrical impedance.

scholarly journals Body composition in female anorexia nervosa patients

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 639-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Probst ◽  
M. Goris ◽  
W. Vandereycken ◽  
H. Van Coppenolle
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Percentage Of Body Fat ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
The Mean ◽  
First Time

For the first time, body composition has been studied in a very large sample of female anorexia nervosa patients (n 200) using two methods: anthropometry (skinfold thickness) and densitometry (underwater weighing). The concurrent validity of both methods appeared to be good (r 0·84). Although the mean percentage of body fat (13·5) in our sample corresponds with most of the previous reports, the range (4·3–24·8) is great. Our study shows that BMI is not a good measure of fatness. Age and duration of illness were not related to body fat. Percentage fat was found to be different (t 2·76, P <0·01) according to the diagnostic subtype of anorexia nervosa: restricters (12·9) v. bingers and/or purgers (14·7).

FOUR-SITE SKINFOLDS THICKNESS PERCENTILES of SCHOOLCHILDREN and ADOLESCENTS in TURKEY

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Meltem Soylu ◽  
Nazlı Şensoy ◽  
İsmet Doğan ◽  
Nurhan Doğan ◽  
Mümtaz M. Mazicioğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lms Method ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Thickness Measurements ◽  
Gender Specific

Abstract Objective: The primary purpose of this study was to establish Turkish smoothed centile charts and LMS tables for four-site skinfold thickness based on a population-based sample and secondary purpose was to elaborate a reference for the percentage of body fat. Design: A cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted between January and May 2017. Triceps, biceps and subscapular, suprailiac skinfold thickness were measured using Holtain skinfold caliper. Age and gender specific percentile values were determined with the LMS method, and body fat percentage was calculated using the Westrate and Deurenberg equation. Setting: Afyonkarahisar province in Turkey. Participants: This study was conducted on 4565, 6-18 years old students. Results: The triceps, biceps, and subscapular skinfolds of the girls were higher than the boys. From the age of seven, the sum of four skinfold thicknesses of the girls was more than those of the boys. This difference became more evident after the age of 12. Although fat percentages of girls showed a fluctuating change, it decreased with the age in boys. Westrate and Deurenberg equation fat percentages of girls until adolescence were lower than boys, but increased after 12 years of age and exceeded that of boys. Conclusions: This study has provided sex and age specific reference values for skinfold thickness, and has shown that obesity in girls is higher than in boys in schoolchildren in Afyonkarahisar. This study has also shown that skinfold thickness measurements are a valuable tool for screening obesity in children.

scholarly journals Meal Habits, Body Fat Composition and Mood Status in Young Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1617-1617
Author(s):  
Hsin-Jen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Anxiety Score ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Food Security Status ◽  
Fat Composition

Abstract Objectives To examine the association between meal habits (i.e., eating breakfast every day, usually ≥80% fullness at breakfast, and not eating snacks at night), body composition and the subsequent changes in mood status in young adults. Methods This is a longitudinal follow-up study based on a randomized trial (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03828812). Young adults were recruited based in a university campus in Taipei City, Taiwan. In total, 125 participants were recruited and 103 completed the follow-ups. Measured body composition (TANITA BC-418) and moods (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, DASS) were assessed at baseline, the third month and 15th month from baseline. Baseline meal habits were based on the participants’ recall of their diets in the month before interview. We used mixed-effect model to test the association of baseline total body fat percentage and trunk body fat percentage and moods during follow-ups, adjusting for age, sex, baseline body mass index (BMI), food security status. Results After controlling for sex, age, BMI, and food security status at baseline, having breakfast every day at baseline was associated with 2.04 (se = 0.78, P = 0.0098) lower anxiety score and with 2.58 (se = 1.26, P = 0.0409) lower stress score at baseline. Meal habits were not associated with the subsequent changes in mood status. As for body composition, one % of trunk body fat replacing one % of non-trunk body fat at baseline was associated with 1.19 (se = 0.57, P = 0.0381) higher depression score, 1.02 (se = 0.47, P = 0.0327) higher anxiety score, 2.06 (se = 0.76, P = 0.0075) higher anxiety score at baseline. One % of non-trunk body fat percentage was associated with 2.60 (se = 1.02, P = 0.0116) lower anxiety score, as trunk body fat % is controlled. Baseline body fat composition parameters were not associated with the temporal changes in mood scores. The significance patterns were similar after adjusting for baseline physical activity level, assessed by International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Conclusions Breakfast habits and body composition, especially trunk body fat, was associated with university-based young adults’ emotional health status. Funding Sources Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan.

scholarly journals Adipocytokines and Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Schizophrenia

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 410
Author(s):  
Irina A. Mednova ◽  
Anastasiia S. Boiko ◽  
Elena G. Kornetova ◽  
Daria A. Parshukova ◽  
Arkadiy V. Semke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Pathophysiological Role ◽  
Fat Composition ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Total Fat

The adipokines leptin, adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) might be associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in patients with schizophrenia. In the present study, we attempted to confirm the results of previous reports and assessed their MetS-related correlation with body fat composition and biochemical parameters. We measured in 46 patients with schizophrenia and MetS serum levels of adiponectin insulin, leptin, TNF-α and IL-6 and compared these levels to those of patients with schizophrenia without MetS. The MetS patients had significantly increased leptin levels and leptin/adiponectin ratios, as well as decreased adiponectin levels. Leptin levels correlated with several metabolic parameters, both in patients with and without MetS, including body fat percentage, total fat fold, and body mass index (BMI). Patients without abnormal MetS components had lower levels of leptin and leptin/adiponectin ratios compared with patients who had one or two MetS components. Leptin/adiponectin ratios were higher in patients who had four rather than three MetS components. Multiple regression analysis revealed multiple associations for leptin but only one for adiponectin, TNF-α, and IL-6. Our results support an important pathophysiological role for leptin more than adiponectin in patients with schizophrenia with MetS.

Validation of predictive equations against DXA for estimation of body fat composition in Vietnamese children

MedPharmRes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Thanh V. Kim ◽  
Tam M. Do ◽  
Thanh T.K. Tran ◽  
Xuan M. Ngo ◽  
Hong K. Tang
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Urban District ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Childhood overweight and obesity are becoming more pronounced in Vietnam, so an assessment tool of high efficiency in the community is warranted. This study sought to validate skinfold thickness (SFT) equations for estimation of body fatness by Goran and Slaughter against DXA to aid in assessing obesity. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 144 healthy children (ages 6-17) who were conveniently sampled from schools within an urban district. Their anthropometric measurements (height, weight, and SFT) and DXA whole-body results were taken to record body fat percentage (BF%). Bland-Altman analysis and correlation between bias and body fat were employed to understand the agreement between results from each equation and DXA whole body. Result: BF% was 32.2 ± 7.6% (mean ± SD). 52.8% of the children were overweight or obese. Bland-Altman plots showed that all four SFT equations had wide limits of agreement (LOAs) and largely underestimated the reference BF% by up to 8.90%. Goran equation predicted better when BF% decreased, whereas Slaughter equations produced less bias when there was more body fat. Conclusion: The prevalence rate of overweight and obesity has become alarming. Besides, Goran and Slaughter equations cannot be used as alternatives for DXA scanning to measure body fat due to their underestimation.

scholarly journals Skinfold thickness and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension: an analysis of the PERU MIGRANT study

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Ruiz-Alejos ◽  
Rodrigo M Carrillo-Larco ◽  
J Jaime Miranda ◽  
Robert H Gilman ◽  
Liam Smeeth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Urban Migrants ◽  
Incidence Analysis

AbstractObjective:To determine the association between excess body fat, assessed by skinfold thickness, and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hypertension (HT).Design:Data from the ongoing PERU MIGRANT Study were analysed. The outcomes were T2DM and HT, and the exposure was skinfold thickness measured in bicipital, tricipital, subscapular and suprailiac areas. The Durnin–Womersley formula and SIRI equation were used for body fat percentage estimation. Risk ratios and population attributable fractions (PAF) were calculated using Poisson regression.Setting:Rural (Ayacucho) and urban shantytown district (San Juan de Miraflores, Lima) in Peru.Participants:Adults (n 988) aged ≥30 years (rural, rural-to-urban migrants, urban) completed the baseline study. A total of 785 and 690 were included in T2DM and HT incidence analysis, respectively.Results:At baseline, age mean was 48·0 (sd 12·0) years and 47 % were males. For T2DM, in 7·6 (sd 1·3) years, sixty-one new cases were identified, overall incidence of 1·0 (95 % CI 0·8, 1·3) per 100 person-years. Bicipital and subscapular skinfolds were associated with 2·8-fold and 6·4-fold risk of developing T2DM. On the other hand, in 6·5 (sd 2·5) years, overall incidence of HT was 2·6 (95 % CI 2·2, 3·1) per 100 person-years. Subscapular and overall fat obesity were associated with 2·4- and 2·9-fold risk for developing HT. The PAF for subscapular skinfold was 73·6 and 39·2 % for T2DM and HT, respectively.Conclusions:We found a strong association between subscapular skinfold thickness and developing T2DM and HT. Skinfold assessment can be a laboratory-free strategy to identify high-risk HT and T2DM cases.

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