scholarly journals Relationship between seed dispersal and invasive plants on a revegetation slope dominated by Alnus sieboldiana Matsum.

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masato KOMUKAI ◽  
Kenji FUKUNAGA ◽  
Ryuichi TACHIBANA
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Invasive Plants ◽  
Alnus Sieboldiana

Influence of Neighboring Vegetation Height on Seed Dispersal: Implications for Invasive Plant Management

Weed Science ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 626-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirk W. Davies ◽  
Roger L. Sheley
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Invasive Plants ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Plant Management ◽  
Wind Dispersal ◽  
Invasive Plant Management ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Vegetation Height

Controlling invasive plant infestations is very costly and often unsuccessful. Preventing invasions is more cost-effective than controlling invasive plants after they are established. Because prevention guidelines do not suggest any tools or methods to limit wind dispersal of invasive plant seeds, we investigated the influence of neighboring vegetation height on seed dispersal of a wind-dispersed (yellow salsify) and nonwind-dispersed (medusahead) species. To examine the influence of neighboring vegetation height on dispersal, seeds of both species were released in front of an artificial stand of desert wheatgrass in a modified wind tunnel. Treatments were a complete factorial design with two species, four vegetation heights (10, 30, 40, and 60 cm), three wind speeds (3, 5.5, and 10 km h−1), and three release distances from the neighboring vegetation (0, 15, and 30 cm). The ability of medusahead and yellow salsify seeds to disperse was influenced by the height of neighboring vegetation. Increasing height of neighboring vegetation decreased the number of yellow salsify seeds dispersing across neighboring vegetation. The greatest percentage of medusahead seeds dispersed across the neighboring vegetation was at the shortest height. Based on these results, we suggest that maintaining or promoting tall vegetation neighboring invasive plant infestations may reduce wind dispersal of seeds. More research is needed to investigate the influence of varying heights, densities, structural attributes, and composition of vegetation neighboring infestations and the dispersal of invasive plants.

scholarly journals Analysis and distributional patterns of the invasive flora in a protected mountain area - a case study of Medvednica Nature Park (Croatia)

2011 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Vuković ◽  
Anita Bernardić ◽  
Toni Nikolić ◽  
Vladimir Hršak ◽  
Miško Plazibat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Invasive Plants ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Multiple Regression Model ◽  
Mountain Area ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Invasive Flora ◽  
Nature Park

In this paper we have analysed invasive flora of Medvednica Nature Park, Croatia with respect to their origins, life forms, systematic positions, types of seed dispersal, Ellenberg indicator values and spatial distributions using MTB 1/64 grid units for analyses. A total of 27 invasive plant species, belonging to 14 families, were recorded with <em>Asteraceae</em> being the most frequently occurring family. Therophytes were the most common life form, as is generally true of Croatian invasive plants; however, hemicryptophytes and geophytes were more frequent in Medvednica. Here, invasive plants originated mainly from both Americas with slightly lower portion in comparison to all Croatian invasive plants, while contrary was the case when comparing those originated from Asia. The most widespread species was <em>Erigeron annuus</em> (L.) Pers., and the species with the lowest occurrence were <em>Chamomilla suaveolens</em> (Pursh.) Rydb and <em>Datura innoxia</em> Mill. A multiple regression model explains 44% of the spatial variability in the invasive plants data per MTB 1/64 unit, using the number of all recorded plant species, the average elevation and the lengths of paths and roads as estimators. The latter two variables also had the most influence on the ordination axes in analyses of the spatial distribution of seed dispersal types present in each MTB 1/64 unit. Anemochory was the most frequent type of seed dispersal.

Tumbling: Use of Diffuse Knapweed (Centaurea diffusa) to Examine an Understudied Dispersal Mechanism

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk V. Baker ◽  
John R. Withrow ◽  
Cynthia S. Brown ◽  
K. George Beck
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Invasive Plants ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Linear Process ◽  
Wind Tunnel Experiments ◽  
Centaurea Diffusa ◽  
Dispersal Mechanism ◽  
Independent Field ◽  
Diffuse Knapweed

AbstractDispersal is a critically important process in the spread of invasive plants. Although knowledge of dispersal will be crucial to preventing the spread of invasive plants, little research has been performed within this context. Many important invasive or agricultural weeds disperse their seeds via tumbling, yet only one previously published paper investigated this dispersal mechanism. Field and wind tunnel experiments were conducted to quantify and model tumbling dispersal. We developed competing models for diffuse knapweed seed dispersal from wind tunnel experiments and compared predictions to data collected from a field site in Colorado. Seeds were retained in plants that had traveled hundreds to as much as 1,039 m (3,408 ft). Although neither model accurately predicted dispersal when compared with independent field data, surprisingly, seed retention with distance was somewhat better described as a linear process than as exponential decay. Wind tunnel trials showed no evidence that the number of seeds deposited per meter depended on plant size. Thus, fecundity might be a key factor determining seed dispersal distances; plants with higher fecundity might disperse seeds over longer distances than those with fewer seeds.

scholarly journals Bird behaviour on and entanglement in invasive burdock (Arctium spp.) plants in Winnipeg, Manitoba

2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd J. Underwood ◽  
Robyn M. Underwood
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Invasive Plants ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Small Animals ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Migratory Status

Burdocks (Arctium spp.) are invasive plants native to Eurasia. They produce their seeds within large burrs that adhere to vertebrates for seed dispersal, i.e., epizoochory. Small animals may become entangled in these burrs and die. Through active searches of natural areas in Winnipeg, Manitoba, from 2000 to 2005, we documented 29 songbirds entangled in burdock burrs and recorded observations of bird behaviour on burdock plants. We analyzed trends among birds found entangled by taxon, sex, age, migratory status, and season, and we compared them to observations of bird activity on burdock. Thirteen species of birds were found entangled. Most birds found entangled (62%) were warblers (Parulidae), but there were also species from five other families (<15% per family). There was no significant difference in the distribution of birds found entangled by sex or age. A significant proportion of birds found entangled were migrants, and the average number of birds found entangled per search visit differed significantly by season, with most birds found entangled in fall. By comparison, we recorded 34 species of birds (n = 178 observations) active on burdock plants. Warblers (38%) and sparrows (Emberizidae) (24%) were the most active, followed by small numbers of birds from eight other families (<9% per family). Species that were observed actively foraging on burdocks more often became entangled than those species observed only perching on burdocks. Species found entangled had a significantly lower body mass than species that were not found entangled but were active on burdocks. Overall, we suggest that small-bodied fall migrants that forage on burdock plants are most at risk of becoming entangled.

Aportaciones a la flora de la montaña palentina y su área de influencia. Contributions to the Palencia’s mountain flora and its influence area

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 188-196
Author(s):  
Antonio Ruiz de Gopegui ◽  
Yolanda Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Invasive Plants ◽  
Endangered Plants ◽  
Influence Area ◽  
Palabras Clave

Contributions to the Palencia’s Mountain flora and its influence area. Palabras clave. Corología, flora amenazada, flora invasora, Palencia, España. Key words. Chorology, Endangered plants, Invasive plants, Palencia, Spain.

FRUGIVORIA E DISPERSÃO DE SEMENTES POR PEIXES

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-18
Author(s):  
Luciane Lopes de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Main Species ◽  
Fishing Gears ◽  
Solimões River

Biotic or abiotic processes of seed dispersal are important for the maintenance of the diversity, and for the natural regeneration in tropical forests. Ichthyochory is one of the fundamental mechanisms for seed dispersal in flooded environments, as the “igapó” forests. A study on the ichthyochory of the igapós was conducted at Amanã Sustainable Development Reserve, in the middle Solimões river, from June 2002 to September 2004. Monthly samples of frugivorous fish were taken, with the main fishing gears used locally. Guts of 1,688 fish caught were examined. The main species were Myloplus rubripinnis (29.21%), Hemiodus immaculatus (18.96%),Colossoma macropom um (16.23%) and Mylossoma duriventre (16.05%). The diet was made of vegetables (fruits, leave and flowers), and animals (arthropods). 53.02% of all fish caught ingested fruits. The total number of intact seeds in the stomachs and intestines were 8,069 and 5,763 respectively. About 61.9% of the Brycon melanopterus (matrinchão), 46.34% of the Brycon amazonicus (mamuri) and 30.22% of M . rubripinnis (parum ) analysed had intact seeds in their guts. Seeds of Nectandra amazonum and Genipa spruceana ingested proved to be more viable than those non-ingested by fish. The high rates of frugivory, the presence of intact seeds in the guts of fish and the greater viability of ingested seeds all suggest that these animals are important seed dispersors in the “igapó” forests of Amanã Reserve.

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