scholarly journals Un cadre analytique pour étudier l’impact économique des autoroutes interurbaines : une application à la région de Montréal

2009 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-404
Author(s):  
Mario Polèse ◽  
Jean-Claude Thibodeau
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Economic Structure ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Time Zone ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Abstract In this paper, the authors propose a framework which enables them to analyse the economic impact of new highway links between Montreal and eleven surrounding cities, specifically the impact on the economic structure of those cities. The authors observe a relationship between changes in accessibility (to Montreal) and economic structure. Greater accessibility resulting from new highway construction seems generally to favour industrial growth and diversification, although a very rapid and radical change in accessibility can also have negative consequences on the short run. The service sector appears particularly sensitive to changes in accessibility. The authors observe a cut off point of one hour's travel time: as soon as city falls within this travel-time zone its service sector (especially more the sophisticated services) systematically declines. Finally, the authors conclude that the precise nature of the impact of increased accessibility to Montreal is largely a function of the original economic structure of the city concerned: certain structures are more sensitive to changes in accessibility than others.

scholarly journals The influence of tourism development on the economic structure of the population of Belgrade

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-36
Author(s):  
Marko Sedlak ◽  
Dejan Šabić ◽  
Snežana Vujadinović
Keyword(s):  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Economic Structure ◽  
Strong Connection ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
Methodological Procedures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

The paper analyzed the impact of tourism development on changes in the employed population in the service sectors by individual activities. The aim of this paper is to point out the relationship between changes in the number of tourists and changes in the number of employed population in service activities. The area of research is limited to the territory of the city of Belgrade. It cover an area of 3.223km2 . The basic methodological procedures used for research are mathematical - statistical methods: Pearson's correlation coefficient (r), testing the significance of the correlation coefficient (t test) and causal relationship (R). By applying the mentioned methods, a strong connection has been established between the growth of tourist traffic and the growth of the number of employed population in the service delivery activities on the territory of Belgrade.

scholarly journals Społeczeństwo i kultura jako definicyjny kontekst badań nad wpływem technologii na ponowoczesnego człowieka

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-211
Author(s):  
Paweł Piotr Nowak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Philosophy Of Dialogue ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Based on an analysis of selected definitions of the terms used for society and culture, the author creates the sociological theoretical framework for the article. In conjunction with the characterized phenomenon of digital transformation, extensive and far-reaching conclusions are formulated on the impact of new technology for postmodernity. In relation to the scientific achievements of Buber and Tischner, the author deeply analyzes the assumptions of philosophy of dialogue. This allows the observation of a wide dimension in the relationship between the relational nature of social relations, the condition of the individual, the durability of the systems humans create, the technocratic direction of civilizational development and the consumerist attitude to reality in contemporary society of the 21st century. The author describes technological worship and presents the negative consequences of digital transformation processes. On the example of the service sector, the transition is presented as symbolic culture based on the relations and dialogue with technical and functional culture. The research method used in the article is a review of the scientific literature. In the study, the author set the goal of determining the impact of digital transformation on humans in the context of the definition of culture and society. As a result of the research, the author states that technological insight (i.e. looking at technology as a way of resolving all contemporary problems) has the danger of successively weakening man, and could lead to a deepening of social inequalities. The author also emphasizes the need to deepen research on the consequences of the digital transformation on society and culture and to develop models that can reduce the negative consequences of the change process.

scholarly journals The Displacement of Santiago de Chile’s Downtown during 1990–2015: Travel Time Effects on Eradicated Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Suazo-Vecino ◽  
Juan Carlos Muñoz ◽  
Luis Fuentes Arce
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Time Effects ◽  
Socioeconomic Groups ◽  
Santiago De Chile ◽  
Average Travel Time ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The center of activities of Santiago de Chile has been continuously evolving towards the eastern part of the city, where the most affluent residents live. This paper characterizes the direction and magnitude of this evolution through an indicator stating how much the built surface area for service purposes grows in different areas in the city. To identify the impact of this evolution, we compare residents’ travel-time distributions from different sectors in the city to the central area. This travel-time comparison is focused on the sectors where informal settlements were massively eradicated between 1978–1985 and those areas where the settlements were relocated. This analysis show that this policy and the consequent evolution of the city were detrimental to the affected families, significantly increasing average travel time to the extended center of the city and inequality among different socioeconomic groups in the city. Although the phenomenon is quite visible to everyone, it has not received any policy reaction from the authority. These findings suggest that middle and low-income sectors would benefit if policies driving the evolution of the center of activities towards them were implemented.

THE ROLE OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN INDIA'S SERVICES EXPORTS: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION

2006 ◽  
Vol 51 (02) ◽  
pp. 175-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
SADHANA SRIVASTAVA
Keyword(s):  
Service Sector ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Indian Economy ◽  
Export Competitiveness ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Key Driver ◽  
The Impact

Export-oriented FDI is increasingly being perceived as an instrumental tool to strengthen country's export-competitiveness in developing countries. The theoretical literature suggests that both FDI and trade can be substitutive or complementary to each other depending on the nature of investment, industry-mix and host country's characteristics. In this context, the experience of the Indian economy is particularly instructive. Although some empirical studies have supported the view that FDI inflows in the Indian economy have not been export-oriented, it is important to note that none of these have studied the impact of FDI inflows on service exports, in spite of service sector emerging as a key driver of India's export growth. This paper examines the causal relationship between FDI inflows and service exports in the Indian economy during the post liberalization period since 1991. It uses a multivariate VAR framework for the analysis. The empirical results confirm the presence of short-run unidirectional Granger causality from FDI to services exports in the Indian economy.

Service robots, customers and service employees: what can we learn from the academic literature and where are the gaps?

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinh Nhat Lu ◽  
Jochen Wirtz ◽  
Werner H. Kunz ◽  
Stefanie Paluch ◽  
Thorsten Gruber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Service Sector ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Service Robots ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Service Employees ◽  
Multiple Observations ◽  
The Impact

PurposeRobots are predicted to have a profound impact on the service sector. The emergence of robots has attracted increasing interest from business scholars and practitioners alike. In this article, we undertake a systematic review of the business literature about the impact of service robots on customers and employees with the objective of guiding future research.Design/methodology/approachWe analyzed the literature on service robots as they relate to customers and employees in business journals listed in the Financial Times top 50 journals plus all journals covered in the cross-disciplinary SERVSIG literature alerts.FindingsThe analysis of the identified studies yielded multiple observations about the impact of service robots on customers (e.g. overarching frameworks on acceptance and usage of service robots; characteristics of service robots and anthropomorphism; and potential for enhanced and deteriorated service experiences) and service employees (e.g. employee benefits such as reduced routine work, enhanced productivity and job satisfaction; potential negative consequences such as loss of autonomy and a range of negative psychological outcomes; opportunities for human–robot collaboration; job insecurity; and robot-related up-skilling and development requirements). We also conclude that current research on service robots is fragmented, is largely conceptual in nature and focused on the initial adoption stage. We feel that more research is needed to build an overarching theory. In addition, more empirical research is needed, especially on the long(er)-term usage service robots on actual behaviors, the well-being and potential downsides and (ethical) risks for customers and service employees.Research limitations/implicationsOur review focused on the business and service literature. Future work may want to include additional literature streams, including those in computer science, engineering and information systems.Originality/valueThis article is the first to synthesize the business and service literature on the impact of service robots on customers and employees.

scholarly journals Introducing a Navigation Algorithm for Reducing the Spread of Diseases in Public Transport Networks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Klinker ◽  
Mohamed Hechem Selmi ◽  
Mariana Avezum ◽  
Stephan Jonas
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Planning Problem ◽  
Navigation Algorithm ◽  
Urban Public Transport ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Reducing passenger flow through highly frequented bottlenecks in public transportation networks is a well-known urban planning problem. This issue has become even more relevant since the outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and the necessity for minimum distances between passengers. We propose an approach that allows to dynamically navigate passengers around dangerously crowded stations to better distribute the passenger load across an entire urban public transport network. This is achieved through the introduction of new constraints into routing requests, that enable the avoidance of specific nodes in a network. These requests consider walks, bikes, metros, subways, trams and buses as possible modes of transportation. An implementation of the approach is provided in cooperation with the Munich Travel Corporation (MVG) for the city of Munich, to simulate the effects on a real city’s urban traffic flow. Among other factors, the impact on the travel time was simulated given that the two major exchange points in the network were to be avoided. With an increase from 26.5 to 26.8 minutes on the average travel time, the simulation suggests that the time penalty might be worth the safety benefits.

scholarly journals The Impact of Organizational Culture on Public Service Employee Success in Bandung City

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
Hery Winoto Tj
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Corporate Culture ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Employee Needs ◽  
The City

A strong and long-established organizational culture can have a direct effect on the behaviors and actions of the members of the organization. There is much evidence that an organization's effectiveness is attributed to its good culture, making the company more festive and therefore more successful. An organization will seek to improve employee performance to achieve the goals of the organization. Organizations' various efforts to enhance employee performance can be made through education and training, providing compensation, meeting employee needs, creating a comfortable working atmosphere, etc. Therefore, this analysis aims to evaluate the effect of organizational culture on employee performance in the public service sector in the city of Bandung by taking a sample of 70 employee respondents at the Education Office. This study uses a quantitative approach with an explanatory survey method in processing data related to this research. The results showed an average mean of 4.17, indicating that employees' organizational culture has been well received in the Bandung City Education Office. The mean employee performance is 4.12, which means that employees have good performance. This indicates that the corporate culture has a significant impact on employee efficiency.

scholarly journals Khobar City Plan and the New Public Space in Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
pp. 215-234
Author(s):  
Atef Alshehri ◽  
Lulu Almana
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Urban Experience ◽  
Urban Core ◽  
New City ◽  
City Plan ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The launch of Khobar city plan in 1947 as the first ever planned city in Saudi Arabia marked a radical change in public space making, which shifted from pre-industrial intimate and human-focused public realm to automobile-ridden open-ended public space. This study examines the impact of this radical shift by focusing on one particular street, King Khalid street, which was once the bustling urban core of the new city of Khobar. Data were collected from multiple sources given the inconsistency in the documentation of the planning and development process of the city. This included relevant popular as well as specialist literature, archival maps, historical photographs, and interviews with local residents who grew up or lived in the city for most of their lives. In addition, brief fieldwork was conducted to assess and examine the current street conditions. In comparison to the desolate current condition of King Khalid street, this study reveals multiple factors which helped to galvanize the exceptional position of this street in the past as a primary public space within a seemingly consistent gridiron city. These factors include accessibility, scale, architectural characteristics, economic offerings, and the general urban experience. The study concludes by discussing ways to resurrect the street based on parallel experiments from the region.

scholarly journals The impact of road infrastructure failures on traffic conditions and travel behaviour in urban areas – the case of the Lazienkowski Bridge in Warsaw

2019 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 01006
Author(s):  
Andrzej Szarata ◽  
Katarzyna Nosal Hoy
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Travel Behaviour ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Failure Data ◽  
Traffic Volumes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

This article deals with the problems of failures of transport infrastructure sections and their consequences. The article presents the research problem of assessing the impact of the fire on Lazienkowski Bridge, in Warsaw, on the travel behaviour of city residents as well as traffic conditions in the city. Changes occurring directly after the bridge’s failure during the period up to several months after the event were analysed. In order to assess the consequences of the failure, data obtained from traffic measurements on selected bridge crossings and interview surveys carried out among city residents were used. The results of the surveys proved that the exclusion of the Lazienkowski Bridge from traffic resulted in a significant increase in traffic volumes on other bridges, especially neighbouring ones, and resulted in longer rush hours on the bridge crossings in question. 42% of the city‘s residents felt the negative consequences of the failure in the form of worse conditions of travel and 36% of the residents reported a longer travel time to work/school. The failure also caused changes in travel behaviour as regards the choice of means of transport, travel route or not travelling altogether. The consequences of the failure affected, to the greatest extent, the residents of areas most functionally connected with the bridge.

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