Building Carriage, Wagon and Motor Vehicle Bodies in the Netherlands: The 1900–40 Transition

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-208
Author(s):  
Sue-Yen Tjong Tjin Tai
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Government Agency ◽  
World War ◽  
Trade Associations ◽  
Vehicle Bodies ◽  
Developing Knowledge

During the motorisation boom in the Netherlands in the 1920s, Dutch wagonmakers started making bodies for motorised utility vehicles. Prior to this, luxury carriage builders already had made the transition to production of automobiles or the bodies for these new vehicles. For wagonmakers, the decline in demand for their traditional business and farm wagon and carts began after World War I. However, the automobile industry created many opportunities for them as well. Archival information shows that the Dutch trade associations and government agency Rijksnijverheidsdienst, played a key role in the innovation and retraining process by building a network, stimulating wagonmakers to modernise and retrain, and by transferring and developing knowledge.

Loathsome Deutschtum?

2021 ◽  
pp. 239-264
Author(s):  
Julie Hubbert
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
World War I ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Symphony Orchestra ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Democracy ◽  
World War ◽  
National Socialist ◽  
Integral Role ◽  
The Will

Much has been said about the Nazi appropriation of Wagner’s music in the 1930s and 1940s. As early as 1933, Hitler transformed the Bayreuth Festival into a celebration of National Socialist ideology and propagated miniature Wagner festivals to celebrate his own birthday. Wagner’s music also resounded throughout the culture and media at large. What has been less understood and examined, however, is how this same music was also used in nonnarrative films, newsreels, government documentaries, and industrial and advertising films of the period. Here the appropriation of Wagner is more complex and problematic. Master Hands (1936), the critically acclaimed, feature-length industrial film sponsored by the American car company Chevrolet, is an excellent example. As several film scholars have observed, the film is an artistic advertisement for the American automobile industry that borrows heavily from Riefenstahl’s Triumph of the Will. But the film’s score, a compilation full of Wagner excerpts, arranged by composer Samuel Benavie and performed by the Detroit Symphony Orchestra, about which almost nothing has been said, is equally propagandistic. By examining the music for this industrial advertisement for Chevrolet, this chapter not only re-examines the reception of Wagner in the United States between the World War I and World War II but also examines the integral role his music played in the creation of American films of persuasion. It explores the use U.S. industrial filmmakers made of Wagner’s music as an audible signifier not for German fascism but to advertise for American democracy, industry, and capitalism.

The Netherlands and World War I: Espionage, Diplomacy, and Survival

2002 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 865
Author(s):  
Piet Kamphuis ◽  
Hubert P. van Tuyll van Serooskerken
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
World War

Japan's Economic Expansion in the Netherlands Indies Between the First and Second World Wars

1989 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard Dick
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
World War ◽  
Corporate Structure ◽  
Economic Expansion ◽  
Netherlands Indies ◽  
Regional Order ◽  
Second World

Japan's economic expansion into Southeast Asia which began during World War I laid the foundations for the contemporary regional order. Based mainly upon Dutch sources, this article reviews the interwar expansion of Japanese trade, shipping and investment in Indonesia, examines its corporate structure, and considers how the phenomenon should be interpreted.

Governments and Authorities in Exile

1942 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 568-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. E. Oppenheimer
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
British Government ◽  
World War ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Legal Problems ◽  
The Face ◽  
Foreign Governments ◽  
Special Circumstances

The governments-in-exile present new problems created by the special circumstances of this war. During World War I, belligerent occupation played an important rôle. Disregarding smaller incidents, the following occupations may be mentioned: that of Belgium and parts of France by German troops; parts of White Russia by Austro-Hungarian troops; of Serbia and Macedonia by German, Austro-Hungarian and Bulgarian troops; of Rumania by German, Austro-Hungarian and Bulgarian troops; of parts of Italy by Austro-Hungarian and German troops; of parts of Austria by Russian troops; of parts of Alsace-Lorraine by French troops; and of Palestine by British troops. As a result of the invasion of its territories the Belgian Government exercised its functions in Sainte-Adresse, France, and the Serbian Government in Corfu, Greece, but it is not known that the activity of these sovereignties-in-exile has raised any significant legal problems. Since 1940 an increasing number of governments have been forced to flee their homelands in the face of hostile armed forces and have been invited by the British Government to establish themselves in the United Kingdom. We have now a “Miniature Europe” in London. There are at present eight foreign governments in England: Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Greece, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Norway, Poland and Yugoslavia.

Money, Markets, and the State: Social Democratic Policies since 1918. By Ton Notermans. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000. 312p. $59.95.

2001 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 244-245
Author(s):  
Carles Boix
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
World War I ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
World War ◽  
Money Markets ◽  
Social Democratic ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
Universal Suffrage ◽  
The Social

Notermans has written a bold and ambitious book in which he purports to explain the conditions under which social democratic policies, and therefore the social democratic project, have been successful in modern democracies. The book, which relies heavily but not exclusively on historical data, examines the ebb and flow of social democratic domi- nance in five countries-Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, and Britain-since roughly the introduction of (male) universal suffrage after World War I.

scholarly journals How did the Capital Market Evaluate Germany’s Prospects for Winning World War I? Evidence from the Amsterdam Market for Government Bonds

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias A. Jopp
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Capital Market ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Turning Points ◽  
Extended Model ◽  
World War ◽  
Government Bonds ◽  
Time Perceptions ◽  
The Military

AbstractThis study uses prices for the German 3 percent imperial loan issued in several tranches since 1890 and still traded during World War I to measure capital market players’ real-time perceptions of the prospects for Germany as the war proceeded. Price data are gathered from the Amsterdam market for government bonds; the Netherlands remained neutral throughout war. Focusing on the window from August 24th 1915 to August 11th 1919, ten (twelve) turning points are identified in a baseline (extended) model. Each implies a significant adjustment of lenders’ confidence in Germany being able, or willing, to service its debts in the future. Two turning points stand out. In early January 1916, the price plummeted by 14.3 percent between the first and eleventh of the month, which was most likely due to the Military Service Act discussed in the British parliament. On September 19th 1918, the price dropped by 17.5 percent compared to the last available price quote from the end of July. This coincides with the Allied Powers’ revival on all fronts since the summer, leading to the ultimate collapse of the German lines.

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