Stress Control for Military, Law Enforcement, and First Responders: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
First Responders ◽  
Stress Control ◽  
Military Law

scholarly journals Free-Living Dietary Intake in Tactical Personnel and Implications for Nutrition Practice: A Systematic Review

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3502
Author(s):  
Kristen L. MacKenzie-Shalders ◽  
Angela V. Tsoi ◽  
Ka Wing Lee ◽  
Charlene Wright ◽  
Gregory R. Cox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Optimal Health ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Military Law ◽  
Nutrition And Dietetics

Tactical personnel (including military, law enforcement, and fire and rescue) are responsible for ensuring national and public safety. Dietary intake is an important consideration to support optimal health and performance. The aims of this systematic review were to: (1) describe the reported free-living dietary intake (energy and macronutrients) of tactical personnel, and (2) describe the practical implications of reported dietary intakes to support the physical and dietary requirements of tactical personnel. A systematic search of databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and Web of Science) was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. English and full text research articles were identified and screened against inclusion and exclusion criteria. Demographic and dietary intake data were extracted, tabulated, and synthesized narratively. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Quality Criteria Checklist. Twenty-two studies (15 military, 4 law enforcement, and 2 fire and rescue) were eligible to inform this review. The volume of evidence suggested that tactical personnel met dietary protein and exceeded dietary fat recommendations but failed to meet energy and carbohydrate recommendations. Therefore, practical approaches to support optimized energy, fat and carbohydrate intake in tactical personnel is important.

scholarly journals Media Reports as a Tool for Timely Monitoring of COVID-19–Related Deaths Among First Responders—United States, April 2020

2021 ◽  
pp. 003335492199917
Author(s):  
Kaitlin Kelly-Reif ◽  
Jessica L. Rinsky ◽  
Sophia K. Chiu ◽  
Sherry Burrer ◽  
Marie A. de Perio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
First Responders ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Exposure Source ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
In Fire ◽  
Traditional Surveillance

We aimed to describe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) deaths among first responders early in the COVID-19 pandemic. We used media reports to gather timely information about COVID-19–related deaths among first responders during March 30–April 30, 2020, and evaluated the sensitivity of media scanning compared with traditional surveillance. We abstracted information about demographic characteristics, occupation, underlying conditions, and exposure source. Twelve of 19 US public health jurisdictions with data on reported deaths provided verification, and 7 jurisdictions reported whether additional deaths had occurred; we calculated the sensitivity of media scanning among these 7 jurisdictions. We identified 97 COVID-19–related first-responder deaths during the study period through media and jurisdiction reports. Participating jurisdictions reported 5 deaths not reported by the media. Sixty-six decedents worked in law enforcement, and 31 decedents worked in fire/emergency medical services. Media reports rarely noted underlying conditions. The media scan sensitivity was 88% (95% CI, 73%-96%) in the subset of 7 jurisdictions. Media reports demonstrated high sensitivity in documenting COVID-19–related deaths among first responders; however, information on risk factors was scarce. Routine collection of data on industry and occupation could improve understanding of COVID-19 morbidity and mortality among all workers.

AIDS Knowledge, Occupational Precautions, and Public Education Activities among Law Enforcement Officers and First Responders

1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 460 ◽  
Author(s):  
George A. Gellert ◽  
Roberta M. Maxwell ◽  
Kathleen V. Higgins ◽  
Rebecca Barnard ◽  
Brandon Page
Keyword(s):  
Public Education ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
First Responders ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Aids Knowledge

scholarly journals Enhancing citizens response to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: A systematic review of mobile-phone systems to alert citizens as first responders

Resuscitation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 16-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommaso Scquizzato ◽  
Ottavia Pallanch ◽  
Alessandro Belletti ◽  
Antonio Frontera ◽  
Luca Cabrini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
First Responders ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Establishing the Effectiveness of Interventions Provided to First Responders to Prevent and/or Treat Mental Health Effects of Response to a Disaster: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
W. Tyler Winders ◽  
Nirma D. Bustamante ◽  
Stephanie Chow Garbern ◽  
Corey Bills ◽  
Amin Coker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
First Responders ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Mental Health Effects

ABSTRACT Objectives: This review systematically explores the current available evidence on the effectiveness of interventions provided to first responders to prevent and/or treat the mental health effects of responding to a disaster. Methods: A systematic review of Medline, Scopus, PsycINFO, and gray literature was conducted. Studies describing the effectiveness of interventions provided to first responders to prevent and/or treat the mental health effects of responding to a disaster were included. Quality was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria, and the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist. Results: Manuscripts totaling 3869 met the initial search criteria; 25 studies met the criteria for in-depth analysis, including 22 quantitative and 3 qualitative studies; 6 were performed in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs); 18 studies evaluated a psychological intervention; of these, 13 found positive impact, 4 found no impact, and 1 demonstrated worsened symptoms after the intervention. Pre-event trainings decreased psychiatric symptoms in each of the 3 studies evaluating its effectiveness. Conclusions: This review demonstrates that there are likely effective interventions to both prevent and treat psychiatric symptoms in first responders in high-, medium-, and low-income countries.

scholarly journals The Militarization of Law Enforcement: Evidence from Latin America

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo A. Flores-Macías ◽  
Jessica Zarkin
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The United States ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Police Reform ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
Democratic Regimes ◽  
Military Law ◽  
The Military

What are the political consequences of militarizing law enforcement? Across the world, law enforcement has become increasingly militarized over the last three decades, with civilian police operating more like armed forces and soldiers replacing civilian police in law enforcement tasks. Scholarly, policy, and journalistic attention has mostly focused on the first type, but has neglected the study of three main areas toward which we seek to contribute: 1) the constabularization of the military—i.e., when the armed forces take on the responsibilities of civilian law enforcement agencies, 2) the extent to which this process has taken place outside of the United States, and 3) its political consequences. Toward this end, we unpack the concept of militarized law enforcement, develop theoretical expectations about its political consequences, take stock of militarization in Latin America, and evaluate whether expectations have played out in the region. We show that the distinction between civilian and military law enforcement typical of democratic regimes has been severely blurred in the region. Further, we argue that the constabularization of the military has had important consequences for the quality of democracy in the region by undermining citizen security, human rights, police reform, and the legal order.

Part II Commentaries to Typical Sofa Rules, 21 Military Law Enforcement

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Voetelink Joop
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
International Law ◽  
Legal Assistance ◽  
Military Cooperation ◽  
International Crisis ◽  
Police Powers ◽  
Military Law ◽  
The Right ◽  
Criminal Matters ◽  
International Crisis Management

This chapter explores the enforcement jurisdiction of Sending States in international military cooperation and international (crisis management) operations. It analyses enforcement jurisdiction and the limits on extraterritorial exercise of that jurisdiction under international law in general and also briefly addresses the concept of international legal assistance in criminal matters that allows States to deal with transnational aspects of crimes outside the framework of military cooperation and operations. The chapter then explores the scope of jurisdictional provisions in status-of-forces agreements (SOFAs). Since extraterritorial enforcement powers of States are limited, SOFAs generally include a basic provision ensuring mutual legal assistance of the States involved in carrying out criminal and other investigations. This chapter also discusses the scope of these provisions and turns to some specific powers, such as the right to exercise police powers for the purpose of maintaining (internal) order and discipline.

Describing the Mental Health Profile of First Responders: A Systematic Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Jones
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
First Responders ◽  
Psychiatric Nurses ◽  
Health Profile ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cumulative Impact ◽  
Multiple Services ◽  
Meta Analyses

BACKGROUND: First responders (FRs) are responsible for providing multiple services during various critical events. Considering the frequency, nature, and intensity of duty-related traumatic exposures, the cumulative impact on FRs’ mental health is of paramount importance. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this systematic review was to describe how duty-related trauma exposure can affect the comprehensive mental health profile of FRs, including firefighters, emergency medical technicians, and paramedics. DESIGN: Using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, a literature search was conducted using keywords related to FRs and mental health. RESULTS: Twenty-seven data-based articles met eligibility criteria and were included in this systematic review. Studies explored various mental health concerns, including posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, suicidality, anxiety, alcohol use, and sleep disturbances. CONCLUSIONS: Findings pose significant implications for psychiatric nurses in practice and research, including the need for tailored strategies to meet the mental health needs of this at-risk population.

Perceptions of Work-Life Balance Among Military Law Enforcement Personnel and their Spouses

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahlia A. Matsch ◽  
Daniel A. Sachau ◽  
Jessica Gertz ◽  
David R. Englert
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Work Life Balance ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
Law Enforcement Personnel ◽  
Military Law
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document