scholarly journals How connected are the major forms of irrationality? An analysis of pseudoscience, science denial, fact resistance, and alternative facts

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Ove Hansson
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
The Other ◽  
Reliable Information ◽  
Rational Discourse ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Alternative Facts ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Fact Finding ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

Science is a fact-finding practice, but there are many other fact-finding practices that apply largely the same patterns of reasoning in order to achieve as reliable information as possible in empirical issues. The fact-finding practices form in their turn a subcategory of rational discourse, a wider category that also encompasses argumentation on non-empirical issues. Based on these categories, it is easy to see the relationship between on the one hand pseudoscience, on the other hand fact resistance, disinformation, and fallacies of reasoning. The flaws in argumentation are similar, and the main difference is whether or not the subject matter falls within or without the realm of science.

Concordância verbal, topicalização e posposição de sujeito

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Maria Beatriz Nascimento Decat
Keyword(s):  
Brazilian Portuguese ◽  
The Other ◽  
Verb Agreement ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

Resumo: Neste trabalho, pretendo mostrar que o fenômeno da concordância, verbal em português é melhor descrito em termos da relação tópico/comentário. A partir do exame, em dados da língua oral, da interação da regra de CV com as regras de Topicalizaçao e de Posposição de Sujeito, aventei a hipótese de que a ausência de CV em sentenças com SN posposto (tradicionalmente chamado sujeito) se explica pelo fato de essas sentenças serem constituídas só do comentário, desprovidas, portanto, do tópico, que é aqui estabelecido como o controlador da CV. Em conseqüência da ausência do tópico, a falta de CV revela uma tendência à impessoalização nesse tipo de sentenças.Abstract: I intend to demonstrate, in this paper, that Portuguese Subject-Verb Agreement can be better described in terms of the relationship topic/comment. Based on the examination of the interaction between the Subject-Verb Agreement rule, on the one hand, and the rules of Topicalization and Subject Postposing, on the other hand, in colloquial Brazilian Portuguese, I advanced the following hypothesis: the absence of Subject-Verb Agreement in sentences with a postposed NP (which is, traditionally analyzed as the subject of the sentence) can be explained by the fact that in these sentences all we have is comment; i.e., the topic, which we establish as the controller of Subject-Verb Agreament, is lacking. As a consequence of the absence of topic, lack of Subject-Verb Agreement shows a tendency for the impersonalization of this kind of sentences.

Reservation of title in England and New Zealand

Legal Studies ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard McCormark
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
House Of Lords ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
Court Of Appeal

Reservations of title clauses have enjoyed mixed fortunes in recent times at the hands of the courts in Britain. On the one hand, the House of Lords has upheld the validity and effectiveness of an ‘all-liabilities’ reservation of title clause. On the other hand, claims on the part of a supplier to resale proceeds have been rejected in a string offirst instance decisions. Reservation of title has however been viewed more favourably as a phenomenon in New Zealand. In the leading New Zealand case Len Vidgen Ski and Leisure Ltd u Timam Marine Supplies Ltd. a tracing claim succeeded. Moreover in Coleman u Harvey the New Zealand Court of Appeal gave vent to the view that the title of the supplier is not necessarily lost when mixing of goods, which are the subject matter of a reservation of title clause, has occurred. There are now a series of more recent New Zealand decisions, some of them unreported, dealing with many aspects of reservation of title.

scholarly journals Dziecięce zabawki świąteczne w świetle wybranych źródeł ikonograficznych 2. połowy XIX i początku XX wieku

2020 ◽  
pp. 89-112
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kabacińska-Łuczak ◽  
Monika Nawrot-Borowska
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
The Way

The aim of this study is the reconstruction of children’s toys received by them during the Christmas period in the second half of the 19th and at the beginning of the 20th century. In its subject matter, the article refers, on the one hand, to the deliberations about Christmas toys and, on the other hand, it is part of the ever-growing trend of research on children’s toys from the historical and pedagogical perspective. The text is part of the triptych prepared by the authors on the subject of children’s Christmas toys during the period of Partitions of Poland. Selected iconographic sources – press graphics, Christmas postcards and photographs on which children’s toys can be found, comprise the source basis of this part. They are sources important for cognitive reasons, because they show the image of toys of the time, their appearance, shape, size, the way they were made, decorated, etc. They also indicate which toys were particularly popular (fashionable) and liked by children in the analysed period, and show the ways they were used.

scholarly journals Γονικότητα και διδυμία: Μία διπλή πρόκληση

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 381
Author(s):  
Μαρία Μαρκοδημητράκη
Keyword(s):  
Transition To Parenthood ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
The Other ◽  
Prenatal Period ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

Ιn the present paper the transition to parenthood of twins and the developmental process of the relationship between parents and their twins from the prenatal period up to adolescence are described and discussed. Our interest is focused on the distinctiveness of this relationship and the issues arising in every developmental step of twins. It is a double challenge for parents. On the one hand they should respond effectively to their role as parents and on the other hand they should simultaneously face the needs of two different children, with all the difficulties involved. In the present work the significance of the twins’ differentiation by their parents while they are still in the prenatal period, is emphasized as it is an important issue for the prevention of comparison, tension or jealousy that are harmful to the twin bond. The realisation that every twin child is different brings out the developmental advantages of twinship (companionship, empathy, cooperation etc) and diminishes the stereotypical view summarized in the phrase “for problem see twin”, which is being questioned by contemporarynaturalistic studies on the subject. Identifying the developmental advantages of twinship is a critical factor for the growth of emotionally healthy twins who respect and appreciate themselves and their relationship.

scholarly journals Transgression in Lyudmila Ulitskaya’s novel Jacob’s Ladder

Literatūra ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-96
Author(s):  
Tünde Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Literary Work ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Semiotic Systems ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
Jacob's Ladder ◽  
The Relationship

The status of the boundary that separates and connects the different spheres of existence and the possibility of crossing this boundary (transgression) are the subject of many studies in different fields of the humanities. Transgression is also closely linked to the question of the relationship between reality and fiction; consequently, it can be considered as one of the fundamental problems of literary theory.It is exactly the incompleteness and theoretical openness of the literary work and the permeability of reality and fiction that the motto of L. Ulitskaya’s novel Jacob’s Ladder takes as its theme, thus directing the reader’s attention to the acts of crossing boundaries in the work.In this paper, I examine the various sources of transgression; on the one hand, in the course of the heroine’s life, and on the other hand, in relation to the different semiotic systems that open up within the plot.

Die Beendigung der Bestechungsdelikte

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Schwab
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
The Other ◽  
Legal Institutions ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One

Administering the completion of bribery offences has gained importance, especially with regard to the statute of limitations. This study therefore deals on the one hand with the question of whether the existing jurisprudence in this regard is consistent with its own premises and how it has to be adopted by other legal institutions, which are relevant with regard to the concept of completion in this context (i.e. sentencing for multiple offences, the subject matter of the ruling, qualifications, examples of delimitation as well as principal and secondary participants). On the other hand it sheds light on whether the premises of the existing jurisprudence are correct at all.

scholarly journals Heidegger e a poesia como caminho para a linguagem

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (14) ◽  
pp. 247
Author(s):  
Robson Costa Cordeiro
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

O artigo procura mostrar de que modo Heidegger pensa a poesia como essência da linguagem. Com esse intuito, tem por objetivo desenvolver a articulação entre poesia e linguagem, mostrando que, se a “matéria” da poesia é a linguagem, a linguagem, por sua vez, é, em sua essência, poesia. No desenvolvimento dessa questão, tomaremos Hölderlin como interlocutor privilegiado de Heidegger por mostrar, de modo exemplar, a poesia como tarefa de testemunhar o divino, que se realiza através do combate entre deuses e homens. Nesse combate se realiza a tensão entre a essência e a não-essência da linguagem, entre o seu caráter divino e vulgar, que apresenta, por um lado, a poesia como a mais inocente das ocupações e, por outro lado, a linguagem como o mais perigoso dos bens. A linguagem é simultaneamente as duas coisas, sendo, por isso, em sua essência, um mistério. Heidegger pensa esse mistério a partir da relação entre dasein e ser. Nessa relação o ser encontra abrigo na linguagem, que testemunha o ser a partir do ser. Sendo aquele que testemunha, o dasein, contudo, não é o sujeito que possui a linguagem, mas aquele que pode testemunhar porque é obrigado a falar, a trazer para a palavra aquilo que quase o faz perder a língua, este que é o mais estranho, o mais inóspito de todos os hóspedes, o ser. Abstract: The article tries to show how Heidegger think the poetry as essence of language. To that end, aims to develop the relationship between poetry and language, showing that if the “matter” of poetry is the language, the language, in turn, is, in essence, poetry. In the development of this issue, we will take Hölderlin as a privileged interlocutor of Heidegger for show in an exemplary way, the poetry as task of witness the divine, which is realized through the fight between gods and men. In this fight takes place the tension between essence and non-essence of language, between his divine and vulgar character, which has, on the one hand, poetry as the most innocent of occupations and, on the other hand, the language as most dangerous of goods. The language is simultaneously both, and is therefore, in essence, a mystery. Heidegger thinks this mystery from the relationship between dasein and being. In this relationship, the being found shelter under the language that witness the being from being. Being that which witness, the dasein, however, is not the subject which has the language, but that which can witness because it is forced to speak, to bring for the word that almost makes you lose the language, this that is the strangest, the most inhospitable of all guests, the being. Keywords: Heidegger, Hölderlin, poetry, language, being. 

scholarly journals From reflex to reflection: Moving from the space of causes to the space of reasons and back

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 681-693
Author(s):  
Ariel Furstenberg
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Space Of Reasons ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Simple Picture

AbstractThis article proposes to narrow the gap between the space of reasons and the space of causes. By articulating the standard phenomenology of reasons and causes, we investigate the cases in which the clear-cut divide between reasons and causes starts to break down. Thus, substituting the simple picture of the relationship between the space of reasons and the space of causes with an inverted and complex one, in which reasons can have a causal-like phenomenology and causes can have a reason-like phenomenology. This is attained by focusing on “swift reasoned actions” on the one hand, and on “causal noisy brain mechanisms” on the other hand. In the final part of the article, I show how an analogous move, that of narrowing the gap between one’s normative framework and the space of reasons, can be seen as an extension of narrowing the gap between the space of causes and the space of reasons.

Productivity of French and Dutch (semi-)copular constructions and the adverse impact of high token frequency

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niek Van Wettere
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
The Other ◽  
Adverse Impact ◽  
Frequent Type ◽  
Token Frequency ◽  
Semantic Classes ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One

Abstract This paper examines the productivity of the subject complement slot in a set of French and Dutch (semi-)copular micro-constructions. The presumed counterpart of productivity, conventionalization in the form of high token frequency, will also be taken into account in the analysis of the productivity complex. On the one hand, it will be shown that prototypical copulas generally have a higher productivity than semi-copulas, although there are some semi-copulas that can rival the productivity of prototypical copulas. On the other hand, it will be demonstrated that high token frequency is in general detrimental to productivity, on the level of the entire subject complement slot and on the level of the different semantic classes. However, the shape of the frequency distribution also seems to play a role: multiple highly frequent types are in my data more detrimental to productivity than one extremely frequent type, although the semantic connectedness of the types in the distribution might also be an explanatory factor.

《高文舉》版本考述

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (37) ◽  
pp. 281-332
Author(s):  
柯香君 柯香君
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Evolution Process ◽  
Cultural Characteristics ◽  
Original Stories ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Work First

<p>「高文舉故事」始自形成，便以多元樣貌流播於各地聲腔，依據本文所較析的四個版本，彼此間存在著複雜關係，或有獨立發展者，如南管戲《高文舉》，或有屬古本系統者，如《水雲亭還魂記》，或有保留南戲原貌者莆仙戲《高文舉》，乃至於集大成者「文林閣本」《高文舉珍珠記》。南戲《高文舉》已亡佚，其中以《高文舉珍珠記》之影響最為深遠。「高文舉故事」主要情節有三：「珍珠米糷」、「還魂訴冤」、「包拯斷案」。在「文林閣本」與「莆仙本」皆有「珍珠米糷」、「龍圖斷案」，而「還魂本」有「玉真還魂」、「龍圖斷案」，至於「南管本」則一概具無，可知「南管本」在高文舉故事流變過程中之獨特性。本文主要針對各版本間之「關目情節」、「曲文賓白」等詳實比勘，剖析「高文舉」在不同聲腔劇種間之承繼與創新，並試圖重構各地聲腔在「高文舉」演化過程中之地位與價值。</p> <p>&nbsp;</p><p>Gao Wen Jyu of southern opera has been disappeared and present versions include Zhen Zhu Ji (Yi Yang tune), Gao Wen Jyu of Southern Pipes (Quan tune), Gao Wen Jyu of Pu Xian (Hsin Hua tune) and Revival After Death of Shui Yun Pavilion (Qing Yang tune). Among others, Zhen Zhu Ji is the most influential one. The plots such as &ldquo;Window Meeting&rdquo; and &ldquo;Zhen Zhu Mi Lan&rdquo; are not only the selected Zhe Zi operas for the later generations, but also the adapted texts of local operas. Main plots of &ldquo;story of Gao Wen Jyu&rdquo; are below: &ldquo;Zhen Zhu Mi Lan&rdquo;, &ldquo;Revival After Death to Appeal for Justice&rdquo; and &ldquo;Master Pao&rsquo;s Judgment&rdquo;. Zhen Zhu Ji and &ldquo;version of Pu Xian&rdquo; include &ldquo;Zhen Zhu Mi Lan&rdquo; and &ldquo;Master Pag&rsquo;s Judgment&rdquo;. &ldquo;Version of revival after death&rdquo; includes &ldquo;Revival After Death of Yu Chen&rdquo; and &ldquo;Master Pao&rsquo;s Judgment&rdquo;. &ldquo;Version of Southern Pipes&rdquo; does not include the above. Hence, it shows the uniqueness of &ldquo;version of Southern Pipes&rdquo; in the evolution of &ldquo;story of Gao Wen Jyu&rdquo;. Varieties of plots result in the richness of &ldquo;story of Gao Wen Jyu&rdquo;. The process of spread reveals flexibility and regionality of local common systematic tunes and varieties of operas. </p> <p> This study will treat four versions of Gao Wen Jyu as the subjects to significantly compare and analyze the original stories and difference and similarity of related work. First, it explores present versions to recognize the evolution of the story &ldquo;Gao Wen Jyu&rdquo;; secondly, it precisely compares &ldquo;plots&rdquo; and &ldquo;singing and talking&rdquo; of the versions to analyze the inheritance and innovation of &ldquo;story of Gao Wen Jyu&rdquo; in different common systematic tunes and varieties of Chinese operas. It, on the one hand, clarifies the relationship and origin of different versions of &ldquo;Gao Wen Jyu&rdquo; and, on the other hand, probes into cultural characteristics of &ldquo;time&rdquo; and &ldquo;region&rdquo; of operas; finally, it attmpets to reconstruct the positions and values of common systematic tunes in different regions in the evolution process of &ldquo;Gao Wen Jyu&rdquo;. </p> <p>&nbsp;</p>

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