scholarly journals The Effects of Neuromuscular Stabilization on Increasing the Functionality and Mobility of the Locomotor System

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoran Milić
Keyword(s):  
General Concept ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Rehabilitation Process ◽  
Locomotor System ◽  
Core Stabilization ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Flexor Muscles ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Training Concept ◽  
Spinal Muscles

The general concept of dynamic neuromuscular stabilization (DNS) is, among other things, directly aimed at core stabilization as well as proper and “stable breathing”. DNS is based on the integration of the stabilization system which is mainly composed of intersegmental spinal muscles, deep neck flexor muscles, the diaphragm, abdominal muscles, and the pelvis. Although it is a relatively recent rehabilitation and training concept, a lot of researchers focus on DNS due to its positive effects. The review started with the hypothesis that the DNS concept achieves high and positive results on the locomotor system in terms of better core stabilization, increasing the functionality of the locomotor system and quickening the rehabilitation process. The method included searching Google Scholar, PubMed and Web of Science for scientific material. Out of 50 reviewed scientific papers, the sample was consisted of 12 papers that are, according to their research topic, compatible with the review in question. The results of the review indicate that the DNS concept has positive effects on the functionality of the locomotor system.

scholarly journals Te Pikinga O Tōku Tuakiri: The ascent of self-identity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Ariana Pia
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
General Concept ◽  
General Context ◽  
Cultural Experience ◽  
Rehabilitation Process ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Interior Architecture ◽  
History Of ◽  
A Site ◽  
The Given

<p>This research questions whether considering Māori concepts of architecture and space within the design of New Zealand prisons can help in the rehabilitation process of inmates of Māori descent.   First, the general concept of prison architecture will be researched. The panopticon as a general diagram as well as specific case studies will frame an understanding of the characteristics of prison architecture in the western sphere. A specific attention to interior architecture will be established.  Second, the link between cultural experience and rehabilitation will be distinguished primarily through analysis of Māori Focus Units.  Third, the notions of Māori perception and understanding of architectural space will be explored in a general context. More particularly, characteristics of interior architecture will be researched.  Fourth, a site will be selected to reflect the contentious issues of incarceration of the Māori population. Matiu/Somes Island, located in the Wellington harbour, is a reflection of historical Māori culture and lifestyles that form a base of beliefs and mythology that modern Māori can identify with. The island itself is a provocation due to its history of incarceration.  This thesis is of interior architecture; hence the design will be developed within the constraints of a given architectural envelope. While this is an assumed position, the interior architecture will challenge the given envelope and its contextual site. As a consequence, further interventions into the landscape and the architecture will be developed to sustain the interior architecture here developed.  It is anticipated that this research will therefore support the idea that interior architecture of New Zealand prisons must be developed as an integral part of a holistic spatial intervention in view of supporting the rehabilitation process of Māori inmates.</p>

scholarly journals Te Pikinga O Tōku Tuakiri: The ascent of self-identity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Ariana Pia
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
General Concept ◽  
General Context ◽  
Cultural Experience ◽  
Rehabilitation Process ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Interior Architecture ◽  
History Of ◽  
A Site ◽  
The Given

<p>This research questions whether considering Māori concepts of architecture and space within the design of New Zealand prisons can help in the rehabilitation process of inmates of Māori descent.   First, the general concept of prison architecture will be researched. The panopticon as a general diagram as well as specific case studies will frame an understanding of the characteristics of prison architecture in the western sphere. A specific attention to interior architecture will be established.  Second, the link between cultural experience and rehabilitation will be distinguished primarily through analysis of Māori Focus Units.  Third, the notions of Māori perception and understanding of architectural space will be explored in a general context. More particularly, characteristics of interior architecture will be researched.  Fourth, a site will be selected to reflect the contentious issues of incarceration of the Māori population. Matiu/Somes Island, located in the Wellington harbour, is a reflection of historical Māori culture and lifestyles that form a base of beliefs and mythology that modern Māori can identify with. The island itself is a provocation due to its history of incarceration.  This thesis is of interior architecture; hence the design will be developed within the constraints of a given architectural envelope. While this is an assumed position, the interior architecture will challenge the given envelope and its contextual site. As a consequence, further interventions into the landscape and the architecture will be developed to sustain the interior architecture here developed.  It is anticipated that this research will therefore support the idea that interior architecture of New Zealand prisons must be developed as an integral part of a holistic spatial intervention in view of supporting the rehabilitation process of Māori inmates.</p>

Comparison of core stabilization techniques on ultrasound imaging of the diaphragm, and core muscle thickness and external abdominal oblique muscle electromyography activity

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jaejin Lee ◽  
Dohyun Kim ◽  
Yoonkyum Shin ◽  
Chunghwi Yi ◽  
Hyeseon Jeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
Core Stability ◽  
Oblique Muscle ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Amplitude Analysis ◽  
Core Stabilization ◽  
Co Activation ◽  
Pressure Biofeedback

BACKGROUND: To restore core stability, abdominal drawing-in maneuver (ADIM), abdominal bracing (AB), and dynamic neuromuscular stabilization (DNS) have been employed but outcome measures varied and one intervention was not superior over another. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the differential effects of ADIM, AB, and DNS on diaphragm movement, abdominal muscle thickness difference, and external abdominal oblique (EO) electromyography (EMG) amplitude. METHODS: Forty-one participants with core instability participated in this study. The subjects performed ADIM, AB, and DNS in random order. A Simi Aktisys and Pressure Biofeedback Unit (PBU) were utilized to measure core stability, an ultrasound was utilized to measure diaphragm movement and measure abdominal muscles thickness and EMG was utilized to measure EO amplitude. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted at P< 0.05. RESULTS: Diaphragm descending movement and transverse abdominis (TrA) and internal abdominal oblique (IO) thickness differences were significantly increased in DNS compared to ADIM and AB (P< 0.05). EO amplitude was significantly increased in AB compared to ADIM, and DNS. CONCLUSIONS: DNS was the best technique to provide balanced co-activation of the diaphragm and TrA with relatively less contraction of EO and subsequently producing motor control for efficient core stabilization.

scholarly journals The Effect of Abdominal and Spinal Muscles Fatigue in Spinal Postures

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Fatigue ◽  
Pelvic Tilt ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Spinal Curvatures ◽  
Trunk Inclination ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Spinal Muscles

Background: A Pre/Post-Test Cohort investigating the effect of spinal and abdominal muscles fatigue on spinal curvatures. Method and Results: The effect of spinal and abdominal muscle fatigue on pelvic tilt, trunk inclination and the lordotic angle, and on the rotation of the T6, L2 and L4 vertebras was investigated in 10 healthy individuals. Abdominal and spinal muscles fatigue had a significant effect (p <0.05) on pelvic tilt, trunk inclination and lordotic angle. Conclusion: Application of simple and quick fatigue tests resulted in changes in all static parameters (pelvic tilt, trunk inclination and lordotic angle) as measured by the DIERS system.

scholarly journals Deconstructing AMO framework: a systematic review

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan A. Marin-Garcia ◽  
Juan Martinez Tomas
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Measures Of Performance ◽  
Shed Light

Purpose: The AMO framework has been widely accepted in HRM literature for explaining the linkage between human resources practices and performance. However, it remains unclear whether this model has been fully demonstrated or not. Hence, we propose a systematic review that aims at identifying those investigations that have thoroughly tested the model, as well as the approaches used by them.Design/methodology/approach: Systematic literature review, filtering scientific papers published in journals indexed in Scopus, Web of Science or Google Scholar, from the year 1993 to 2016, in the field of Social Sciences and Humanities with research that indirectly apply the AMO model in their analysis.Findings: AMO model is an excellent and structured framework that provides a better understanding of the relationship between HRM and performance. Moreover, the effectiveness of the model's proposal appears to be beyond doubt. In fact, a well trained and skilled employee will perform better, and a motivated worker will be ready to "go the extra mile". Likewise, if the work environment does not provide adequate opportunities, both abilities and motivation might become meaningless. However, we consider that many other factors could influence the positive effects of HPWS. As a matter of fact, not only contextual factors, but also individual beliefs, personal affinities, or personal circumstances (among others) might affect the implementation of these practices and the subsequent outcomes. For this reason, we consider that developing an HRM model that perfectly fit any situation is a very complicated, if not impossible, task.Research limitations/implications: The results show a significant variability in both research approaches and variables taken into consideration. In addition, it seems that little research has been conducted to verify the AMO model directly. Therefore, we consider that there is a great need to study the model from a more systematic perspective. A thorough understanding of the model could lead to a better understanding of the problems that organizations face when implementing human resource practices.Originality/value: Our study shed light on some aspects of the AMO framework within the HRM context. Specifically, we aimed to identify whether or not it is possible to confirm the model as it was originally proposed. We also find out which HR practices and measures of performance were considered across investigations, to define a standard approach.

Simple System for Supporting Learning of Human Motion Capabilities

2014 ◽  
Vol 555 ◽  
pp. 673-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Wójcik ◽  
Joanna Golec ◽  
Marcin Piekarczyk ◽  
Elżbieta Szczygieł
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Automatic System ◽  
Minimum Distance ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Sensor Signal ◽  
Micro Electro Mechanical Systems ◽  
Rehabilitation Process ◽  
Locomotor System ◽  
Multidimensional Signal

The paper presents an idea of the automatic system which is capable of improving the rehabilitation process of people suffering from diseases of locomotor system, and is able to enhance a person’s learning the motion skills. The simplest form of the system consists of a MEMS (Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems) sensor which detects movements of parts of the human body. The article describes possible methods of classification of the sensor signal. As a result of this process, the system sends to the training person a message concerning appropriate correction of his motion. The authors assert that the system, using even unsophisticated hardware (one sensor integrated with a microcontroller) and a simple minimum distance classifier, is able to improve the rehabilitation or the learning process. The article attempts to articulate the main conditions determining an increasing of the efficiency of the proposed idea. Namely: creation of a communication standard between sensors and the host computer used by a physician/teacher, and taking into account the whole multidimensional signal provided by MEMS (3-axis accelerometer, gyroscope and magnetometer).

scholarly journals Implementation of virtual reality based treatment of motor disorders in children with cerebral palsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-126
Author(s):  
Šaša Stanisavljević ◽  
Goran Nedović
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Motor Disorders ◽  
Interactive Simulation ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Therapeutic Procedures

Introduction. Virtual reality is a computer-generated interactive simulation of reality that provides a wide range of possibilities for creating a beneficial therapeutic program. The use of virtual reality systems in the rehabilitation of motor disorders in children with cerebral palsy is relatively recent. Objective. Accordingly, the aim of this review is to establish the level of effectiveness of rehabilitation interventions based on virtual reality systems in the treatment of children with cerebral palsy, based on the available literature. Methods. The initial search identified 63 scientific papers (research reports). By applying the selection criteria, nine papers were selected that met the given criteria and thus entered the further process of analysis. During the analysis, special attention was paid to: the outcomes of therapeutic procedures (the achieved results); and the analysis of the selection criteria of virtual reality systems to be used in the rehabilitation and accessibility of these systems for commercial and clinical applications. Results. Contradictory results have been found based on the analysis of the levels of effectiveness of rehabilitation interventions. In addition to studies that testify to the unequivocally positive effects of the application of virtual reality in the rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy, there are also those in which it is evident that this effect is absent. Conclusion. The general conclusion of this paper is that virtual reality systems have great potential for application in the field of rehabilitation of motor disorders, but also that this area is still not sufficiently researched and requires further engagement to go one step further to justify or challenge their application.

Study of Cutaneous Reflex Compensation During Locomotion After Nerve Section in the Cat

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. 4173-4185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geneviève Bernard ◽  
Laurent Bouyer ◽  
Janyne Provencher ◽  
Serge Rossignol
Keyword(s):  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Locomotor System ◽  
Plantar Surface ◽  
Threshold Response ◽  
Cutaneous Reflex ◽  
Reflex Pathways ◽  
Flexor Muscles ◽  
Reflex Compensation ◽  
Central Reorganization ◽  
Stimulation Of

In the cat, section of all cutaneous nerves of the hindfeet except the tibial (Tib) nerve supplying the plantar surface results in a long-lasting decrease in the intensity of Tib stimulation needed for a threshold response in flexor muscles and an increase in the amplitude of the phase-dependent responses recorded in various muscles during locomotion. Stimulating through chronically implanted nerve cuffs ensured a stable stimulation over time. The increase in reflex amplitude was well above the small increase in the amplitude of the locomotor bursts themselves that results from the denervation. Short latency responses (P1) were seen in flexor muscles, especially at the knee (semitendinosus) and ankle (tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus), with stimuli applied in the swing phase and also to a lesser degree in the later part of the cycle. Longer latency responses (P2) were increased in hip, knee, and ankle flexors, as well as in a contralateral extensor (vastus lateralis) when applied in late stance. Responses evoked from stimulating the proximal end of sectioned nerves were not larger than before neurectomy. This suggests that the increased responsiveness to Tib stimulation is not simply caused by an increase in motoneuron excitability, because this would have resulted in a nonspecific increase of responses to stimulation of any nerve. It is concluded that the adult locomotor system is capable of central reorganization to enhance specific remaining cutaneous reflex pathways after a partial cutaneous denervation of the paw.

scholarly journals General Concept of Re-Framing Urban Resilience

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 ◽  
pp. 95-116
Author(s):  
Paweł Gromek
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Urban Resilience ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
The World ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
State Of Art ◽  
New Framework

Urban resilience has a significant influence on human safety and security around the world. As the vast majority of the 21st century population lives in a hazard-networked reality, urban resilience remains under pressure of multiple factors which force a need to re-frame it. The research objective is to outline a general concept for re-framing of urban resilience with respect to gaps to be found in theory and practice of urban resilience. The methodology bases on a wide-designed literature review of international base of scientific papers. Theoretical and practical descriptions of the urban resilience problem allow to identify serious gaps that need to be taken into account. They can be transformed into requirements and ideas for new frames of urban resilience. The new framework stems from the state-of-art and, additionally, allows for the identified gaps. For those reasons, it is worthwhile to consider those frames in future investigations and in research dedicated to resilience, urban resilience, disaster risk reduction, disaster management and crisis management.

scholarly journals HELMINTHOFAUNA OF THE ERMINE (MUSTELA ERMINEA)

2019 ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Andreyanov
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Helminth Fauna ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Regional Society ◽  
Mustela Erminea ◽  
Hind Limbs ◽  
Flexor Muscles ◽  
Frontal Sinuses

The purpose of the work was to study the helminth fauna of the ermine on the territory of the Ryazan region. We studied 19 ermine heads, Mustela erminea, aged from 1 to 3 years, using the method of complete helminthological dissection. The material for the study (animal carcass) was removed from the “Shilovskoye” hunting ground of the Ryazan Regional Society of Hunters and Fishermen in the floodplain of the Oka, Pary and Ibreda rivers. Animals were harvested under one-time licenses using cup traps No. 0, 1 and live traps for small predatory animals. The period of production of the beast was 2013–2018 from October to March. The carcasses of animals were delivered to the laboratory in a chilled or frozen state. The collected worms were fixed in ethanol (70% solution) or Barbagallo liquids. Determination of the helminthological material to the species was carried out according to the determinant of helminths of predatory mammals of the USSR. As a result of research, 6 types of helminths of 3 systematic classes were identified in the ermine: 2 types of trematodes, 3 types of nematodes and one type of scrapers. Two species of trematodes were identified – Euparyphium melis and Alaria spp. larvae in the small intestine and muscle tissue (diaphragm, masseter). Among the nematodes, 3 species are represented – Capillaria putorii, Skrjabingylus petrowi and large larvae Larvae migrans spp. (3.5–4.5 mm). Round helminths were localized in the small intestine, frontal sinuses and muscle tissue (diaphragm). Macracanthorhynchus catulinus larvae were recorded in the muscles of the diaphragm, abdominal muscles and extensor and flexor muscles of the hind limbs. The animal can be both the ultimate owner of helminthiasis, and intermediate one.

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