scholarly journals Clinical and laboratory profiles of genital ulcers (sexually transmitted diseases) in a tertiary care center in northeastern India

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-129
Author(s):  
Romita Bachaspatimayum ◽  
Zamzachin Guite ◽  
Thangjam Bijayanti Devi
Keyword(s):  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Herpes Genitalis ◽  
Tertiary Care Center ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Northeastern India ◽  
Genital Ulcers

Background: Genital ulcers are defined as breaches in the continuity of the genital mucosa and/or skin. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) that cause genital ulcer disease (GUD) are syphilis, chancroid, donovanosis, lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV), and herpes genitalis. This study aimed to investigate the clinical and laboratory profiles of STI-related genital ulcers. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional two-year study was conducted on patients attending the Outpatient Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy in a tertiary care center in northeastern India. Selected were 95 patients who presented themselves with STI-related genital ulcers. Detailed history taking and examination were conducted with basic tests to assist the diagnosis. Results: The male-to-female ratio was 3.32:1, and the most common site was the glans and prepuce in males (28.77%) and the labia majora and minora in females (36.36%). 96.84% of patients had superficial ulcers. The KOH mount was positive in 26 patients. The Tzanck smear was positive in 31 patients. RPR was positive in four. HIV was positive in eleven. Herpes genitalis (96.84%) was the most common GUD. Mixed STIs were attested in 41.05% of patients. Conclusion: GUD can take various forms of presentation. The available laboratory tests should be utilized. The possibility of mixed infections should always be kept in mind.

scholarly journals Non-neoplastic Lesions of Gallbladder Among Cholecystectomy Specimens of a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (242) ◽  
pp. 834-838
Author(s):  
Dilasma Ghartimagar ◽  
Manish Kiran Shrestha ◽  
Adarsh Jhunjhunwala ◽  
Arnab Ghosh ◽  
Sushma Thapa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Tertiary Care Center ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Neoplastic Lesions

Introduction: Gallbladder diseases are prevalent worldwide and present with a diverse histopathological spectrum. Mucosal irritation and chronic inflammation is considered as an important etiological factor for the mechanical or functional dysfunction of emptying of the gallbladder. This study aims to find the prevalence of non-neoplastic lesions of gallbladder among cholecystectomy specimens of a tertiary care center. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, of a tertiary care center from January 2005 to December 2020. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee. All the patients who had undergone cholecystectomy procedures which showed non-neoplastic lesions were enrolled in the study. Convenient sampling was done. Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21 and Microsoft Excel were used for data analysis. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion forbinary data. Results: Out of 4914 cholecystectomy specimens, 4852 (98.73%) (95% Confidence Interval= 98.42- 99.04) were non-neoplastic lesions. There were 1252 (25.8%) males and 3600 (74.2%) females with a male to female ratio of 1:2.87. Age ranged from 2 to 89 years with a mean age of 45±14.48 years. Gallbladder lesions were observed maximum in age group 41-50 years with 1200 (24.7%) cases. Among the non-neoplastic lesions, cholecystitis without any specific finding was the most common finding with 3028 (62.4%) cases followed by cholelithiasis with 1478 (30.5%) cases. Conclusions: The prevalence of non-neoplastic lesions of gallbladder is similar to other studies done in similar setings. Female predominance was noted in non-neoplastic lesions.

scholarly journals Moderate Hydronephrosis among Acute Ureteral Calculus on Ultrasonographic Imaging in a Tertiary Care Center in Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (244) ◽  
pp. 1252-1255
Author(s):  
Dipesh Paudel ◽  
Deepak Adhikari ◽  
Radha Devi Dhakal
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ureteral Calculus ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Tertiary Care Center ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio

Introduction: Ureteric calculi are lying at any point of ureter from the pelvic ureteric junction to the vesicoureteral junction. If left untreated, ureteropelvic junction obstruction can lead to hydronephrosis. With the improved availability of computed tomography and ultrasound scanning, hydronephrosis is being diagnosed more frequently. The main aim of this study is to find out the prevalence of moderate Hydronephrosis among ureteral calculus on ultrasonography imaging in a tertiary care center of Nepal. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 110 acute ureteral calculus cases at Radiodiagnosis and Imaging Department of Chitwan Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Bharatpur from 15th August 2020 to 15th May 2021. The ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee of same institution. Convenient sampling technique was used to select the participant. . The collected data was entered in excel 16 and analysed in Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was done and frequency and percentage were calculated Results: Out of the 110 cases of acute ureteral calculus, 31 (28.2%) (19.79-36.60 at 95% Confidence Interval) has moderate hydronephrosis in the ultrasonographic imaging. The mean age of participants was 31.61±8.51 years and male to female ratio was 1.97:1. Vesicoureteric junction was the most common site for ureteric calculus 39 (35.5%). Conclusions: The ultrasound is an easy method to be applied, and a fast one to help and diagnose obstructive hydronephrosis. The main causes of hydronephrosis are kidney stones, followed by ureteral stones, with a moderate degree of hydronephrosis.

scholarly journals Head Injury in Nepal: An Institutional Based Prospective Study on Clinical Profile, Management and Early Outcome of Traumatic Brain Injury in Eastern Part of Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 750-754
Author(s):  
Prakash Kafle ◽  
Babita Khanal ◽  
Dipak Kumar Yadav ◽  
Deepak Poudel ◽  
Tejendra Karki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Tertiary Care Center ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Early Outcome

Introduction: Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are among the worst consequences and are the major causes of death and disability worldwide. It is considered as silent epidemics affecting individuals of all the ages and one of the major burden of neorological disease. Hence, TBIs are often overlooked and are sometimes called “the neglected disease of modern society”. Presenting GCS is the best predictor of outcome. Objective: The present study aims to portray the epidemiology, clinical profile, its management, early outcome and to evaluate the outcome predictors in a tertiary care center in eastern part of Nepal. Methodology: This is a prospective cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of Neurosurgery, Nobel Medical College Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal over the period of 1 year (October, 2016 - December 2017). The primary objective of this study was to review the etiology, clinical profile and early outcome of patients with TBI. Results: During the study period, 1056 patients with head injuries were studied. Of these 202 cases required surgical intervention and 32 were excluded. Mean age of the study population was 38.7 years with the male to female ratio of 3.49:1. Road traffic accident was the most common cause of TBI (76%). Overall mortality rate was 11.17%. Unfavorable GOS at discharge was 43.5% and 26.1% at three months follow-up. Conclusion: TBI continues to be a significant burden of neurosurgical care in major neurosurgical centers in Nepal. This study contributes data on the etiology and clinical profile of patients with TBI from tertiary care center of Nepal.

GASTRIC CANCER: A 5 YEAR RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF CLINICAL, PATHOLOGICAL AND TREATMENT ASPECTS FROM A TERTIARY CARE CENTER IN SOUTH INDIA.

2021 ◽  
pp. 129-132
Author(s):  
B. Ramkumar ◽  
J. Kannan ◽  
Ingersal. N ◽  
Srigopal mohanty ◽  
Amit saklani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
South India ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Tumor Location ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
Tertiary Care Center ◽  
Nodal Disease ◽  
Female Ratio

Context: Gastric cancer(GC) is fth most common cancer worldwide. Mostly presents with advanced stage and poor overall survival. Methods: Retrospective study on clinical, pathological, pattern of distant metastasis(DM) , treatment aspect of GC treated between January 2014 to December 2018 in a tertiary care center in south India. Statistical analysis : Chi square test and multivariate analysis (MVA) were used for analysis. P <0.05 was considered signicant. Results: Median age at diagnosis is 57 years. Higher male : female ratio. Most common presentation was abdominal pain followed vomiting. Malignant Gastric outlet obstruction(MGOO) was present in 22.7%. Histologically , all patients had adenocarcinoma with predominantly moderate differentiation (51.1%). Liver (19.1%)was most common site of metastasis . Curative surgery was done in 35.5% of patients. D2 lymph node dissection was performed in 12.4% of patient. Patients were given perioperative /preoperative/ adjuvant / palliative chemotherapy. MVA revealed history of tobacco use, body of stomach tumor location, nodal disease were risk factors for DM. Conclusion : The present analysis revealed use of tobacco, alcohol intake were main risk factors for GC. Most of the patients present in advanced stage , so prevention by avoiding risk factors and early detection by signs , symptoms and endoscopy are necessary. Use of tobacco,site of tumor location, nodal disease were factors associated with DM. Aggressive management with both surgery and chemotherapy is warranted for locally advanced disease.

scholarly journals Metabolic syndrome in alopecia areata: an observational study at a tertiary care center

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 647
Author(s):  
Subrata Kumar Das ◽  
Saptadipa Das
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Tertiary Care Center ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Laboratory Parameters ◽  
Number Of Patients

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The aim was to evaluate the parameters of metabolic syndrome (MS) in patients of alopecia areata and to investigate the possibility of an existing relationship between MS and alopecia areata (AA).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This cross-sectional observational study included 50 patients with AA who attended OPD of department of dermatology at a tertiary care center during a period of 1 year. Clinical and laboratory parameters were noted in each patient.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> This study included 50 patients with AA (33 males and 17 females). In the present study maximum number of patients belonged to the age group 20-30 years with 23 patients, followed by 30-40 years with 17  patients. Most of the study subjects, 17 were college students and number of employees were 15. Out of 50 patients 44  had patch(es) and 2 patient had alopecia totalis. In this study out of 50 patients, 38 had mild AA, 7 had AA and 5 patients had severe AA. No significant derangement of clinical and laboratory parameters of MS observed in patients of AA.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> In the present study we did not observe any significant derangement of clinical and laboratory parameters of  MS  in patients of alopecia areata.</p>

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