scholarly journals SPELT PASTA ENRICHED WITH ω-3 FATTY ACIDS

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Filipović ◽  
Vladimir Filipović ◽  
Milenko Košutić
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
New Product ◽  
Consumer Acceptability ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Technological Quality

In this paper the quality of spelt pasta with the addition of ω-3 fatty acid, which is positively contributing to thefunctional and technological changes of the product is investigated.ω-3 fatty acids are added in the quantity of 0%,0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6% based on farina. Concerning pasta quality addition of ω-3 fatty acids is related to increasedcooking time and cooking loss, as well as reduced pasta stickiness. Gas chromatography with mass spectrometry wasused for carrying out a quantitative analysis of the liposoluble pasta extract. Pasta with 0.6% ω-3 fatty acids contains0.6048 g /100 fatty acids, which positively contributes to ω-6/ω-3 fatty acid ratio in daily meal, thus meeting valuesrecommended by nutritionists. This type of pasta is a new product with good technological quality, improved fattyacids profile and sensory characteristics with consumer acceptability range.

scholarly journals Fatty Acids Produced by Neofusicoccum vitifusiforme and N. parvum, Fungi Associated with Grapevine Botryosphaeria Dieback

Agriculture ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Salvatore ◽  
Selene Giambra ◽  
Daniele Naviglio ◽  
Marina DellaGreca ◽  
Francesco Salvatore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fungal Pathogenicity ◽  
Botryosphaeria Dieback ◽  
Plant Pathogen Interaction ◽  
Abundant Fatty Acid

There is evidence that secondary metabolites are involved in the fungal pathogenicity and virulence of Neofusicoccum spp. Fatty acids may also influence the plant–pathogen interaction but, so far, no information is available on their production by species of Neofusicoccum associated with Botryosphaeria dieback, which is a well-known syndrome of several plants with a complex etiology. In the present paper, the production of fatty acids in liquid medium, by strains of N. vitifusiforme and N. parvum associated with declining Sicilian vine plants, was evaluated. Data, acquired via gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS), show the presence of linoleic acid as the most abundant fatty acid produced by both examined strains. In addition, the pathogenicity of N. vitifusiforme was tested on 2-year-old grapevine plants of cv. Inzolia.

Direct ultrasound-assisted methylation of fatty acids in serum for free fatty acid determinations

2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (9) ◽  
pp. 898-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liyan Liu ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Rennan Feng ◽  
Changhao Sun
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Ultrasonic Waves ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted

A method for simultaneous determination of 16 free fatty acids (FFAs) in serum is described. The method involves conversion of FFAs to fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) using the heat of ultrasonic waves followed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis. Optimum levels of the variables affecting the yield of FAMEs were investigated. The results indicate that the optimal levels are 55 °C, 60 W, 10% H2SO4/CH3OH, and 50 min. Recoveries ranged from 85.32% to 112.11%, with a detection limit ranging from 0.03 to 0.08 μg mL–1. The linearity, using the linear correlation coefficient, was higher than 0.9914.

scholarly journals Chemical and fatty acid composition of milk from crossbred cows subjected to feed restriction

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deiyse Alves Silva ◽  
Vicente Ribeiro Rocha Júnior ◽  
José Reinaldo Mendes Ruas ◽  
Pedro Felipe Santana ◽  
Luana Alcântara Borges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Acid Ratio

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical composition and fatty acid profile of milk from F1 Holstein/Zebu cows in different lactation periods, when receiving different levels of dietary supply in percentage of body weight. Sixty cows were evaluated, with five levels of dietary supply and three lactation periods. The levels of dietary supply had no effect on the production of milk corrected to 3.5% fat (12.25 kg per day). There was also no effect of dietary supply levels, in the different lactation periods, on contents of fat (3.34%), protein (3.41%), lactose (4.60%), total solids (12.0%), defatted dry extract (8.80%), and urinary nitrogen (14.5 mg dL-1), nor on somatic cell count (89.98 mL-1). As the dietary supply level was reduced, the sum of saturated fatty acids in milk was decreased in up to 9.15% and that of monounsaturated fatty acids was increased in up to 25.28%. Feed restriction does not alter the chemical composition of milk, but improves its quality of fat by reducing saturated fatty acid content, increasing the concentration of monounsaturated and desirable fatty acids in up to 54%, and increasing the hypo- and hypercholesterolemic fatty acid ratio in up to 168.97%.

scholarly journals Fatty acid profiles, cholesterol composition, and nutritional quality indices of 37 commonly consumed local foods in Kuwait in relation to cardiovascular health

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanan A. Al-Amiri ◽  
Nisar Ahmed ◽  
Tahani Al-Sharrah
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Acid Ratio

AbstractDietary fatty acids and cholesterol content are proved, by many research studies, to be associated with various health conditions, including cardiovascular health. Knowledge of the composition of these nutrients in food is essential for proper planning of health programs. The present study aimed at assessing the fatty acid profile, fatty acid nutritional quality, and cholesterol composition of 37 foods commonly consumed in the State of Kuwait and the potential impact of these foods on cardiovascular risk. Fatty acid profile was determined by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector into four types: saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, and trans fatty acids. Nutritional quality was calculated using the atherogenic index, thrombogenic index, hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic fatty acid ratio, polyunsaturated fatty acid/ saturated fatty acid ratio, and n-3/n-6 fatty acids ratio. Determination of cholesterol was performed by gas chromatography. Saturated fatty acid levels ranged from 0.01–21.83, monounsaturated fatty acids 0.01–25.51, and 0.013–22.87 g/100 g edible portion of food. The predominant fatty acids identified in all studied foods were C18:2c (n-3), C16:0, and C18:1c, with values 0.45–56.52, 10.12–44.90, and 16.99–42.56% of total fatty acids, respectively. The trans fatty acid content was low in all foods. Cholesterol levels varied between traces (<0.05) and 454.79 mg/100 g edible portions of food. Results show that seafood, rice-based, seed-based, and vegetable-based foods had better nutritional quality in terms of the fatty acids content, as indicated by the polyunsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid and n-3/n-6 ratios, low thrombogenicity indices, and high hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic fatty acid ratios. Cholesterol and fatty acid data obtained in the present study will be of special interest for many studies, including nutrition-related health research, and will help policymakers in proper strategies for health programs.

scholarly journals Improved Stable Isotope Dilution-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Method for Serum or Plasma Free 3-Hydroxy-Fatty Acids and Its Utility for the Study of Disorders of Mitochondrial Fatty Acid β-Oxidation

2000 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia M Jones ◽  
Rebecca Quinn ◽  
Paul V Fennessey ◽  
Susan Tjoa ◽  
Stephen I Goodman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Isotope Dilution ◽  
Hydroxy Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Stable Isotope Dilution ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

Abstract Background: Disorders of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) are difficult to diagnose, primarily because in many of the FAO disorders measurable biochemical intermediates accumulate in body fluids only during acute illness. Increased concentrations of 3-hydroxy-fatty acids (3-OH-FAs) in the blood are indicative of FAO disorders of the long- and short-chain 3-hydroxy-acyl-CoA dehydrogenases, LCHAD and SCHAD. We describe a serum/plasma assay for the measurement of 3-OH-FAs with carbon chain lengths from C6 to C16. Methods: We used stable isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with electron impact ionization and selected ion monitoring. Natural and isotope-labeled compounds were synthesized for the assay. Results: The assay was linear from 0.2 to 50 μmol/L for all six 3-OH-FAs. CVs were 5–15% at concentrations near the upper limits seen in healthy subjects. In 43 subjects, the medians (and ranges) in μmol/L were as follows: 3-OH-C6, 0.8 (0.3–2.2); 3-OH-C8, 0.4 (0.2–1.0); 3-OH-C10, 0.3 (0.2–0.6); 3-OH-C12, 0.3 (0.2–0.6); 3-OH-C14, 0.2 (0.0–0.4); and 3-OH-C16, 0.2 (0.0–0.5). 3-OH-FAs were increased in infants receiving formula containing medium chain triglycerides. Two patients diagnosed with LCHAD deficiency showed marked increases in 3-OH-C14 and 3-OH-C16 concentrations. Two patients diagnosed with SCHAD deficiency showed increased shorter chain 3-OH-FAs but no increases in 3-OH-C14 to 3-OH-C16. Conclusion: Measuring blood concentrations of the 3-OH-FAs with this assay may be a valuable tool for helping to rapidly identify deficiencies in LCHAD and SCHAD and may also provide useful information about the status of the FAO pathway.

scholarly journals Composition Characterization of Fatty Acid Zinc Salts by Chromatographic and NMR Spectroscopic Analyses on Their Fatty Acid Methyl Esters

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Kwang Seo Park ◽  
Yun Ju Kim ◽  
Eun Kyung Choe
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Zinc Salts

To implement EU REACH- (Registration, Evaluation, and Authorization of Chemicals-) like chemical legislations in various countries of which the purpose is human and environment safety, the first step is substance identification followed by the hazard and risk assessments. Although both structural and composition identifications are required, the latter can more importantly result in the essential data to fill out the required substance information such as purity and concentrations of constituents, as well as impurities. With fatty acid zinc salts (FAZSs) as an exemplary industrial chemical of which chromatographic and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses were impossible due to their insolubility in water and any organic solvents, the composition characterization was tried by preparing their fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) using the conc. HCl/methanol/toluene method. This acid-catalyzed methyl esterification was optimized with zinc stearate as a surrogate substance. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and NMR analyses on methyl-esterified products revealed that the optimum conditions were at 90°C for 10 min or 45°C for 30 min with two equivalent HCl as well as at 45°C for 10 min with five equivalent HCl. Almost all zinc stearates were converted into the corresponding fatty acids with 97–99% conversion rates. Free fatty acids (FFAs) were detected in extracted ion chromatograms of pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) in the methyl-esterified products with incomplete conversions of 73∼79%. The optimized conc. HCl/methanol/toluene method of direct one-step reaction from FAZSs was compared with the two-step NaOH saponification/BF3-methanol method after acidic hydrolysis of FAZSs. The mechanism of fatty acid zinc salts into free fatty acids and fatty acid methyl esters was suggested with the evidence of the formation of Zn(OH)2.

scholarly journals Fatty Acid Composition of Juniperus Species (Juniperus Section) Native to Turkey

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayşegül Güvenç ◽  
Nurgün Küçükboyacι ◽  
Ahmet Ceyhan Gören
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Seed Oils ◽  
Juniperonic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Patterns ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions

Fatty acid compositions of seeds of five taxa of the Juniperus section of the genus Juniperus L. (Cupressaceae), i. e. J. drupacea Lab., J. communis L. var. communis, J. communis var. saxatilis Pall., J. oxycedrus L. subsp. oxycedrus, and J. oxycedrus subsp. macrocarpa (Sibth. & Sm.) Ball, were investigated. Methyl ester derivatized fatty acids of the lipophylic extracts of the five species were comparatively analyzed by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Juniperus taxa showed uniform fatty acid patterns, among which linoleic (25.8–32.5%), pinolenic (11.9–24.1%) and oleic acids (12.4–17.2%) were determined to be the main fractions in the seed oils. Juniperonic acid was found to be remarkably high in J. communis var. saxatilis (11.4 %), J. oxycedrus subsp. oxycedrus (10.4 %), and J. communis var. communis (10.1 %). To the best of our knowledge, the present work discloses the first report on the fatty acid compositions of seeds of this Juniperus section grown in Turkey.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Non-polar Composition in Plumbago Zeylanica Leaves by Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry

Folia Medica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-313
Author(s):  
Jayesh Dhalani ◽  
Gaurang Dubal ◽  
Chirag Rathod ◽  
Pankaj Nariya
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Plumbago Zeylanica ◽  
Acid Methyl

Background:Plumbago zeylanica plant belongs to Plumbaginaceae. The plant is reported for many pharmacological activities. Aim: The objective of the study was to identify fatty acids and non-polar chemical compounds in Plumbago zeylanica leaves. Materials and methods: Petroleum ether extract was prepared using soxhlet apparatus. Saponifiable and unsaponifiable matter was separated with saponification process. To identify fatty acids in saponifiable matter further esterification was performed. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry analysis was performed of both saponifiable and unsaponifiable fractions. All the fatty acid methyl esters and non-polar chemical compounds were identified using NIST library data. Results: A total of 14 compounds were identified with comparison of NIST data. From that, 8 fatty acid methyl esters and 6 non-polar chemical compounds were identified. Here we have analyzed fatty acids and non-polar chemical compounds by the same GC-MS method. Conclusions: The present analysis showed that Plumbago Zeylanica leaves contain 8 fatty acids and 6 non-polar chemical compounds. Principal determination of the research was development of efficient method to identify non-polar compound from plant by single injection using chromatographic technique.

scholarly journals Automated Trimethyl Sulfonium Hydroxide Derivatization Method for High-Throughput Fatty Acid Profiling by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (20) ◽  
pp. 6246
Author(s):  
Paul Gries ◽  
Atul Singh Rathore ◽  
Xiyuan Lu ◽  
Jennifer Chiou ◽  
Yen Bao Huynh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Sample Handling ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiling

Fatty acid profiling on gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) platforms is typically performed offline by manually derivatizing and analyzing small batches of samples. A GC–MS system with a fully integrated robotic autosampler can significantly improve sample handling, standardize data collection, and reduce the total hands-on time required for sample analysis. In this study, we report an optimized high-throughput GC–MS-based methodology that utilizes trimethyl sulfonium hydroxide (TMSH) as a derivatization reagent to convert fatty acids into fatty acid methyl esters. An automated online derivatization method was developed, in which the robotic autosampler derivatizes each sample individually and injects it into the GC–MS system in a high-throughput manner. This study investigated the robustness of automated TMSH derivatization by comparing fatty acid standards and lipid extracts, derivatized manually in batches and online automatically from four biological matrices. Automated derivatization improved reproducibility in 19 of 33 fatty acid standards, with nearly half of the 33 confirmed fatty acids in biological samples demonstrating improved reproducibility when compared to manually derivatized samples. In summary, we show that the online TMSH-based derivatization methodology is ideal for high-throughput fatty acid analysis, allowing rapid and efficient fatty acid profiling, with reduced sample handling, faster data acquisition, and, ultimately, improved data reproducibility.

scholarly journals FATTY ACID COMPOSITION IN BUCKWHEAT (FAGOPYRUM ESCULENTUM M.) FLOURS AND THEIR EXTRUDED PRODUCTS

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gita KRUMINA-ZEMTURE ◽  
Ilze BEITANE
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Trans Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Quality Of Food ◽  
Extruded Products ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid Ratio

Lipids compose a small part of buckwheat seed, but they play an important role in the quality of food. The aim of this study was to evaluate the composition and content of fatty acids in different buckwheat flours (raw, roasted, white, black and germinated) and their extruded products. Fatty acids were quantified by gas chromatography according to the BIOR-T-012-131-2011 method. The prevalence of unsaturated fatty acids was determined which varied between 78.7 and 82.0 g 100 g-1 of fat in buckwheat samples. Linoleic and oleic acids were the most abundant unsaturated fatty acids, whereas palmitic acid was the main saturated fatty acid in buckwheat flours and their extruded products. Unsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio was determined within 3.69 and 4.56, whereas linoleic/α-linolenic acid ratio was between 13.54 and 16.04. No trans-fatty acids in buckwheat flours and their extruded products were observed. The results showed that germination and extrusion of buckwheat flours did not have any effect on the content and composition of fatty acids (p>0.05).

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