scholarly journals The Commission of Conservation as a Forerunner to the National Research Council 1909-1921

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel F. Girard
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Federal Funds ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation

Abstract This paper links the history of the Canadian Commission of Conservation (1909-1921) to the creation of the National Research Council through the fight between the two organizations for federal funds in scientific research. In my view, the Commission of Conservation (or COC) was abolished in 1921 because it persisted in advocating conservation, an expression of early 20th century environmentalism, in a world which was no longer interested in this issue.

State Regulation of Agricultural Lending in Naddnieper Ukraine in the 19th - early 20th Centuries: Modern Scientific Discourse

2021 ◽  
pp. 76-88
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Zaichenko ◽  
◽  
Volodymyr Popov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Scientific Problem ◽  
History Of

The purpose of the article is to consider the modern scientific discourse on agricultural lending in Naddnieper Ukraine in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries and to identify promising areas for further research on this issue. The authors used empirical and theoretical methods of scientific research in particular methods of analysis and synthesis, the method of scientific abstraction, and others characteristic methods of research on economic history to achieve this goal and implement the corresponding research tasks. In recent years, a body of diverse scientific research of historians, economists and lawyers has appeared in Ukraine in which these problems are considered. These works differ both in the depth of study of the problem of agricultural lending and in the range of studied issues. The entire body of works of modern Ukrainian scientists, which forms the modern scientific discourse on the history of agricultural lending in Naddnieper Ukraine in the second half of the 19th - early 20th century, consists of three groups including in particular : 1) research, which are devoted to outstanding economists and theorists of lending of the 19th - early 20th century; 2) works on the history of the Peasant and Noble banks, branches and offices of which operated on the territory of the Ukrainian governorates; 3) research of cooperative crediting. We are obliged to note that despite a significant amount of scientific research on the history of lending (including agricultural lending) in Naddnieper Ukraine in the second half of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century, today prevail works devoted only to certain aspects of this complex and important scientific problem, without proper cooperation between representatives of various branches of knowledge. In the authors' view, synectics that is scientific cooperation of representatives of various specialties: economists, historians and lawyers, should become promising in studying the history of agricultural lending in Naddnieper Ukraine in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries. It allows to solve such a complex scientific problem comprehensively and considering the economic component (determination of the most optimal scientifically grounded lending methods) and the historical as well as anthropological approach and the study of the legal regulation of credit relations. In our opinion, it is exactly the kind of approach, that allows not only to study the problem of the history of agricultural lending in Naddnieper Ukraine in the second half of the 19th and early 20th century comprehensively, but also to offer modern lenders a mechanism for developing balanced and affordable credit products that will stimulate the development of the agricultural sector and the economy of Ukraine as a whole.

scholarly journals Pioneras en la Paleontología española: María Teresa Rodríguez Mellado (1921-1985)

2020 ◽  
pp. 161-175
Author(s):  
Isabel Rábano
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Research Work ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Western Sahara ◽  
History Of ◽  
Siglo Xx ◽  
Intense Research

Resumen Se presentan algunos aspectos de la biografía de María Teresa Rodríguez Mellado (1921-1985), una pionera desconocida en la historia de la Geología española. El matrimonio y la maternidad la retiraron de la ciencia tras una breve pero intensa actividad investigadora. Licenciada en Ciencias, Sección de Ciencias Naturales, por la Universidad Central en 1946, obtuvo una beca del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas en el Museo de Ciencias Naturales de Madrid para realizar su tesis doctoral sobre el Devónico en España, dirigida por Francisco Hernández-Pacheco. Colaboró con Manuel Alía Medina en algunas cuestiones paleontológicas de las investigaciones geológico-mineras del Sáhara Occidental. Asimismo, se muestra la evolución de la enseñanza de las materias geológicas durante la primera mitad del siglo XX en España. Abstra ct This paper deals with some aspects of María Teresa Rodríguez Mellado´s biography (1921-1985), an unknown pioneer in the history of Spanish Geology. Marriage and motherhood removed her from science after a brief but intense research work. She graduated in Natural Sciences in 1946, and got a Spanish National Research Council scholarship to carry out her Ph.D. thesis on the Devonian of Spain, supervised by Francisco Hernández-Pacheco. She collaborated with Manuel Alía Medina on some paleontological issues of the geology of Western Sahara. Also, the evolution of the teaching of geological subjects during the first half of the 20th century in Spain is shown.

The National Academy of Sciences – National Research Council Veteran Twin Registry

1994 ◽  
Vol 43 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Braun ◽  
R. Haupt ◽  
N.E. Caporaso
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Research Council ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Twin Data ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Twin Registry ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

With recent advances in molecular biology and genetics, cohorts such as the National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council (NAS-NRC) Twin Registry may become of increasing importance. This paper outlines the creation and history of the NAS-NRC Twin Registry, methodologies utilized for analysis of twin data, studies that have been completed or are underway, and possible future types of studies.

Public Libraries of the Vladimir and Kostroma Provinces' District Towns in the Second Half of the 19th — early 20th Century

2010 ◽  
pp. 98-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksey A. Soloviev
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Native Population ◽  
History Of

On the history of the first public libraries in the province towns of Vladimirskaya and Kostromskaya provinces in the second half of the 17th century - early 20th century. The author considers main statistical data of libraries and analyses necessity and influence of these libraries and reading rooms on the native population.

ABOUT CUSTOMS BUSINESS IN TURKESTAN IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19th -EARLY 20th CENTURY

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
Chinpulat Kurbanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Stage Development

The author in this scientific article examines the stage-by-stage development and formation of customs in Turkestan in the second half of the 19th -early 20th centuries. The author studied the history of customs in Turkestan and its role in establishing a single customs line in the future with neighboring khanates. The author focuses on the role of Russia in the establishment of a single customs line and the development of customs in Turkestan

‘... Call the Mute Artifacts to Speech’: New Essays on the History of Archeology

2018 ◽  
pp. 1274-1279
Author(s):  
Elena V. Olimpieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
Historical Material ◽  
Manuscript Tradition ◽  
History Of ◽  
Publication Practices ◽  
Controversial Nature

The article reviews O. A. Shashkova’s ‘... Call the Mute Artifacts to Speech.’ Essays on the History of Archaeography of the 15th - Early 20th Century. Wide array of sources and broad geographical frameworks allow Shashkova to present emergence and development of Russian and European archaeography from the 15th to early 20th century intelligibly enough for educational purposes. A whole chapter is devoted to the manuscript tradition and publishing of sources before Gutenberg. When considering the formation of archaeographical tradition, the author uses comparative method. O. A. Shashkova offers a historical overview and analyzes theoretical and practical issues of archaeography. The reviewer notes the significance of the chosen topic due to a need to reconsider the development of publishing in light of modern views on archaeography and to make it accessible to students and non-professionals. She notes traditional academic approach of O. A. Shashkova to presentation of the development publication practices. The review considers the possibility of using the ‘Essays...’ in studying the history of archaeography and offers possible directions for a broader consideration of historical experience, in particular, of Novikov’s publication projects. The review notes the controversial nature of the author’s approach to systematization of her large historical material in order to consider issues concerning the study of archaeographical practices. It stresses that coverage of issues of development of methods of preparation of publications separately from its historical and practical aspects hinders successful mastering of the material by an untrained reader. It concludes that the publication has high practical value for specialists in archaeography and students.

The Ismaili Tradition in Iran: 13th Century to the Present

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Beben
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
Northern Iran ◽  
Minority Community ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
To Receive

The Ismailis are a minority community of Shiʿi Muslims that first emerged in the 8th century. Iran has hosted one of the largest Ismaili communities since the earliest years of the movement and from 1095 to 1841 it served as the home of the Nizārī Ismaili imams. In 1256 the Ismaili headquarters at the fortress of Alamūt in northern Iran was captured by the Mongols and the Imam Rukn al-Dīn Khūrshāh was arrested and executed, opening a perilous new chapter in the history of the Ismailis in Iran. Generations of observers believed that the Ismailis had perished entirely in the course of the Mongol conquests. Beginning in the 19th century, research on the Ismailis began to slowly reveal the myriad ways in which they survived and even flourished in Iran and elsewhere into the post-Mongol era. However, scholarship on the Iranian Ismailis down to the early 20th century remained almost entirely dependent on non-Ismaili sources that were generally quite hostile toward their subject. The discovery of many previously unknown Ismaili texts beginning in the early 20th century offered prospects for a richer and more complete understanding of the tradition’s historical development. Yet despite this, the Ismaili tradition in the post-Mongol era continues to receive only a fraction of the scholarly attention given to earlier periods, and a number of sources produced by Ismaili communities in this period remain unexplored, offering valuable opportunities for future research.

One Hundred Years of Empirical Aesthetics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Nadal ◽  
Esther Ureña
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Golden Age ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gestalt Psychology ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Motivational Theory ◽  
Reward Value ◽  
History Of ◽  
Functional Psychology

This article reviews the history of empirical aesthetics since its foundation by Fechner in 1876 to Berlyne’s new empirical aesthetics in the 1970s. The authors explain why and how Fechner founded the field, and how Wundt and Müller’s students continued his work in the early 20th century. In the United States, empirical aesthetics flourished as part of American functional psychology at first, and later as part of behaviorists’ interest in reward value. The heyday of behaviorism was also a golden age for the development of all sorts of tests for artistic and aesthetic aptitudes. The authors end the article by covering the contributions of Gestalt psychology and Berlyne’s motivational theory to empirical aesthetics.

Narrative Structure and Content of Vietnamese Stories Regarding Tutelary Deities of Villages (thần tích): Case Study of the Story of Yết Kiêu Spirit

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-69
Author(s):  
Elena V. Gordienko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Narrative Structure ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Historical Narrative ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
European Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
Temple Community

This article analyzes the Story of a fisherman Yết Kiêu (歇驕) who is worshiped as a tutelary spirit in villages of Northern Vietnam. Yết Kiêu is a semi-mythical character and he is widely credited with supernatural abilities and merits in war against the Mongols (1288). I investigate the text that belongs to thần tích genre (神). It is a manuscript written in Vietnamese at Yết Kiêu’s birthplace, which is the central place of his worship (on the basis of previous texts of the 16th–19th centuries). The Story of Yết Kiêu has a complex structure reflecting the history of the development of this particular text and the whole genre as well. The story can be divided in four parts differing in form and content: the folk layer (the oldest part), the historical narrative (likely compiled by court historiographers in the 15th–17th centuries), the legend of Yết Kiêu’s Mongolian bride (emerged evidently in a temple community during later centuries) and the description of Yết Kiêu’s cult (which appeared under the influence of the European research methods in the early 20th century). The article contains a fragment of the story translated into Russian.

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